ETH Price: $2,124.70 (+2.04%)

Transaction Decoder

Block:
12199037 at Apr-08-2021 12:05:29 PM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.006258993 ETH $13.30
Gas Used:
67,301 Gas / 93 Gwei

Emitted Events:

184 Ducks.Transfer( from=[Sender] 0x5c76bb4d4c707abc8c7775b9bf7111a28185794d, to=[Receiver] DuckBridge, tokens=2500000000000000000 )
185 DuckBridge.NewTransferRequest( tokenIndex=2, from=[Sender] 0x5c76bb4d4c707abc8c7775b9bf7111a28185794d, to=[Sender] 0x5c76bb4d4c707abc8c7775b9bf7111a28185794d, amount=2500000000000000000, index=29, toChain=56 )

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
(Spark Pool)
11.362759285515768239 Eth11.369018278515768239 Eth0.006258993
0x5C76bb4d...28185794D
0.178336344989174953 Eth
Nonce: 147
0.172077351989174953 Eth
Nonce: 148
0.006258993
0xaAD2458F...f83a47b07
(DuckDao: Bridge)
0xFbEEa1C7...984558E20

Execution Trace

DuckBridge.transferRequest( _tokenIndex=2, _to=0x5C76bb4d4c707ABc8c7775B9bf7111A28185794D, _amount=2500000000000000000, _chainId=56 )
  • Ducks.transferFrom( from=0x5C76bb4d4c707ABc8c7775B9bf7111A28185794D, to=0xaAD2458F2A279AcCd9F6d11Fb991369f83a47b07, tokens=2500000000000000000 ) => ( success=True )
    File 1 of 2: DuckBridge
    // File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol
    
    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
    
    pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
     */
    interface IERC20 {
        /**
         * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
         */
        function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
         */
        function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
    
        /**
         * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
         *
         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
         *
         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
         */
        function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
         * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
         * zero by default.
         *
         * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
         */
        function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
    
        /**
         * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
         *
         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
         *
         * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
         * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
         * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
         * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
         * desired value afterwards:
         * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
         *
         * Emits an {Approval} event.
         */
        function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    
        /**
         * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
         * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
         * allowance.
         *
         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
         *
         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
         */
        function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    
        /**
         * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
         * another (`to`).
         *
         * Note that `value` may be zero.
         */
        event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
    
        /**
         * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
         * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
         */
        event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
    }
    
    // File: @openzeppelin/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol
    
    pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations with added overflow
     * checks.
     *
     * Arithmetic operations in Solidity wrap on overflow. This can easily result
     * in bugs, because programmers usually assume that an overflow raises an
     * error, which is the standard behavior in high level programming languages.
     * `SafeMath` restores this intuition by reverting the transaction when an
     * operation overflows.
     *
     * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
     * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
     */
    library SafeMath {
        /**
         * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the substraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
         * overflow.
         *
         * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - Addition cannot overflow.
         */
        function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow");
            return c;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
         * overflow (when the result is negative).
         *
         * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
         */
        function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
            require(b <= a, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow");
            return a - b;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
         * overflow.
         *
         * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
         */
        function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
            if (a == 0) return 0;
            uint256 c = a * b;
            require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow");
            return c;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting on
         * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
         *
         * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
         * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
         * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - The divisor cannot be zero.
         */
        function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
            require(b > 0, "SafeMath: division by zero");
            return a / b;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
         * reverting when dividing by zero.
         *
         * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
         * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
         * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - The divisor cannot be zero.
         */
        function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
            require(b > 0, "SafeMath: modulo by zero");
            return a % b;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
         * overflow (when the result is negative).
         *
         * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
         * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {trySub}.
         *
         * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
         */
        function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
            require(b <= a, errorMessage);
            return a - b;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
         * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
         *
         * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
         * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryDiv}.
         *
         * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
         * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
         * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - The divisor cannot be zero.
         */
        function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
            require(b > 0, errorMessage);
            return a / b;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
         * reverting with custom message when dividing by zero.
         *
         * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
         * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryMod}.
         *
         * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
         * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
         * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - The divisor cannot be zero.
         */
        function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
            require(b > 0, errorMessage);
            return a % b;
        }
    }
    
    // File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol
    
    pragma solidity >=0.6.2 <0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
     */
    library Address {
        /**
         * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
         *
         * [IMPORTANT]
         * ====
         * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
         * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
         *
         * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
         * types of addresses:
         *
         *  - an externally-owned account
         *  - a contract in construction
         *  - an address where a contract will be created
         *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
         * ====
         */
        function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
            // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
            // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
            // constructor execution.
    
            uint256 size;
            // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
            assembly { size := extcodesize(account) }
            return size > 0;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
         * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
         *
         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
         * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
         * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
         * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
         *
         * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
         *
         * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
         * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
         * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
         * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
         */
        function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
            require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
    
            // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls, avoid-call-value
            (bool success, ) = recipient.call{ value: amount }("");
            require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
         * plain`call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
         * function instead.
         *
         * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
         * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
         *
         * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
         * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - `target` must be a contract.
         * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
         *
         * _Available since v3.1._
         */
        function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
          return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
         * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
         *
         * _Available since v3.1._
         */
        function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
         * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
         * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
         *
         * _Available since v3.1._
         */
        function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
         * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
         *
         * _Available since v3.1._
         */
        function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
            require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
    
            // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{ value: value }(data);
            return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
         * but performing a static call.
         *
         * _Available since v3.3._
         */
        function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
         * but performing a static call.
         *
         * _Available since v3.3._
         */
        function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
            require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
    
            // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
            return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
         * but performing a delegate call.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
         * but performing a delegate call.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");
    
            // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
            return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    
        function _verifyCallResult(bool success, bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure returns(bytes memory) {
            if (success) {
                return returndata;
            } else {
                // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                if (returndata.length > 0) {
                    // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
    
                    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
                    assembly {
                        let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                        revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                    }
                } else {
                    revert(errorMessage);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    // File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/SafeERC20.sol
    
    
    pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @title SafeERC20
     * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
     * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
     * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
     * successful.
     * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
     * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
     */
    library SafeERC20 {
        using SafeMath for uint256;
        using Address for address;
    
        function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
        }
    
        function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
         * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
         *
         * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
         * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
         */
        function safeApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
            // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
            // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
            // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
            // solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
            require((value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
                "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
            );
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
        }
    
        function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
            uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender).add(value);
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
        }
    
        function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
            uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender).sub(value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
         * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
         * @param token The token targeted by the call.
         * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
         */
        function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
            // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
            // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address.functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
            // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.
    
            bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
            if (returndata.length > 0) { // Return data is optional
                // solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
                require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
            }
        }
    }
    
    // File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol
    
    pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
    
    /*
     * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
     * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
     * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
     * manner, since when dealing with GSN meta-transactions the account sending and
     * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
     * is concerned).
     *
     * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
     */
    abstract contract Context {
        function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address payable) {
            return msg.sender;
        }
    
        function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes memory) {
            this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
            return msg.data;
        }
    }
    
    // File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol
    
    pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
     * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
     * specific functions.
     *
     * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
     * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
     *
     * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
     * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
     * the owner.
     */
    abstract contract Ownable is Context {
        address private _owner;
    
        event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    
        /**
         * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
         */
        constructor () internal {
            address msgSender = _msgSender();
            _owner = msgSender;
            emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msgSender);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
         */
        function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
            return _owner;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
         */
        modifier onlyOwner() {
            require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
            _;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
         * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
         *
         * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
         * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
         */
        function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
            emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
            _owner = address(0);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
         * Can only be called by the current owner.
         */
        function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
            require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
            emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, newOwner);
            _owner = newOwner;
        }
    }
    
    // File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol
    
    pragma solidity >=0.6.0 <0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
     *
     * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
     * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
     * (reentrant) calls to them.
     *
     * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
     * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
     * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
     * points to them.
     *
     * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
     * to protect against it, check out our blog post
     * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
     */
    abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
        // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
        // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
        // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
        // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
        // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.
    
        // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
        // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
        // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
        // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
        // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
        uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
        uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;
    
        uint256 private _status;
    
        constructor () internal {
            _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
         * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
         * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
         * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and make it call a
         * `private` function that does the actual work.
         */
        modifier nonReentrant() {
            // On the first call to nonReentrant, _notEntered will be true
            require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");
    
            // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
            _status = _ENTERED;
    
            _;
    
            // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
            // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
            _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
        }
    }
    
    // File: contracts/DuckBridge.sol
    
    pragma solidity ^0.6.0;
    
    contract DuckBridge is Ownable, ReentrancyGuard {
        
        using SafeMath for uint;
        using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
    
        uint public constant FEE_UPDATE_DURATION = 1 days;
    
        address public verifyAddress;
    
        //chain -> index -> bool
        mapping(uint => mapping(uint => bool)) public claimed;
    
        uint public currentIndex;
    
    	uint public chainId;
    
        uint public stableFeeUpdateTime;
        uint public stableFee;
        uint public newStableFee;
    
    	struct TokenData {
    		address tokenAddress;
    		bool exists;
    		bool paused;
    		// total fees collected
    		uint totalFeesCollected;
    		// current fee
    		uint fee;
    		// fee update time
    		uint feeUpdateTime;
    		// new fee
    		uint newFee;
    		// daily limit
    		uint limit;
    		// daily limit time
    		uint limitTimestamp;
    	}
    
    	mapping(uint => TokenData) public tokenList;
    	mapping(uint => uint) public dailyTokenClaims;
    	mapping(address => bool) public tokenAdded;
    
    	event NewTransferRequest(uint indexed tokenIndex, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint amount, uint index, uint toChain);
    	event Transferred(uint indexed tokenIndex, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint amount, uint index, uint fromChain);
    	event WithdrawnLostTokens(address indexed owner, address indexed tokenAddress, uint amountWithdrawn);
    	event FeesWithdrawn(address indexed owner, uint indexed tokenIndex, uint amountWithdrawn);
    	event NewActiveToken(address indexed tokenAddress, uint tokenIndex);
    	event TokenPaused(uint tokenIndex);
    	event TokenUnPaused(uint tokenIndex);
    	event StableFeeChanged(uint indexed feeUpdateTime, uint newFee);
    	event VerifyAddressChanged(address indexed newVerifyAddress);
    	event DailyTokenLimitChanged(uint indexed tokenIndex, uint newLimit);
    	event TokenFeeChanged(uint indexed feeUpdateTime, uint indexed tokenIndex, uint newFee);
    
    	constructor(
    		address _duckAddress,
    		address _ddimAddress,
    		address _verifyAddress,
    		uint _chainId,
    		uint _stableFee
    	)
    		public Ownable()
    	{
    		verifyAddress = _verifyAddress;
    		stableFee = _stableFee;
    		newStableFee = _stableFee;
    
    		tokenList[1] = TokenData(
    			_duckAddress,
    			true,
    			false,
    			0,
    			0,
    			0,
    			0,
    			0,
    			block.timestamp + 1 days
    		);
    		tokenList[2] = TokenData(
    			_ddimAddress,
    			true,
    			false,
    			0,
    			0,
    			0,
    			0,
    			0,
    			block.timestamp + 1 days
    		);
    		tokenAdded[_duckAddress] = true;
    		tokenAdded[_ddimAddress] = true;
    
    		chainId = _chainId;
    
    		emit StableFeeChanged(stableFeeUpdateTime, _stableFee);
    		emit VerifyAddressChanged(_verifyAddress);
    		emit NewActiveToken(_duckAddress, 1);
    		emit NewActiveToken(_ddimAddress, 2);
    	}
    
    	receive() external payable { }
    
    	function transferRequest(uint _tokenIndex, address _to, uint _amount, uint _chainId) external nonReentrant {
    		TokenData storage tokenData = tokenList[_tokenIndex];
    
    		require(tokenData.exists, "token doesnt exist on bridge");
    		require(!tokenData.paused, "token paused");
    		require(_chainId != chainId, "cannot request to the same chain");
    
    		updateFees(_tokenIndex);
    
    		IERC20 token = IERC20(tokenData.tokenAddress);
    
    		uint _fee = calculateFee(_tokenIndex, _amount);
    
    		token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), _amount);
    		tokenData.totalFeesCollected = tokenData.totalFeesCollected.add(_fee);
    
    		emit NewTransferRequest(_tokenIndex, msg.sender, _to, _amount.sub(_fee), currentIndex, _chainId);
    		currentIndex++;
    	}
    
    	function transferReceipt(
    		uint _tokenIndex,
    		address _from,
    		address _to,
    		uint _amount,
    		uint _chainId,
    		uint _index,
    		bytes calldata signature
    	) 
    		external nonReentrant
    	{
    		TokenData storage tokenData = tokenList[_tokenIndex];
    
    		require(tokenData.exists, "token doesnt exist on bridge");
    		require(!claimed[_chainId][_index], "already claimed");
    		require(_chainId != chainId, "cannot claim from a different chain");
    		require(!tokenData.paused, "token paused");
            require(verify(_tokenIndex, _from, _to, _amount, _chainId, _index, signature), "invalid signature");
    
    		// if theres a limit set
    		if (tokenData.limit > 0) {
    			updateDailyLimit(_tokenIndex);
    			require(dailyTokenClaims[_tokenIndex].add(_amount) <= tokenData.limit, "cannot claim above the daily limit");
    		}
    
           	IERC20(tokenData.tokenAddress).safeTransfer(_to, _amount);
    		claimed[_chainId][_index] = true;
    		dailyTokenClaims[_tokenIndex] = dailyTokenClaims[_tokenIndex].add(_amount);
    
           	emit Transferred(_tokenIndex, _from, _to, _amount, _index, _chainId);
    	}
    
    	function updateVerifyAddress(address _verifyAddress) external onlyOwner {
    		verifyAddress = _verifyAddress;
    		emit VerifyAddressChanged(_verifyAddress);
    	}
    
    	function updateTokenLimit(uint _tokenIndex, uint _limit) external onlyOwner {
    		tokenList[_tokenIndex].limit = _limit;
    		// reset the time?
    		// tokenList[_tokenIndex].limitTimestamp = block.timestamp + 1 days;
    		emit DailyTokenLimitChanged(_tokenIndex, _limit);
    	}
    
    	function setTokenLimitTime(uint _tokenIndex, uint _timestamp) external onlyOwner {
    		tokenList[_tokenIndex].limitTimestamp = _timestamp;
    	}
    
    	function updateStableFee(uint _newStableFee) external onlyOwner {
    		stableFeeUpdateTime = block.timestamp + FEE_UPDATE_DURATION;
    		newStableFee = _newStableFee;
    		emit StableFeeChanged(stableFeeUpdateTime, _newStableFee);
    	}
    
    	function updateTokenFee(uint _index, uint _newTokenFee) external onlyOwner {
    		tokenList[_index].feeUpdateTime = block.timestamp + FEE_UPDATE_DURATION;
    		tokenList[_index].newFee = _newTokenFee;
    		emit TokenFeeChanged(tokenList[_index].feeUpdateTime, _index, _newTokenFee);
    	}
    
    	function updateFees(uint _tokenIndex) public {
    		updateStableFee();
    		updateTokenFee(_tokenIndex);
    	}
    
    	function withdrawFees(uint _index) external nonReentrant onlyOwner {
    	    TokenData storage tokenData = tokenList[_index];
    	    
    		require(tokenData.totalFeesCollected > 0, "nothing to withdraw");
    
    		uint toTransfer = tokenData.totalFeesCollected;
    		tokenData.totalFeesCollected = 0;
    
    		IERC20(tokenData.tokenAddress).safeTransfer(msg.sender, toTransfer);
    
    		emit FeesWithdrawn(msg.sender, _index, toTransfer);
    	}
    
    	function addToken(uint _index, address _tokenAddress, uint _fee, uint _limit) external onlyOwner {
    		require(!tokenList[_index].exists, "token already created");
    
    		tokenList[_index] = TokenData(
    		    _tokenAddress,
    			true,
    			false,
    			0,
    			_fee,
    			0,
    			0,
    			_limit,
    			block.timestamp + 1 days
    		);
    		tokenAdded[_tokenAddress] = true;
    		emit NewActiveToken(_tokenAddress, _index);
    	}
    
    	function pauseToken(uint _tokenIndex) external onlyOwner {
    		require(!tokenList[_tokenIndex].paused, "token already paused");
    		tokenList[_tokenIndex].paused = true;
    		emit TokenPaused(_tokenIndex);
    	}
    
    	function unpauseToken(uint _tokenIndex) external onlyOwner {
    		require(tokenList[_tokenIndex].paused, "token already unpaused");
    		tokenList[_tokenIndex].paused = false;
    		emit TokenUnPaused(_tokenIndex);
    	}
    
    	//if something wrong
    	function emergencyWithdraw(address _tokenAddress) external nonReentrant onlyOwner {
    		require(!tokenAdded[_tokenAddress], "cannot withdraw from existing token");
    
    		uint balanceOfThis;
    		if(_tokenAddress == address(0)) {
    			balanceOfThis = address(this).balance;
    			msg.sender.transfer(balanceOfThis);
    		} else {
    			balanceOfThis = IERC20(_tokenAddress).balanceOf(address(this));
    			IERC20(_tokenAddress).safeTransfer(owner(), balanceOfThis);
    		}
    
    		emit WithdrawnLostTokens(owner(), _tokenAddress, balanceOfThis);
    	}
    
    	function updateDailyLimit(uint _tokenIndex) internal {
    		// if the current time is still within the time limit do nothing
    		if (block.timestamp <= tokenList[_tokenIndex].limitTimestamp) {
    			return;
    		}
    
    		// if the current time above the daily limit time, reset it with the acc amount
    		tokenList[_tokenIndex].limitTimestamp = block.timestamp + 1 days;
    		dailyTokenClaims[_tokenIndex] = 0;
    	}
    
    	function updateTokenFee(uint _tokenIndex) internal {
    		if(tokenList[_tokenIndex].feeUpdateTime == 0) {
    			return;
    		}
    
    		if(block.timestamp > tokenList[_tokenIndex].feeUpdateTime) {
    			tokenList[_tokenIndex].fee = tokenList[_tokenIndex].newFee;
    			tokenList[_tokenIndex].feeUpdateTime = 0;
    		}
    	}
    
    	function updateStableFee() internal {
    		if(stableFeeUpdateTime == 0) {
    			return;
    		}
    
    		if(block.timestamp > stableFeeUpdateTime) {
    			stableFee = newStableFee;
    			stableFeeUpdateTime = 0;
    		}
    	}
    
    	function calculateFee(uint _tokenIndex, uint _amount) public view returns(uint) {
    		if(tokenList[_tokenIndex].fee != 0) {
    			if(tokenList[_tokenIndex].fee >= 1e18) {
    				return 0;
    			}
    			return _amount.mul(tokenList[_tokenIndex].fee).div(1e18);
    		}
    
    		if(stableFee >= 1e18) {
    			return 0;
    		}
    
    		return _amount.mul(stableFee).div(1e18);
    	}
    	
    	/// signature methods.
    	function verify(
    		uint _tokenIndex,
    		address _from,
    		address _to,
    		uint _amount,
    		uint _chainId,
    		uint _index,
    		bytes calldata signature
    	) 
    		internal view returns(bool) 
    	{
    		bytes32 message = prefixed(keccak256(abi.encode(_tokenIndex, _from, _to, _amount, _chainId, _index, address(this))));
            return (recoverSigner(message, signature) == verifyAddress);
    	}
    
        function recoverSigner(bytes32 message, bytes memory sig)
            internal
            pure
            returns (address)
        {
            (uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) = abi.decode(sig, (uint8, bytes32, bytes32));
    
            return ecrecover(message, v, r, s);
        }
    
        /// builds a prefixed hash to mimic the behavior of eth_sign.
        function prefixed(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
            return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", hash));
        }
    }

    File 2 of 2: Ducks
    pragma solidity ^0.5.0;
    
    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // ERC Token Standard #20 Interface
    //
    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    contract ERC20Interface {
        function totalSupply() public view returns (uint);
        function balanceOf(address tokenOwner) public view returns (uint balance);
        function allowance(address tokenOwner, address spender) public view returns (uint remaining);
        function transfer(address to, uint tokens) public returns (bool success);
        function approve(address spender, uint tokens) public returns (bool success);
        function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint tokens) public returns (bool success);
    
        event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint tokens);
        event Approval(address indexed tokenOwner, address indexed spender, uint tokens);
    }
    
    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Safe Math Library 
    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    contract SafeMath {
        function safeAdd(uint a, uint b) public pure returns (uint c) {
            c = a + b;
            require(c >= a);
        }
        function safeSub(uint a, uint b) public pure returns (uint c) {
            require(b <= a); c = a - b; } function safeMul(uint a, uint b) public pure returns (uint c) { c = a * b; require(a == 0 || c / a == b); } function safeDiv(uint a, uint b) public pure returns (uint c) { require(b > 0);
            c = a / b;
        }
    }
    
    
    contract Ducks is ERC20Interface, SafeMath {
        string public name;
        string public symbol;
        uint8 public decimals; // 18 decimals is the strongly suggested default, avoid changing it
        
        uint256 public _totalSupply;
        
        mapping(address => uint) balances;
        mapping(address => mapping(address => uint)) allowed;
        
        /**
         * Constrctor function
         *
         * Initializes contract with initial supply tokens to the creator of the contract
         */
        constructor() public {
            name = "DuckDaoDime";
            symbol = "DDIM";
            decimals = 18;
            _totalSupply = 1500000000000000000000000;
            
            balances[msg.sender] = _totalSupply;
            emit Transfer(address(0), msg.sender, _totalSupply);
        }
        
        function totalSupply() public view returns (uint) {
            return _totalSupply  - balances[address(0)];
        }
        
        function balanceOf(address tokenOwner) public view returns (uint balance) {
            return balances[tokenOwner];
        }
        
        function allowance(address tokenOwner, address spender) public view returns (uint remaining) {
            return allowed[tokenOwner][spender];
        }
        
        function approve(address spender, uint tokens) public returns (bool success) {
            allowed[msg.sender][spender] = tokens;
            emit Approval(msg.sender, spender, tokens);
            return true;
        }
        
        function transfer(address to, uint tokens) public returns (bool success) {
            balances[msg.sender] = safeSub(balances[msg.sender], tokens);
            balances[to] = safeAdd(balances[to], tokens);
            emit Transfer(msg.sender, to, tokens);
            return true;
        }
        
        function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint tokens) public returns (bool success) {
            balances[from] = safeSub(balances[from], tokens);
            allowed[from][msg.sender] = safeSub(allowed[from][msg.sender], tokens);
            balances[to] = safeAdd(balances[to], tokens);
            emit Transfer(from, to, tokens);
            return true;
        }
    }