pragma solidity ^0.4.13;

library SafeMath {

  /**
  * @dev Multiplies two numbers, throws on overflow.
  */
  function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    if (a == 0) {
      return 0;
    }
    c = a * b;
    assert(c / a == b);
    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Integer division of two numbers, truncating the quotient.
  */
  function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    // assert(b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
    // uint256 c = a / b;
    // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
    return a / b;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Subtracts two numbers, throws on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
  */
  function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    assert(b <= a);
    return a - b;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Adds two numbers, throws on overflow.
  */
  function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    c = a + b;
    assert(c >= a);
    return c;
  }
}

contract Ownable {
  address public owner;


  event OwnershipRenounced(address indexed previousOwner);
  event OwnershipTransferred(
    address indexed previousOwner,
    address indexed newOwner
  );


  /**
   * @dev The Ownable constructor sets the original `owner` of the contract to the sender
   * account.
   */
  constructor() public {
    owner = msg.sender;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
   */
  modifier onlyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == owner);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
    require(newOwner != address(0));
    emit OwnershipTransferred(owner, newOwner);
    owner = newOwner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to relinquish control of the contract.
   */
  function renounceOwnership() public onlyOwner {
    emit OwnershipRenounced(owner);
    owner = address(0);
  }
}

contract ERC20Basic {
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256);
  function balanceOf(address who) public view returns (uint256);
  function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public returns (bool);
  event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
}

contract ERC20 is ERC20Basic {
  function allowance(address owner, address spender)
    public view returns (uint256);

  function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value)
    public returns (bool);

  function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public returns (bool);
  event Approval(
    address indexed owner,
    address indexed spender,
    uint256 value
  );
}

library ArrayUtils {

    /**
     * Replace bytes in an array with bytes in another array, guarded by a bitmask
     * Efficiency of this function is a bit unpredictable because of the EVM's word-specific model (arrays under 32 bytes will be slower)
     * 
     * @dev Mask must be the size of the byte array. A nonzero byte means the byte array can be changed.
     * @param array The original array
     * @param desired The target array
     * @param mask The mask specifying which bits can be changed
     * @return The updated byte array (the parameter will be modified inplace)
     */
    function guardedArrayReplace(bytes memory array, bytes memory desired, bytes memory mask)
        internal
        pure
    {
        require(array.length == desired.length);
        require(array.length == mask.length);

        uint words = array.length / 0x20;
        uint index = words * 0x20;
        assert(index / 0x20 == words);
        uint i;

        for (i = 0; i < words; i++) {
            /* Conceptually: array[i] = (!mask[i] && array[i]) || (mask[i] && desired[i]), bitwise in word chunks. */
            assembly {
                let commonIndex := mul(0x20, add(1, i))
                let maskValue := mload(add(mask, commonIndex))
                mstore(add(array, commonIndex), or(and(not(maskValue), mload(add(array, commonIndex))), and(maskValue, mload(add(desired, commonIndex)))))
            }
        }

        /* Deal with the last section of the byte array. */
        if (words > 0) {
            /* This overlaps with bytes already set but is still more efficient than iterating through each of the remaining bytes individually. */
            i = words;
            assembly {
                let commonIndex := mul(0x20, add(1, i))
                let maskValue := mload(add(mask, commonIndex))
                mstore(add(array, commonIndex), or(and(not(maskValue), mload(add(array, commonIndex))), and(maskValue, mload(add(desired, commonIndex)))))
            }
        } else {
            /* If the byte array is shorter than a word, we must unfortunately do the whole thing bytewise.
               (bounds checks could still probably be optimized away in assembly, but this is a rare case) */
            for (i = index; i < array.length; i++) {
                array[i] = ((mask[i] ^ 0xff) & array[i]) | (mask[i] & desired[i]);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Test if two arrays are equal
     * Source: https://github.com/GNSPS/solidity-bytes-utils/blob/master/contracts/BytesLib.sol
     * 
     * @dev Arrays must be of equal length, otherwise will return false
     * @param a First array
     * @param b Second array
     * @return Whether or not all bytes in the arrays are equal
     */
    function arrayEq(bytes memory a, bytes memory b)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bool)
    {
        bool success = true;

        assembly {
            let length := mload(a)

            // if lengths don't match the arrays are not equal
            switch eq(length, mload(b))
            case 1 {
                // cb is a circuit breaker in the for loop since there's
                //  no said feature for inline assembly loops
                // cb = 1 - don't breaker
                // cb = 0 - break
                let cb := 1

                let mc := add(a, 0x20)
                let end := add(mc, length)

                for {
                    let cc := add(b, 0x20)
                // the next line is the loop condition:
                // while(uint(mc < end) + cb == 2)
                } eq(add(lt(mc, end), cb), 2) {
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                    cc := add(cc, 0x20)
                } {
                    // if any of these checks fails then arrays are not equal
                    if iszero(eq(mload(mc), mload(cc))) {
                        // unsuccess:
                        success := 0
                        cb := 0
                    }
                }
            }
            default {
                // unsuccess:
                success := 0
            }
        }

        return success;
    }

    /**
     * Unsafe write byte array into a memory location
     *
     * @param index Memory location
     * @param source Byte array to write
     * @return End memory index
     */
    function unsafeWriteBytes(uint index, bytes source)
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint)
    {
        if (source.length > 0) {
            assembly {
                let length := mload(source)
                let end := add(source, add(0x20, length))
                let arrIndex := add(source, 0x20)
                let tempIndex := index
                for { } eq(lt(arrIndex, end), 1) {
                    arrIndex := add(arrIndex, 0x20)
                    tempIndex := add(tempIndex, 0x20)
                } {
                    mstore(tempIndex, mload(arrIndex))
                }
                index := add(index, length)
            }
        }
        return index;
    }

    /**
     * Unsafe write address into a memory location
     *
     * @param index Memory location
     * @param source Address to write
     * @return End memory index
     */
    function unsafeWriteAddress(uint index, address source)
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint)
    {
        uint conv = uint(source) << 0x60;
        assembly {
            mstore(index, conv)
            index := add(index, 0x14)
        }
        return index;
    }

    /**
     * Unsafe write uint into a memory location
     *
     * @param index Memory location
     * @param source uint to write
     * @return End memory index
     */
    function unsafeWriteUint(uint index, uint source)
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint)
    {
        assembly {
            mstore(index, source)
            index := add(index, 0x20)
        }
        return index;
    }

    /**
     * Unsafe write uint8 into a memory location
     *
     * @param index Memory location
     * @param source uint8 to write
     * @return End memory index
     */
    function unsafeWriteUint8(uint index, uint8 source)
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint)
    {
        assembly {
            mstore8(index, source)
            index := add(index, 0x1)
        }
        return index;
    }

}

contract ReentrancyGuarded {

    bool reentrancyLock = false;

    /* Prevent a contract function from being reentrant-called. */
    modifier reentrancyGuard {
        if (reentrancyLock) {
            revert();
        }
        reentrancyLock = true;
        _;
        reentrancyLock = false;
    }

}

contract TokenRecipient {
    event ReceivedEther(address indexed sender, uint amount);
    event ReceivedTokens(address indexed from, uint256 value, address indexed token, bytes extraData);

    /**
     * @dev Receive tokens and generate a log event
     * @param from Address from which to transfer tokens
     * @param value Amount of tokens to transfer
     * @param token Address of token
     * @param extraData Additional data to log
     */
    function receiveApproval(address from, uint256 value, address token, bytes extraData) public {
        ERC20 t = ERC20(token);
        require(t.transferFrom(from, this, value));
        emit ReceivedTokens(from, value, token, extraData);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Receive Ether and generate a log event
     */
    function () payable public {
        emit ReceivedEther(msg.sender, msg.value);
    }
}

contract ExchangeCore is ReentrancyGuarded, Ownable {

    /* The token used to pay exchange fees. */
    ERC20 public exchangeToken;

    /* User registry. */
    ProxyRegistry public registry;

    /* Token transfer proxy. */
    TokenTransferProxy public tokenTransferProxy;

    /* Cancelled / finalized orders, by hash. */
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) public cancelledOrFinalized;

    /* Orders verified by on-chain approval (alternative to ECDSA signatures so that smart contracts can place orders directly). */
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) public approvedOrders;

    /* For split fee orders, minimum required protocol maker fee, in basis points. Paid to owner (who can change it). */
    uint public minimumMakerProtocolFee = 0;

    /* For split fee orders, minimum required protocol taker fee, in basis points. Paid to owner (who can change it). */
    uint public minimumTakerProtocolFee = 0;

    /* Recipient of protocol fees. */
    address public protocolFeeRecipient;

    /* Fee method: protocol fee or split fee. */
    enum FeeMethod { ProtocolFee, SplitFee }

    /* Inverse basis point. */
    uint public constant INVERSE_BASIS_POINT = 10000;

    /* An ECDSA signature. */ 
    struct Sig {
        /* v parameter */
        uint8 v;
        /* r parameter */
        bytes32 r;
        /* s parameter */
        bytes32 s;
    }

    /* An order on the exchange. */
    struct Order {
        /* Exchange address, intended as a versioning mechanism. */
        address exchange;
        /* Order maker address. */
        address maker;
        /* Order taker address, if specified. */
        address taker;
        /* Maker relayer fee of the order, unused for taker order. */
        uint makerRelayerFee;
        /* Taker relayer fee of the order, or maximum taker fee for a taker order. */
        uint takerRelayerFee;
        /* Maker protocol fee of the order, unused for taker order. */
        uint makerProtocolFee;
        /* Taker protocol fee of the order, or maximum taker fee for a taker order. */
        uint takerProtocolFee;
        /* Order fee recipient or zero address for taker order. */
        address feeRecipient;
        /* Fee method (protocol token or split fee). */
        FeeMethod feeMethod;
        /* Side (buy/sell). */
        SaleKindInterface.Side side;
        /* Kind of sale. */
        SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind;
        /* Target. */
        address target;
        /* HowToCall. */
        AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall;
        /* Calldata. */
        bytes calldata;
        /* Calldata replacement pattern, or an empty byte array for no replacement. */
        bytes replacementPattern;
        /* Static call target, zero-address for no static call. */
        address staticTarget;
        /* Static call extra data. */
        bytes staticExtradata;
        /* Token used to pay for the order, or the zero-address as a sentinel value for Ether. */
        address paymentToken;
        /* Base price of the order (in paymentTokens). */
        uint basePrice;
        /* Auction extra parameter - minimum bid increment for English auctions, starting/ending price difference. */
        uint extra;
        /* Listing timestamp. */
        uint listingTime;
        /* Expiration timestamp - 0 for no expiry. */
        uint expirationTime;
        /* Order salt, used to prevent duplicate hashes. */
        uint salt;
    }
    
    event OrderApprovedPartOne    (bytes32 indexed hash, address exchange, address indexed maker, address taker, uint makerRelayerFee, uint takerRelayerFee, uint makerProtocolFee, uint takerProtocolFee, address indexed feeRecipient, FeeMethod feeMethod, SaleKindInterface.Side side, SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind, address target);
    event OrderApprovedPartTwo    (bytes32 indexed hash, AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall, bytes calldata, bytes replacementPattern, address staticTarget, bytes staticExtradata, address paymentToken, uint basePrice, uint extra, uint listingTime, uint expirationTime, uint salt, bool orderbookInclusionDesired);
    event OrderCancelled          (bytes32 indexed hash);
    event OrdersMatched           (bytes32 buyHash, bytes32 sellHash, address indexed maker, address indexed taker, uint price, bytes32 indexed metadata);

    /**
     * @dev Change the minimum maker fee paid to the protocol (owner only)
     * @param newMinimumMakerProtocolFee New fee to set in basis points
     */
    function changeMinimumMakerProtocolFee(uint newMinimumMakerProtocolFee)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        minimumMakerProtocolFee = newMinimumMakerProtocolFee;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the minimum taker fee paid to the protocol (owner only)
     * @param newMinimumTakerProtocolFee New fee to set in basis points
     */
    function changeMinimumTakerProtocolFee(uint newMinimumTakerProtocolFee)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        minimumTakerProtocolFee = newMinimumTakerProtocolFee;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the protocol fee recipient (owner only)
     * @param newProtocolFeeRecipient New protocol fee recipient address
     */
    function changeProtocolFeeRecipient(address newProtocolFeeRecipient)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        protocolFeeRecipient = newProtocolFeeRecipient;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens
     * @param token Token to transfer
     * @param from Address to charge fees
     * @param to Address to receive fees
     * @param amount Amount of protocol tokens to charge
     */
    function transferTokens(address token, address from, address to, uint amount)
        internal
    {
        if (amount > 0) {
            require(tokenTransferProxy.transferFrom(token, from, to, amount));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Charge a fee in protocol tokens
     * @param from Address to charge fees
     * @param to Address to receive fees
     * @param amount Amount of protocol tokens to charge
     */
    function chargeProtocolFee(address from, address to, uint amount)
        internal
    {
        transferTokens(exchangeToken, from, to, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Execute a STATICCALL (introduced with Ethereum Metropolis, non-state-modifying external call)
     * @param target Contract to call
     * @param calldata Calldata (appended to extradata)
     * @param extradata Base data for STATICCALL (probably function selector and argument encoding)
     * @return The result of the call (success or failure)
     */
    function staticCall(address target, bytes memory calldata, bytes memory extradata)
        public
        view
        returns (bool result)
    {
        bytes memory combined = new bytes(calldata.length + extradata.length);
        uint index;
        assembly {
            index := add(combined, 0x20)
        }
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteBytes(index, extradata);
        ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteBytes(index, calldata);
        assembly {
            result := staticcall(gas, target, add(combined, 0x20), mload(combined), mload(0x40), 0)
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Calculate size of an order struct when tightly packed
     *
     * @param order Order to calculate size of
     * @return Size in bytes
     */
    function sizeOf(Order memory order)
        internal
        pure
        returns (uint)
    {
        return ((0x14 * 7) + (0x20 * 9) + 4 + order.calldata.length + order.replacementPattern.length + order.staticExtradata.length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hash an order, returning the canonical order hash, without the message prefix
     * @param order Order to hash
     * @return Hash of order
     */
    function hashOrder(Order memory order)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32 hash)
    {
        /* Unfortunately abi.encodePacked doesn't work here, stack size constraints. */
        uint size = sizeOf(order);
        bytes memory array = new bytes(size);
        uint index;
        assembly {
            index := add(array, 0x20)
        }
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteAddress(index, order.exchange);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteAddress(index, order.maker);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteAddress(index, order.taker);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.makerRelayerFee);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.takerRelayerFee);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.makerProtocolFee);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.takerProtocolFee);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteAddress(index, order.feeRecipient);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint8(index, uint8(order.feeMethod));
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint8(index, uint8(order.side));
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint8(index, uint8(order.saleKind));
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteAddress(index, order.target);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint8(index, uint8(order.howToCall));
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteBytes(index, order.calldata);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteBytes(index, order.replacementPattern);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteAddress(index, order.staticTarget);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteBytes(index, order.staticExtradata);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteAddress(index, order.paymentToken);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.basePrice);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.extra);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.listingTime);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.expirationTime);
        index = ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteUint(index, order.salt);
        assembly {
            hash := keccak256(add(array, 0x20), size)
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hash an order, returning the hash that a client must sign, including the standard message prefix
     * @param order Order to hash
     * @return Hash of message prefix and order hash per Ethereum format
     */
    function hashToSign(Order memory order)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return keccak256("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", hashOrder(order));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Assert an order is valid and return its hash
     * @param order Order to validate
     * @param sig ECDSA signature
     */
    function requireValidOrder(Order memory order, Sig memory sig)
        internal
        view
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        bytes32 hash = hashToSign(order);
        require(validateOrder(hash, order, sig));
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Validate order parameters (does *not* check signature validity)
     * @param order Order to validate
     */
    function validateOrderParameters(Order memory order)
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        /* Order must be targeted at this protocol version (this Exchange contract). */
        if (order.exchange != address(this)) {
            return false;
        }

        /* Order must possess valid sale kind parameter combination. */
        if (!SaleKindInterface.validateParameters(order.saleKind, order.expirationTime)) {
            return false;
        }

        /* If using the split fee method, order must have sufficient protocol fees. */
        if (order.feeMethod == FeeMethod.SplitFee && (order.makerProtocolFee < minimumMakerProtocolFee || order.takerProtocolFee < minimumTakerProtocolFee)) {
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Validate a provided previously approved / signed order, hash, and signature.
     * @param hash Order hash (already calculated, passed to avoid recalculation)
     * @param order Order to validate
     * @param sig ECDSA signature
     */
    function validateOrder(bytes32 hash, Order memory order, Sig memory sig) 
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        /* Not done in an if-conditional to prevent unnecessary ecrecover evaluation, which seems to happen even though it should short-circuit. */

        /* Order must have valid parameters. */
        if (!validateOrderParameters(order)) {
            return false;
        }

        /* Order must have not been canceled or already filled. */
        if (cancelledOrFinalized[hash]) {
            return false;
        }
        
        /* Order authentication. Order must be either:
        /* (a) previously approved */
        if (approvedOrders[hash]) {
            return true;
        }

        /* or (b) ECDSA-signed by maker. */
        if (ecrecover(hash, sig.v, sig.r, sig.s) == order.maker) {
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve an order and optionally mark it for orderbook inclusion. Must be called by the maker of the order
     * @param order Order to approve
     * @param orderbookInclusionDesired Whether orderbook providers should include the order in their orderbooks
     */
    function approveOrder(Order memory order, bool orderbookInclusionDesired)
        internal
    {
        /* CHECKS */

        /* Assert sender is authorized to approve order. */
        require(msg.sender == order.maker);

        /* Calculate order hash. */
        bytes32 hash = hashToSign(order);

        /* Assert order has not already been approved. */
        require(!approvedOrders[hash]);

        /* EFFECTS */
    
        /* Mark order as approved. */
        approvedOrders[hash] = true;
  
        /* Log approval event. Must be split in two due to Solidity stack size limitations. */
        {
            emit OrderApprovedPartOne(hash, order.exchange, order.maker, order.taker, order.makerRelayerFee, order.takerRelayerFee, order.makerProtocolFee, order.takerProtocolFee, order.feeRecipient, order.feeMethod, order.side, order.saleKind, order.target);
        }
        {   
            emit OrderApprovedPartTwo(hash, order.howToCall, order.calldata, order.replacementPattern, order.staticTarget, order.staticExtradata, order.paymentToken, order.basePrice, order.extra, order.listingTime, order.expirationTime, order.salt, orderbookInclusionDesired);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Cancel an order, preventing it from being matched. Must be called by the maker of the order
     * @param order Order to cancel
     * @param sig ECDSA signature
     */
    function cancelOrder(Order memory order, Sig memory sig) 
        internal
    {
        /* CHECKS */

        /* Calculate order hash. */
        bytes32 hash = requireValidOrder(order, sig);

        /* Assert sender is authorized to cancel order. */
        require(msg.sender == order.maker);
  
        /* EFFECTS */
      
        /* Mark order as cancelled, preventing it from being matched. */
        cancelledOrFinalized[hash] = true;

        /* Log cancel event. */
        emit OrderCancelled(hash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculate the current price of an order (convenience function)
     * @param order Order to calculate the price of
     * @return The current price of the order
     */
    function calculateCurrentPrice (Order memory order)
        internal  
        view
        returns (uint)
    {
        return SaleKindInterface.calculateFinalPrice(order.side, order.saleKind, order.basePrice, order.extra, order.listingTime, order.expirationTime);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculate the price two orders would match at, if in fact they would match (otherwise fail)
     * @param buy Buy-side order
     * @param sell Sell-side order
     * @return Match price
     */
    function calculateMatchPrice(Order memory buy, Order memory sell)
        view
        internal
        returns (uint)
    {
        /* Calculate sell price. */
        uint sellPrice = SaleKindInterface.calculateFinalPrice(sell.side, sell.saleKind, sell.basePrice, sell.extra, sell.listingTime, sell.expirationTime);

        /* Calculate buy price. */
        uint buyPrice = SaleKindInterface.calculateFinalPrice(buy.side, buy.saleKind, buy.basePrice, buy.extra, buy.listingTime, buy.expirationTime);

        /* Require price cross. */
        require(buyPrice >= sellPrice);
        
        /* Maker/taker priority. */
        return sell.feeRecipient != address(0) ? sellPrice : buyPrice;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Execute all ERC20 token / Ether transfers associated with an order match (fees and buyer => seller transfer)
     * @param buy Buy-side order
     * @param sell Sell-side order
     */
    function executeFundsTransfer(Order memory buy, Order memory sell)
        internal
        returns (uint)
    {
        /* Only payable in the special case of unwrapped Ether. */
        if (sell.paymentToken != address(0)) {
            require(msg.value == 0);
        }

        /* Calculate match price. */
        uint price = calculateMatchPrice(buy, sell);

        /* If paying using a token (not Ether), transfer tokens. This is done prior to fee payments to that a seller will have tokens before being charged fees. */
        if (price > 0 && sell.paymentToken != address(0)) {
            transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, buy.maker, sell.maker, price);
        }

        /* Amount that will be received by seller (for Ether). */
        uint receiveAmount = price;

        /* Amount that must be sent by buyer (for Ether). */
        uint requiredAmount = price;

        /* Determine maker/taker and charge fees accordingly. */
        if (sell.feeRecipient != address(0)) {
            /* Sell-side order is maker. */
      
            /* Assert taker fee is less than or equal to maximum fee specified by buyer. */
            require(sell.takerRelayerFee <= buy.takerRelayerFee);

            if (sell.feeMethod == FeeMethod.SplitFee) {
                /* Assert taker fee is less than or equal to maximum fee specified by buyer. */
                require(sell.takerProtocolFee <= buy.takerProtocolFee);

                /* Maker fees are deducted from the token amount that the maker receives. Taker fees are extra tokens that must be paid by the taker. */

                if (sell.makerRelayerFee > 0) {
                    uint makerRelayerFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(sell.makerRelayerFee, price), INVERSE_BASIS_POINT);
                    if (sell.paymentToken == address(0)) {
                        receiveAmount = SafeMath.sub(receiveAmount, makerRelayerFee);
                        sell.feeRecipient.transfer(makerRelayerFee);
                    } else {
                        transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, sell.maker, sell.feeRecipient, makerRelayerFee);
                    }
                }

                if (sell.takerRelayerFee > 0) {
                    uint takerRelayerFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(sell.takerRelayerFee, price), INVERSE_BASIS_POINT);
                    if (sell.paymentToken == address(0)) {
                        requiredAmount = SafeMath.add(requiredAmount, takerRelayerFee);
                        sell.feeRecipient.transfer(takerRelayerFee);
                    } else {
                        transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, buy.maker, sell.feeRecipient, takerRelayerFee);
                    }
                }

                if (sell.makerProtocolFee > 0) {
                    uint makerProtocolFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(sell.makerProtocolFee, price), INVERSE_BASIS_POINT);
                    if (sell.paymentToken == address(0)) {
                        receiveAmount = SafeMath.sub(receiveAmount, makerProtocolFee);
                        protocolFeeRecipient.transfer(makerProtocolFee);
                    } else {
                        transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, sell.maker, protocolFeeRecipient, makerProtocolFee);
                    }
                }

                if (sell.takerProtocolFee > 0) {
                    uint takerProtocolFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(sell.takerProtocolFee, price), INVERSE_BASIS_POINT);
                    if (sell.paymentToken == address(0)) {
                        requiredAmount = SafeMath.add(requiredAmount, takerProtocolFee);
                        protocolFeeRecipient.transfer(takerProtocolFee);
                    } else {
                        transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, buy.maker, protocolFeeRecipient, takerProtocolFee);
                    }
                }

            } else {
                /* Charge maker fee to seller. */
                chargeProtocolFee(sell.maker, sell.feeRecipient, sell.makerRelayerFee);

                /* Charge taker fee to buyer. */
                chargeProtocolFee(buy.maker, sell.feeRecipient, sell.takerRelayerFee);
            }
        } else {
            /* Buy-side order is maker. */

            /* Assert taker fee is less than or equal to maximum fee specified by seller. */
            require(buy.takerRelayerFee <= sell.takerRelayerFee);

            if (sell.feeMethod == FeeMethod.SplitFee) {
                /* The Exchange does not escrow Ether, so direct Ether can only be used to with sell-side maker / buy-side taker orders. */
                require(sell.paymentToken != address(0));

                /* Assert taker fee is less than or equal to maximum fee specified by seller. */
                require(buy.takerProtocolFee <= sell.takerProtocolFee);

                if (buy.makerRelayerFee > 0) {
                    makerRelayerFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(buy.makerRelayerFee, price), INVERSE_BASIS_POINT);
                    transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, buy.maker, buy.feeRecipient, makerRelayerFee);
                }

                if (buy.takerRelayerFee > 0) {
                    takerRelayerFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(buy.takerRelayerFee, price), INVERSE_BASIS_POINT);
                    transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, sell.maker, buy.feeRecipient, takerRelayerFee);
                }

                if (buy.makerProtocolFee > 0) {
                    makerProtocolFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(buy.makerProtocolFee, price), INVERSE_BASIS_POINT);
                    transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, buy.maker, protocolFeeRecipient, makerProtocolFee);
                }

                if (buy.takerProtocolFee > 0) {
                    takerProtocolFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(buy.takerProtocolFee, price), INVERSE_BASIS_POINT);
                    transferTokens(sell.paymentToken, sell.maker, protocolFeeRecipient, takerProtocolFee);
                }

            } else {
                /* Charge maker fee to buyer. */
                chargeProtocolFee(buy.maker, buy.feeRecipient, buy.makerRelayerFee);
      
                /* Charge taker fee to seller. */
                chargeProtocolFee(sell.maker, buy.feeRecipient, buy.takerRelayerFee);
            }
        }

        if (sell.paymentToken == address(0)) {
            /* Special-case Ether, order must be matched by buyer. */
            require(msg.value >= requiredAmount);
            sell.maker.transfer(receiveAmount);
            /* Allow overshoot for variable-price auctions, refund difference. */
            uint diff = SafeMath.sub(msg.value, requiredAmount);
            if (diff > 0) {
                buy.maker.transfer(diff);
            }
        }

        /* This contract should never hold Ether, however, we cannot assert this, since it is impossible to prevent anyone from sending Ether e.g. with selfdestruct. */

        return price;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return whether or not two orders can be matched with each other by basic parameters (does not check order signatures / calldata or perform static calls)
     * @param buy Buy-side order
     * @param sell Sell-side order
     * @return Whether or not the two orders can be matched
     */
    function ordersCanMatch(Order memory buy, Order memory sell)
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        return (
            /* Must be opposite-side. */
            (buy.side == SaleKindInterface.Side.Buy && sell.side == SaleKindInterface.Side.Sell) &&     
            /* Must use same fee method. */
            (buy.feeMethod == sell.feeMethod) &&
            /* Must use same payment token. */
            (buy.paymentToken == sell.paymentToken) &&
            /* Must match maker/taker addresses. */
            (sell.taker == address(0) || sell.taker == buy.maker) &&
            (buy.taker == address(0) || buy.taker == sell.maker) &&
            /* One must be maker and the other must be taker (no bool XOR in Solidity). */
            ((sell.feeRecipient == address(0) && buy.feeRecipient != address(0)) || (sell.feeRecipient != address(0) && buy.feeRecipient == address(0))) &&
            /* Must match target. */
            (buy.target == sell.target) &&
            /* Must match howToCall. */
            (buy.howToCall == sell.howToCall) &&
            /* Buy-side order must be settleable. */
            SaleKindInterface.canSettleOrder(buy.listingTime, buy.expirationTime) &&
            /* Sell-side order must be settleable. */
            SaleKindInterface.canSettleOrder(sell.listingTime, sell.expirationTime)
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically match two orders, ensuring validity of the match, and execute all associated state transitions. Protected against reentrancy by a contract-global lock.
     * @param buy Buy-side order
     * @param buySig Buy-side order signature
     * @param sell Sell-side order
     * @param sellSig Sell-side order signature
     */
    function atomicMatch(Order memory buy, Sig memory buySig, Order memory sell, Sig memory sellSig, bytes32 metadata)
        internal
        reentrancyGuard
    {
        /* CHECKS */
      
        /* Ensure buy order validity and calculate hash if necessary. */
        bytes32 buyHash;
        if (buy.maker == msg.sender) {
            require(validateOrderParameters(buy));
        } else {
            buyHash = requireValidOrder(buy, buySig);
        }

        /* Ensure sell order validity and calculate hash if necessary. */
        bytes32 sellHash;
        if (sell.maker == msg.sender) {
            require(validateOrderParameters(sell));
        } else {
            sellHash = requireValidOrder(sell, sellSig);
        }
        
        /* Must be matchable. */
        require(ordersCanMatch(buy, sell));

        /* Target must exist (prevent malicious selfdestructs just prior to order settlement). */
        uint size;
        address target = sell.target;
        assembly {
            size := extcodesize(target)
        }
        require(size > 0);
      
        /* Must match calldata after replacement, if specified. */ 
        if (buy.replacementPattern.length > 0) {
          ArrayUtils.guardedArrayReplace(buy.calldata, sell.calldata, buy.replacementPattern);
        }
        if (sell.replacementPattern.length > 0) {
          ArrayUtils.guardedArrayReplace(sell.calldata, buy.calldata, sell.replacementPattern);
        }
        require(ArrayUtils.arrayEq(buy.calldata, sell.calldata));

        /* Retrieve delegateProxy contract. */
        OwnableDelegateProxy delegateProxy = registry.proxies(sell.maker);

        /* Proxy must exist. */
        require(delegateProxy != address(0));

        /* Assert implementation. */
        require(delegateProxy.implementation() == registry.delegateProxyImplementation());

        /* Access the passthrough AuthenticatedProxy. */
        AuthenticatedProxy proxy = AuthenticatedProxy(delegateProxy);

        /* EFFECTS */

        /* Mark previously signed or approved orders as finalized. */
        if (msg.sender != buy.maker) {
            cancelledOrFinalized[buyHash] = true;
        }
        if (msg.sender != sell.maker) {
            cancelledOrFinalized[sellHash] = true;
        }

        /* INTERACTIONS */

        /* Execute funds transfer and pay fees. */
        uint price = executeFundsTransfer(buy, sell);

        /* Execute specified call through proxy. */
        require(proxy.proxy(sell.target, sell.howToCall, sell.calldata));

        /* Static calls are intentionally done after the effectful call so they can check resulting state. */

        /* Handle buy-side static call if specified. */
        if (buy.staticTarget != address(0)) {
            require(staticCall(buy.staticTarget, sell.calldata, buy.staticExtradata));
        }

        /* Handle sell-side static call if specified. */
        if (sell.staticTarget != address(0)) {
            require(staticCall(sell.staticTarget, sell.calldata, sell.staticExtradata));
        }

        /* Log match event. */
        emit OrdersMatched(buyHash, sellHash, sell.feeRecipient != address(0) ? sell.maker : buy.maker, sell.feeRecipient != address(0) ? buy.maker : sell.maker, price, metadata);
    }

}

contract Exchange is ExchangeCore {

    /**
     * @dev Call guardedArrayReplace - library function exposed for testing.
     */
    function guardedArrayReplace(bytes array, bytes desired, bytes mask)
        public
        pure
        returns (bytes)
    {
        ArrayUtils.guardedArrayReplace(array, desired, mask);
        return array;
    }

    /**
     * Test copy byte array
     *
     * @param arrToCopy Array to copy
     * @return byte array
     */
    function testCopy(bytes arrToCopy)
        public
        pure
        returns (bytes)
    {
        bytes memory arr = new bytes(arrToCopy.length);
        uint index;
        assembly {
            index := add(arr, 0x20)
        }
        ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteBytes(index, arrToCopy);
        return arr;
    }

    /**
     * Test write address to bytes
     *
     * @param addr Address to write
     * @return byte array
     */
    function testCopyAddress(address addr)
        public
        pure
        returns (bytes)
    {
        bytes memory arr = new bytes(0x14);
        uint index;
        assembly {
            index := add(arr, 0x20)
        }
        ArrayUtils.unsafeWriteAddress(index, addr);
        return arr;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call calculateFinalPrice - library function exposed for testing.
     */
    function calculateFinalPrice(SaleKindInterface.Side side, SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind, uint basePrice, uint extra, uint listingTime, uint expirationTime)
        public
        view
        returns (uint)
    {
        return SaleKindInterface.calculateFinalPrice(side, saleKind, basePrice, extra, listingTime, expirationTime);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call hashOrder - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function hashOrder_(
        address[7] addrs,
        uint[9] uints,
        FeeMethod feeMethod,
        SaleKindInterface.Side side,
        SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind,
        AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes replacementPattern,
        bytes staticExtradata)
        public
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return hashOrder(
          Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], feeMethod, side, saleKind, addrs[4], howToCall, calldata, replacementPattern, addrs[5], staticExtradata, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8])
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call hashToSign - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function hashToSign_(
        address[7] addrs,
        uint[9] uints,
        FeeMethod feeMethod,
        SaleKindInterface.Side side,
        SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind,
        AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes replacementPattern,
        bytes staticExtradata)
        public
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    { 
        return hashToSign(
          Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], feeMethod, side, saleKind, addrs[4], howToCall, calldata, replacementPattern, addrs[5], staticExtradata, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8])
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call validateOrderParameters - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function validateOrderParameters_ (
        address[7] addrs,
        uint[9] uints,
        FeeMethod feeMethod,
        SaleKindInterface.Side side,
        SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind,
        AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes replacementPattern,
        bytes staticExtradata)
        view
        public
        returns (bool)
    {
        Order memory order = Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], feeMethod, side, saleKind, addrs[4], howToCall, calldata, replacementPattern, addrs[5], staticExtradata, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8]);
        return validateOrderParameters(
          order
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call validateOrder - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function validateOrder_ (
        address[7] addrs,
        uint[9] uints,
        FeeMethod feeMethod,
        SaleKindInterface.Side side,
        SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind,
        AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes replacementPattern,
        bytes staticExtradata,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s)
        view
        public
        returns (bool)
    {
        Order memory order = Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], feeMethod, side, saleKind, addrs[4], howToCall, calldata, replacementPattern, addrs[5], staticExtradata, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8]);
        return validateOrder(
          hashToSign(order),
          order,
          Sig(v, r, s)
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call approveOrder - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function approveOrder_ (
        address[7] addrs,
        uint[9] uints,
        FeeMethod feeMethod,
        SaleKindInterface.Side side,
        SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind,
        AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes replacementPattern,
        bytes staticExtradata,
        bool orderbookInclusionDesired) 
        public
    {
        Order memory order = Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], feeMethod, side, saleKind, addrs[4], howToCall, calldata, replacementPattern, addrs[5], staticExtradata, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8]);
        return approveOrder(order, orderbookInclusionDesired);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call cancelOrder - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function cancelOrder_(
        address[7] addrs,
        uint[9] uints,
        FeeMethod feeMethod,
        SaleKindInterface.Side side,
        SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind,
        AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes replacementPattern,
        bytes staticExtradata,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s)
        public
    {

        return cancelOrder(
          Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], feeMethod, side, saleKind, addrs[4], howToCall, calldata, replacementPattern, addrs[5], staticExtradata, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8]),
          Sig(v, r, s)
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call calculateCurrentPrice - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function calculateCurrentPrice_(
        address[7] addrs,
        uint[9] uints,
        FeeMethod feeMethod,
        SaleKindInterface.Side side,
        SaleKindInterface.SaleKind saleKind,
        AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall howToCall,
        bytes calldata,
        bytes replacementPattern,
        bytes staticExtradata)
        public
        view
        returns (uint)
    {
        return calculateCurrentPrice(
          Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], feeMethod, side, saleKind, addrs[4], howToCall, calldata, replacementPattern, addrs[5], staticExtradata, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8])
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call ordersCanMatch - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function ordersCanMatch_(
        address[14] addrs,
        uint[18] uints,
        uint8[8] feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls,
        bytes calldataBuy,
        bytes calldataSell,
        bytes replacementPatternBuy,
        bytes replacementPatternSell,
        bytes staticExtradataBuy,
        bytes staticExtradataSell)
        public
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        Order memory buy = Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], FeeMethod(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[0]), SaleKindInterface.Side(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[1]), SaleKindInterface.SaleKind(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[2]), addrs[4], AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[3]), calldataBuy, replacementPatternBuy, addrs[5], staticExtradataBuy, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8]);
        Order memory sell = Order(addrs[7], addrs[8], addrs[9], uints[9], uints[10], uints[11], uints[12], addrs[10], FeeMethod(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[4]), SaleKindInterface.Side(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[5]), SaleKindInterface.SaleKind(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[6]), addrs[11], AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[7]), calldataSell, replacementPatternSell, addrs[12], staticExtradataSell, ERC20(addrs[13]), uints[13], uints[14], uints[15], uints[16], uints[17]);
        return ordersCanMatch(
          buy,
          sell
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return whether or not two orders' calldata specifications can match
     * @param buyCalldata Buy-side order calldata
     * @param buyReplacementPattern Buy-side order calldata replacement mask
     * @param sellCalldata Sell-side order calldata
     * @param sellReplacementPattern Sell-side order calldata replacement mask
     * @return Whether the orders' calldata can be matched
     */
    function orderCalldataCanMatch(bytes buyCalldata, bytes buyReplacementPattern, bytes sellCalldata, bytes sellReplacementPattern)
        public
        pure
        returns (bool)
    {
        if (buyReplacementPattern.length > 0) {
          ArrayUtils.guardedArrayReplace(buyCalldata, sellCalldata, buyReplacementPattern);
        }
        if (sellReplacementPattern.length > 0) {
          ArrayUtils.guardedArrayReplace(sellCalldata, buyCalldata, sellReplacementPattern);
        }
        return ArrayUtils.arrayEq(buyCalldata, sellCalldata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call calculateMatchPrice - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function calculateMatchPrice_(
        address[14] addrs,
        uint[18] uints,
        uint8[8] feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls,
        bytes calldataBuy,
        bytes calldataSell,
        bytes replacementPatternBuy,
        bytes replacementPatternSell,
        bytes staticExtradataBuy,
        bytes staticExtradataSell)
        public
        view
        returns (uint)
    {
        Order memory buy = Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], FeeMethod(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[0]), SaleKindInterface.Side(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[1]), SaleKindInterface.SaleKind(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[2]), addrs[4], AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[3]), calldataBuy, replacementPatternBuy, addrs[5], staticExtradataBuy, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8]);
        Order memory sell = Order(addrs[7], addrs[8], addrs[9], uints[9], uints[10], uints[11], uints[12], addrs[10], FeeMethod(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[4]), SaleKindInterface.Side(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[5]), SaleKindInterface.SaleKind(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[6]), addrs[11], AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[7]), calldataSell, replacementPatternSell, addrs[12], staticExtradataSell, ERC20(addrs[13]), uints[13], uints[14], uints[15], uints[16], uints[17]);
        return calculateMatchPrice(
          buy,
          sell
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Call atomicMatch - Solidity ABI encoding limitation workaround, hopefully temporary.
     */
    function atomicMatch_(
        address[14] addrs,
        uint[18] uints,
        uint8[8] feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls,
        bytes calldataBuy,
        bytes calldataSell,
        bytes replacementPatternBuy,
        bytes replacementPatternSell,
        bytes staticExtradataBuy,
        bytes staticExtradataSell,
        uint8[2] vs,
        bytes32[5] rssMetadata)
        public
        payable
    {

        return atomicMatch(
          Order(addrs[0], addrs[1], addrs[2], uints[0], uints[1], uints[2], uints[3], addrs[3], FeeMethod(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[0]), SaleKindInterface.Side(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[1]), SaleKindInterface.SaleKind(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[2]), addrs[4], AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[3]), calldataBuy, replacementPatternBuy, addrs[5], staticExtradataBuy, ERC20(addrs[6]), uints[4], uints[5], uints[6], uints[7], uints[8]),
          Sig(vs[0], rssMetadata[0], rssMetadata[1]),
          Order(addrs[7], addrs[8], addrs[9], uints[9], uints[10], uints[11], uints[12], addrs[10], FeeMethod(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[4]), SaleKindInterface.Side(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[5]), SaleKindInterface.SaleKind(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[6]), addrs[11], AuthenticatedProxy.HowToCall(feeMethodsSidesKindsHowToCalls[7]), calldataSell, replacementPatternSell, addrs[12], staticExtradataSell, ERC20(addrs[13]), uints[13], uints[14], uints[15], uints[16], uints[17]),
          Sig(vs[1], rssMetadata[2], rssMetadata[3]),
          rssMetadata[4]
        );
    }

}

contract WyvernExchange is Exchange {

    string public constant name = "Project Wyvern Exchange";

    string public constant version = "2.2";

    string public constant codename = "Lambton Worm";

    /**
     * @dev Initialize a WyvernExchange instance
     * @param registryAddress Address of the registry instance which this Exchange instance will use
     * @param tokenAddress Address of the token used for protocol fees
     */
    constructor (ProxyRegistry registryAddress, TokenTransferProxy tokenTransferProxyAddress, ERC20 tokenAddress, address protocolFeeAddress) public {
        registry = registryAddress;
        tokenTransferProxy = tokenTransferProxyAddress;
        exchangeToken = tokenAddress;
        protocolFeeRecipient = protocolFeeAddress;
        owner = msg.sender;
    }

}

library SaleKindInterface {

    /**
     * Side: buy or sell.
     */
    enum Side { Buy, Sell }

    /**
     * Currently supported kinds of sale: fixed price, Dutch auction. 
     * English auctions cannot be supported without stronger escrow guarantees.
     * Future interesting options: Vickrey auction, nonlinear Dutch auctions.
     */
    enum SaleKind { FixedPrice, DutchAuction }

    /**
     * @dev Check whether the parameters of a sale are valid
     * @param saleKind Kind of sale
     * @param expirationTime Order expiration time
     * @return Whether the parameters were valid
     */
    function validateParameters(SaleKind saleKind, uint expirationTime)
        pure
        internal
        returns (bool)
    {
        /* Auctions must have a set expiration date. */
        return (saleKind == SaleKind.FixedPrice || expirationTime > 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return whether or not an order can be settled
     * @dev Precondition: parameters have passed validateParameters
     * @param listingTime Order listing time
     * @param expirationTime Order expiration time
     */
    function canSettleOrder(uint listingTime, uint expirationTime)
        view
        internal
        returns (bool)
    {
        return (listingTime < now) && (expirationTime == 0 || now < expirationTime);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculate the settlement price of an order
     * @dev Precondition: parameters have passed validateParameters.
     * @param side Order side
     * @param saleKind Method of sale
     * @param basePrice Order base price
     * @param extra Order extra price data
     * @param listingTime Order listing time
     * @param expirationTime Order expiration time
     */
    function calculateFinalPrice(Side side, SaleKind saleKind, uint basePrice, uint extra, uint listingTime, uint expirationTime)
        view
        internal
        returns (uint finalPrice)
    {
        if (saleKind == SaleKind.FixedPrice) {
            return basePrice;
        } else if (saleKind == SaleKind.DutchAuction) {
            uint diff = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(extra, SafeMath.sub(now, listingTime)), SafeMath.sub(expirationTime, listingTime));
            if (side == Side.Sell) {
                /* Sell-side - start price: basePrice. End price: basePrice - extra. */
                return SafeMath.sub(basePrice, diff);
            } else {
                /* Buy-side - start price: basePrice. End price: basePrice + extra. */
                return SafeMath.add(basePrice, diff);
            }
        }
    }

}

contract ProxyRegistry is Ownable {

    /* DelegateProxy implementation contract. Must be initialized. */
    address public delegateProxyImplementation;

    /* Authenticated proxies by user. */
    mapping(address => OwnableDelegateProxy) public proxies;

    /* Contracts pending access. */
    mapping(address => uint) public pending;

    /* Contracts allowed to call those proxies. */
    mapping(address => bool) public contracts;

    /* Delay period for adding an authenticated contract.
       This mitigates a particular class of potential attack on the Wyvern DAO (which owns this registry) - if at any point the value of assets held by proxy contracts exceeded the value of half the WYV supply (votes in the DAO),
       a malicious but rational attacker could buy half the Wyvern and grant themselves access to all the proxy contracts. A delay period renders this attack nonthreatening - given two weeks, if that happened, users would have
       plenty of time to notice and transfer their assets.
    */
    uint public DELAY_PERIOD = 2 weeks;

    /**
     * Start the process to enable access for specified contract. Subject to delay period.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address to which to grant permissions
     */
    function startGrantAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(!contracts[addr] && pending[addr] == 0);
        pending[addr] = now;
    }

    /**
     * End the process to nable access for specified contract after delay period has passed.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address to which to grant permissions
     */
    function endGrantAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(!contracts[addr] && pending[addr] != 0 && ((pending[addr] + DELAY_PERIOD) < now));
        pending[addr] = 0;
        contracts[addr] = true;
    }

    /**
     * Revoke access for specified contract. Can be done instantly.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address of which to revoke permissions
     */    
    function revokeAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        contracts[addr] = false;
    }

    /**
     * Register a proxy contract with this registry
     *
     * @dev Must be called by the user which the proxy is for, creates a new AuthenticatedProxy
     * @return New AuthenticatedProxy contract
     */
    function registerProxy()
        public
        returns (OwnableDelegateProxy proxy)
    {
        require(proxies[msg.sender] == address(0));
        proxy = new OwnableDelegateProxy(msg.sender, delegateProxyImplementation, abi.encodeWithSignature("initialize(address,address)", msg.sender, address(this)));
        proxies[msg.sender] = proxy;
        return proxy;
    }

}

contract TokenTransferProxy {

    /* Authentication registry. */
    ProxyRegistry public registry;

    /**
     * Call ERC20 `transferFrom`
     *
     * @dev Authenticated contract only
     * @param token ERC20 token address
     * @param from From address
     * @param to To address
     * @param amount Transfer amount
     */
    function transferFrom(address token, address from, address to, uint amount)
        public
        returns (bool)
    {
        require(registry.contracts(msg.sender));
        return ERC20(token).transferFrom(from, to, amount);
    }

}

contract OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {

  // Current implementation
  address internal _implementation;

  // Owner of the contract
  address private _upgradeabilityOwner;

  /**
   * @dev Tells the address of the owner
   * @return the address of the owner
   */
  function upgradeabilityOwner() public view returns (address) {
    return _upgradeabilityOwner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Sets the address of the owner
   */
  function setUpgradeabilityOwner(address newUpgradeabilityOwner) internal {
    _upgradeabilityOwner = newUpgradeabilityOwner;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Tells the address of the current implementation
  * @return address of the current implementation
  */
  function implementation() public view returns (address) {
    return _implementation;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Tells the proxy type (EIP 897)
  * @return Proxy type, 2 for forwarding proxy
  */
  function proxyType() public pure returns (uint256 proxyTypeId) {
    return 2;
  }
}

contract AuthenticatedProxy is TokenRecipient, OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {

    /* Whether initialized. */
    bool initialized = false;

    /* Address which owns this proxy. */
    address public user;

    /* Associated registry with contract authentication information. */
    ProxyRegistry public registry;

    /* Whether access has been revoked. */
    bool public revoked;

    /* Delegate call could be used to atomically transfer multiple assets owned by the proxy contract with one order. */
    enum HowToCall { Call, DelegateCall }

    /* Event fired when the proxy access is revoked or unrevoked. */
    event Revoked(bool revoked);

    /**
     * Initialize an AuthenticatedProxy
     *
     * @param addrUser Address of user on whose behalf this proxy will act
     * @param addrRegistry Address of ProxyRegistry contract which will manage this proxy
     */
    function initialize (address addrUser, ProxyRegistry addrRegistry)
        public
    {
        require(!initialized);
        initialized = true;
        user = addrUser;
        registry = addrRegistry;
    }

    /**
     * Set the revoked flag (allows a user to revoke ProxyRegistry access)
     *
     * @dev Can be called by the user only
     * @param revoke Whether or not to revoke access
     */
    function setRevoke(bool revoke)
        public
    {
        require(msg.sender == user);
        revoked = revoke;
        emit Revoked(revoke);
    }

    /**
     * Execute a message call from the proxy contract
     *
     * @dev Can be called by the user, or by a contract authorized by the registry as long as the user has not revoked access
     * @param dest Address to which the call will be sent
     * @param howToCall Which kind of call to make
     * @param calldata Calldata to send
     * @return Result of the call (success or failure)
     */
    function proxy(address dest, HowToCall howToCall, bytes calldata)
        public
        returns (bool result)
    {
        require(msg.sender == user || (!revoked && registry.contracts(msg.sender)));
        if (howToCall == HowToCall.Call) {
            result = dest.call(calldata);
        } else if (howToCall == HowToCall.DelegateCall) {
            result = dest.delegatecall(calldata);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Execute a message call and assert success
     * 
     * @dev Same functionality as `proxy`, just asserts the return value
     * @param dest Address to which the call will be sent
     * @param howToCall What kind of call to make
     * @param calldata Calldata to send
     */
    function proxyAssert(address dest, HowToCall howToCall, bytes calldata)
        public
    {
        require(proxy(dest, howToCall, calldata));
    }

}

contract Proxy {

  /**
  * @dev Tells the address of the implementation where every call will be delegated.
  * @return address of the implementation to which it will be delegated
  */
  function implementation() public view returns (address);

  /**
  * @dev Tells the type of proxy (EIP 897)
  * @return Type of proxy, 2 for upgradeable proxy
  */
  function proxyType() public pure returns (uint256 proxyTypeId);

  /**
  * @dev Fallback function allowing to perform a delegatecall to the given implementation.
  * This function will return whatever the implementation call returns
  */
  function () payable public {
    address _impl = implementation();
    require(_impl != address(0));

    assembly {
      let ptr := mload(0x40)
      calldatacopy(ptr, 0, calldatasize)
      let result := delegatecall(gas, _impl, ptr, calldatasize, 0, 0)
      let size := returndatasize
      returndatacopy(ptr, 0, size)

      switch result
      case 0 { revert(ptr, size) }
      default { return(ptr, size) }
    }
  }
}

contract OwnedUpgradeabilityProxy is Proxy, OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {
  /**
  * @dev Event to show ownership has been transferred
  * @param previousOwner representing the address of the previous owner
  * @param newOwner representing the address of the new owner
  */
  event ProxyOwnershipTransferred(address previousOwner, address newOwner);

  /**
  * @dev This event will be emitted every time the implementation gets upgraded
  * @param implementation representing the address of the upgraded implementation
  */
  event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

  /**
  * @dev Upgrades the implementation address
  * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set
  */
  function _upgradeTo(address implementation) internal {
    require(_implementation != implementation);
    _implementation = implementation;
    emit Upgraded(implementation);
  }

  /**
  * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
  */
  modifier onlyProxyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == proxyOwner());
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Tells the address of the proxy owner
   * @return the address of the proxy owner
   */
  function proxyOwner() public view returns (address) {
    return upgradeabilityOwner();
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferProxyOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyProxyOwner {
    require(newOwner != address(0));
    emit ProxyOwnershipTransferred(proxyOwner(), newOwner);
    setUpgradeabilityOwner(newOwner);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the upgradeability owner to upgrade the current implementation of the proxy.
   * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set.
   */
  function upgradeTo(address implementation) public onlyProxyOwner {
    _upgradeTo(implementation);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the upgradeability owner to upgrade the current implementation of the proxy
   * and delegatecall the new implementation for initialization.
   * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set.
   * @param data represents the msg.data to bet sent in the low level call. This parameter may include the function
   * signature of the implementation to be called with the needed payload
   */
  function upgradeToAndCall(address implementation, bytes data) payable public onlyProxyOwner {
    upgradeTo(implementation);
    require(address(this).delegatecall(data));
  }
}

contract OwnableDelegateProxy is OwnedUpgradeabilityProxy {

    constructor(address owner, address initialImplementation, bytes calldata)
        public
    {
        setUpgradeabilityOwner(owner);
        _upgradeTo(initialImplementation);
        require(initialImplementation.delegatecall(calldata));
    }

}

pragma solidity ^0.5.5;

library strings {
    struct slice {
        uint _len;
        uint _ptr;
    }

    function memcpy(uint dest, uint src, uint len) private pure {
        // Copy word-length chunks while possible
        for(; len >= 32; len -= 32) {
            assembly {
                mstore(dest, mload(src))
            }
            dest += 32;
            src += 32;
        }

        // Copy remaining bytes
        uint mask = 256 ** (32 - len) - 1;
        assembly {
            let srcpart := and(mload(src), not(mask))
            let destpart := and(mload(dest), mask)
            mstore(dest, or(destpart, srcpart))
        }
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns a slice containing the entire string.
     * @param self The string to make a slice from.
     * @return A newly allocated slice containing the entire string.
     */
    function toSlice(string memory self) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        uint ptr;
        assembly {
            ptr := add(self, 0x20)
        }
        return slice(bytes(self).length, ptr);
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns the length of a null-terminated bytes32 string.
     * @param self The value to find the length of.
     * @return The length of the string, from 0 to 32.
     */
    function len(bytes32 self) internal pure returns (uint) {
        uint ret;
        if (self == 0)
            return 0;
        if (uint(self) & 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff == 0) {
            ret += 16;
            self = bytes32(uint(self) / 0x100000000000000000000000000000000);
        }
        if (uint(self) & 0xffffffffffffffff == 0) {
            ret += 8;
            self = bytes32(uint(self) / 0x10000000000000000);
        }
        if (uint(self) & 0xffffffff == 0) {
            ret += 4;
            self = bytes32(uint(self) / 0x100000000);
        }
        if (uint(self) & 0xffff == 0) {
            ret += 2;
            self = bytes32(uint(self) / 0x10000);
        }
        if (uint(self) & 0xff == 0) {
            ret += 1;
        }
        return 32 - ret;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns a slice containing the entire bytes32, interpreted as a
     *      null-terminated utf-8 string.
     * @param self The bytes32 value to convert to a slice.
     * @return A new slice containing the value of the input argument up to the
     *         first null.
     */
    function toSliceB32(bytes32 self) internal pure returns (slice memory ret) {
        // Allocate space for `self` in memory, copy it there, and point ret at it
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(0x40, add(ptr, 0x20))
            mstore(ptr, self)
            mstore(add(ret, 0x20), ptr)
        }
        ret._len = len(self);
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns a new slice containing the same data as the current slice.
     * @param self The slice to copy.
     * @return A new slice containing the same data as `self`.
     */
    function copy(slice memory self) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        return slice(self._len, self._ptr);
    }

    /*
     * @dev Copies a slice to a new string.
     * @param self The slice to copy.
     * @return A newly allocated string containing the slice's text.
     */
    function toString(slice memory self) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        string memory ret = new string(self._len);
        uint retptr;
        assembly { retptr := add(ret, 32) }

        memcpy(retptr, self._ptr, self._len);
        return ret;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns the length in runes of the slice. Note that this operation
     *      takes time proportional to the length of the slice; avoid using it
     *      in loops, and call `slice.empty()` if you only need to know whether
     *      the slice is empty or not.
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @return The length of the slice in runes.
     */
    function len(slice memory self) internal pure returns (uint l) {
        // Starting at ptr-31 means the LSB will be the byte we care about
        uint ptr = self._ptr - 31;
        uint end = ptr + self._len;
        for (l = 0; ptr < end; l++) {
            uint8 b;
            assembly { b := and(mload(ptr), 0xFF) }
            if (b < 0x80) {
                ptr += 1;
            } else if(b < 0xE0) {
                ptr += 2;
            } else if(b < 0xF0) {
                ptr += 3;
            } else if(b < 0xF8) {
                ptr += 4;
            } else if(b < 0xFC) {
                ptr += 5;
            } else {
                ptr += 6;
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns true if the slice is empty (has a length of 0).
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @return True if the slice is empty, False otherwise.
     */
    function empty(slice memory self) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return self._len == 0;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns a positive number if `other` comes lexicographically after
     *      `self`, a negative number if it comes before, or zero if the
     *      contents of the two slices are equal. Comparison is done per-rune,
     *      on unicode codepoints.
     * @param self The first slice to compare.
     * @param other The second slice to compare.
     * @return The result of the comparison.
     */
    function compare(slice memory self, slice memory other) internal pure returns (int) {
        uint shortest = self._len;
        if (other._len < self._len)
            shortest = other._len;

        uint selfptr = self._ptr;
        uint otherptr = other._ptr;
        for (uint idx = 0; idx < shortest; idx += 32) {
            uint a;
            uint b;
            assembly {
                a := mload(selfptr)
                b := mload(otherptr)
            }
            if (a != b) {
                // Mask out irrelevant bytes and check again
                uint256 mask = uint256(-1); // 0xffff...
                if(shortest < 32) {
                  mask = ~(2 ** (8 * (32 - shortest + idx)) - 1);
                }
                uint256 diff = (a & mask) - (b & mask);
                if (diff != 0)
                    return int(diff);
            }
            selfptr += 32;
            otherptr += 32;
        }
        return int(self._len) - int(other._len);
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns true if the two slices contain the same text.
     * @param self The first slice to compare.
     * @param self The second slice to compare.
     * @return True if the slices are equal, false otherwise.
     */
    function equals(slice memory self, slice memory other) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return compare(self, other) == 0;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Extracts the first rune in the slice into `rune`, advancing the
     *      slice to point to the next rune and returning `self`.
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @param rune The slice that will contain the first rune.
     * @return `rune`.
     */
    function nextRune(slice memory self, slice memory rune) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        rune._ptr = self._ptr;

        if (self._len == 0) {
            rune._len = 0;
            return rune;
        }

        uint l;
        uint b;
        // Load the first byte of the rune into the LSBs of b
        assembly { b := and(mload(sub(mload(add(self, 32)), 31)), 0xFF) }
        if (b < 0x80) {
            l = 1;
        } else if(b < 0xE0) {
            l = 2;
        } else if(b < 0xF0) {
            l = 3;
        } else {
            l = 4;
        }

        // Check for truncated codepoints
        if (l > self._len) {
            rune._len = self._len;
            self._ptr += self._len;
            self._len = 0;
            return rune;
        }

        self._ptr += l;
        self._len -= l;
        rune._len = l;
        return rune;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns the first rune in the slice, advancing the slice to point
     *      to the next rune.
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @return A slice containing only the first rune from `self`.
     */
    function nextRune(slice memory self) internal pure returns (slice memory ret) {
        nextRune(self, ret);
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns the number of the first codepoint in the slice.
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @return The number of the first codepoint in the slice.
     */
    function ord(slice memory self) internal pure returns (uint ret) {
        if (self._len == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        uint word;
        uint length;
        uint divisor = 2 ** 248;

        // Load the rune into the MSBs of b
        assembly { word:= mload(mload(add(self, 32))) }
        uint b = word / divisor;
        if (b < 0x80) {
            ret = b;
            length = 1;
        } else if(b < 0xE0) {
            ret = b & 0x1F;
            length = 2;
        } else if(b < 0xF0) {
            ret = b & 0x0F;
            length = 3;
        } else {
            ret = b & 0x07;
            length = 4;
        }

        // Check for truncated codepoints
        if (length > self._len) {
            return 0;
        }

        for (uint i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            divisor = divisor / 256;
            b = (word / divisor) & 0xFF;
            if (b & 0xC0 != 0x80) {
                // Invalid UTF-8 sequence
                return 0;
            }
            ret = (ret * 64) | (b & 0x3F);
        }

        return ret;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns the keccak-256 hash of the slice.
     * @param self The slice to hash.
     * @return The hash of the slice.
     */
    function keccak(slice memory self) internal pure returns (bytes32 ret) {
        assembly {
            ret := keccak256(mload(add(self, 32)), mload(self))
        }
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns true if `self` starts with `needle`.
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @param needle The slice to search for.
     * @return True if the slice starts with the provided text, false otherwise.
     */
    function startsWith(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (bool) {
        if (self._len < needle._len) {
            return false;
        }

        if (self._ptr == needle._ptr) {
            return true;
        }

        bool equal;
        assembly {
            let length := mload(needle)
            let selfptr := mload(add(self, 0x20))
            let needleptr := mload(add(needle, 0x20))
            equal := eq(keccak256(selfptr, length), keccak256(needleptr, length))
        }
        return equal;
    }

    /*
     * @dev If `self` starts with `needle`, `needle` is removed from the
     *      beginning of `self`. Otherwise, `self` is unmodified.
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @param needle The slice to search for.
     * @return `self`
     */
    function beyond(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        if (self._len < needle._len) {
            return self;
        }

        bool equal = true;
        if (self._ptr != needle._ptr) {
            assembly {
                let length := mload(needle)
                let selfptr := mload(add(self, 0x20))
                let needleptr := mload(add(needle, 0x20))
                equal := eq(keccak256(selfptr, length), keccak256(needleptr, length))
            }
        }

        if (equal) {
            self._len -= needle._len;
            self._ptr += needle._len;
        }

        return self;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns true if the slice ends with `needle`.
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @param needle The slice to search for.
     * @return True if the slice starts with the provided text, false otherwise.
     */
    function endsWith(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (bool) {
        if (self._len < needle._len) {
            return false;
        }

        uint selfptr = self._ptr + self._len - needle._len;

        if (selfptr == needle._ptr) {
            return true;
        }

        bool equal;
        assembly {
            let length := mload(needle)
            let needleptr := mload(add(needle, 0x20))
            equal := eq(keccak256(selfptr, length), keccak256(needleptr, length))
        }

        return equal;
    }

    /*
     * @dev If `self` ends with `needle`, `needle` is removed from the
     *      end of `self`. Otherwise, `self` is unmodified.
     * @param self The slice to operate on.
     * @param needle The slice to search for.
     * @return `self`
     */
    function until(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        if (self._len < needle._len) {
            return self;
        }

        uint selfptr = self._ptr + self._len - needle._len;
        bool equal = true;
        if (selfptr != needle._ptr) {
            assembly {
                let length := mload(needle)
                let needleptr := mload(add(needle, 0x20))
                equal := eq(keccak256(selfptr, length), keccak256(needleptr, length))
            }
        }

        if (equal) {
            self._len -= needle._len;
        }

        return self;
    }

    // Returns the memory address of the first byte of the first occurrence of
    // `needle` in `self`, or the first byte after `self` if not found.
    function findPtr(uint selflen, uint selfptr, uint needlelen, uint needleptr) private pure returns (uint) {
        uint ptr = selfptr;
        uint idx;

        if (needlelen <= selflen) {
            if (needlelen <= 32) {
                bytes32 mask = bytes32(~(2 ** (8 * (32 - needlelen)) - 1));

                bytes32 needledata;
                assembly { needledata := and(mload(needleptr), mask) }

                uint end = selfptr + selflen - needlelen;
                bytes32 ptrdata;
                assembly { ptrdata := and(mload(ptr), mask) }

                while (ptrdata != needledata) {
                    if (ptr >= end)
                        return selfptr + selflen;
                    ptr++;
                    assembly { ptrdata := and(mload(ptr), mask) }
                }
                return ptr;
            } else {
                // For long needles, use hashing
                bytes32 hash;
                assembly { hash := keccak256(needleptr, needlelen) }

                for (idx = 0; idx <= selflen - needlelen; idx++) {
                    bytes32 testHash;
                    assembly { testHash := keccak256(ptr, needlelen) }
                    if (hash == testHash)
                        return ptr;
                    ptr += 1;
                }
            }
        }
        return selfptr + selflen;
    }

    // Returns the memory address of the first byte after the last occurrence of
    // `needle` in `self`, or the address of `self` if not found.
    function rfindPtr(uint selflen, uint selfptr, uint needlelen, uint needleptr) private pure returns (uint) {
        uint ptr;

        if (needlelen <= selflen) {
            if (needlelen <= 32) {
                bytes32 mask = bytes32(~(2 ** (8 * (32 - needlelen)) - 1));

                bytes32 needledata;
                assembly { needledata := and(mload(needleptr), mask) }

                ptr = selfptr + selflen - needlelen;
                bytes32 ptrdata;
                assembly { ptrdata := and(mload(ptr), mask) }

                while (ptrdata != needledata) {
                    if (ptr <= selfptr)
                        return selfptr;
                    ptr--;
                    assembly { ptrdata := and(mload(ptr), mask) }
                }
                return ptr + needlelen;
            } else {
                // For long needles, use hashing
                bytes32 hash;
                assembly { hash := keccak256(needleptr, needlelen) }
                ptr = selfptr + (selflen - needlelen);
                while (ptr >= selfptr) {
                    bytes32 testHash;
                    assembly { testHash := keccak256(ptr, needlelen) }
                    if (hash == testHash)
                        return ptr + needlelen;
                    ptr -= 1;
                }
            }
        }
        return selfptr;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Modifies `self` to contain everything from the first occurrence of
     *      `needle` to the end of the slice. `self` is set to the empty slice
     *      if `needle` is not found.
     * @param self The slice to search and modify.
     * @param needle The text to search for.
     * @return `self`.
     */
    function find(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        uint ptr = findPtr(self._len, self._ptr, needle._len, needle._ptr);
        self._len -= ptr - self._ptr;
        self._ptr = ptr;
        return self;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Modifies `self` to contain the part of the string from the start of
     *      `self` to the end of the first occurrence of `needle`. If `needle`
     *      is not found, `self` is set to the empty slice.
     * @param self The slice to search and modify.
     * @param needle The text to search for.
     * @return `self`.
     */
    function rfind(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        uint ptr = rfindPtr(self._len, self._ptr, needle._len, needle._ptr);
        self._len = ptr - self._ptr;
        return self;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Splits the slice, setting `self` to everything after the first
     *      occurrence of `needle`, and `token` to everything before it. If
     *      `needle` does not occur in `self`, `self` is set to the empty slice,
     *      and `token` is set to the entirety of `self`.
     * @param self The slice to split.
     * @param needle The text to search for in `self`.
     * @param token An output parameter to which the first token is written.
     * @return `token`.
     */
    function split(slice memory self, slice memory needle, slice memory token) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        uint ptr = findPtr(self._len, self._ptr, needle._len, needle._ptr);
        token._ptr = self._ptr;
        token._len = ptr - self._ptr;
        if (ptr == self._ptr + self._len) {
            // Not found
            self._len = 0;
        } else {
            self._len -= token._len + needle._len;
            self._ptr = ptr + needle._len;
        }
        return token;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Splits the slice, setting `self` to everything after the first
     *      occurrence of `needle`, and returning everything before it. If
     *      `needle` does not occur in `self`, `self` is set to the empty slice,
     *      and the entirety of `self` is returned.
     * @param self The slice to split.
     * @param needle The text to search for in `self`.
     * @return The part of `self` up to the first occurrence of `delim`.
     */
    function split(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (slice memory token) {
        split(self, needle, token);
    }

    /*
     * @dev Splits the slice, setting `self` to everything before the last
     *      occurrence of `needle`, and `token` to everything after it. If
     *      `needle` does not occur in `self`, `self` is set to the empty slice,
     *      and `token` is set to the entirety of `self`.
     * @param self The slice to split.
     * @param needle The text to search for in `self`.
     * @param token An output parameter to which the first token is written.
     * @return `token`.
     */
    function rsplit(slice memory self, slice memory needle, slice memory token) internal pure returns (slice memory) {
        uint ptr = rfindPtr(self._len, self._ptr, needle._len, needle._ptr);
        token._ptr = ptr;
        token._len = self._len - (ptr - self._ptr);
        if (ptr == self._ptr) {
            // Not found
            self._len = 0;
        } else {
            self._len -= token._len + needle._len;
        }
        return token;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Splits the slice, setting `self` to everything before the last
     *      occurrence of `needle`, and returning everything after it. If
     *      `needle` does not occur in `self`, `self` is set to the empty slice,
     *      and the entirety of `self` is returned.
     * @param self The slice to split.
     * @param needle The text to search for in `self`.
     * @return The part of `self` after the last occurrence of `delim`.
     */
    function rsplit(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (slice memory token) {
        rsplit(self, needle, token);
    }

    /*
     * @dev Counts the number of nonoverlapping occurrences of `needle` in `self`.
     * @param self The slice to search.
     * @param needle The text to search for in `self`.
     * @return The number of occurrences of `needle` found in `self`.
     */
    function count(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (uint cnt) {
        uint ptr = findPtr(self._len, self._ptr, needle._len, needle._ptr) + needle._len;
        while (ptr <= self._ptr + self._len) {
            cnt++;
            ptr = findPtr(self._len - (ptr - self._ptr), ptr, needle._len, needle._ptr) + needle._len;
        }
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns True if `self` contains `needle`.
     * @param self The slice to search.
     * @param needle The text to search for in `self`.
     * @return True if `needle` is found in `self`, false otherwise.
     */
    function contains(slice memory self, slice memory needle) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return rfindPtr(self._len, self._ptr, needle._len, needle._ptr) != self._ptr;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Returns a newly allocated string containing the concatenation of
     *      `self` and `other`.
     * @param self The first slice to concatenate.
     * @param other The second slice to concatenate.
     * @return The concatenation of the two strings.
     */
    function concat(slice memory self, slice memory other) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        string memory ret = new string(self._len + other._len);
        uint retptr;
        assembly { retptr := add(ret, 32) }
        memcpy(retptr, self._ptr, self._len);
        memcpy(retptr + self._len, other._ptr, other._len);
        return ret;
    }

    /*
     * @dev Joins an array of slices, using `self` as a delimiter, returning a
     *      newly allocated string.
     * @param self The delimiter to use.
     * @param parts A list of slices to join.
     * @return A newly allocated string containing all the slices in `parts`,
     *         joined with `self`.
     */
    function join(slice memory self, slice[] memory parts) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (parts.length == 0)
            return "";

        uint length = self._len * (parts.length - 1);
        for(uint i = 0; i < parts.length; i++)
            length += parts[i]._len;

        string memory ret = new string(length);
        uint retptr;
        assembly { retptr := add(ret, 32) }

        for(uint i = 0; i < parts.length; i++) {
            memcpy(retptr, parts[i]._ptr, parts[i]._len);
            retptr += parts[i]._len;
            if (i < parts.length - 1) {
                memcpy(retptr, self._ptr, self._len);
                retptr += self._len;
            }
        }

        return ret;
    }
}

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}


/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
contract IERC721 is IERC165 {
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of NFTs in `owner`'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the NFT specified by `tokenId`.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a specific NFT (`tokenId`) from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     *
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - `from`, `to` cannot be zero.
     * - `tokenId` must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been allowed to move this
     * NFT by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public;
    /**
     * @dev Transfers a specific NFT (`tokenId`) from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this NFT by
     * either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public;
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public;
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address operator);

    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) public;
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view returns (bool);


    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) public;
}


/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {
    function name() external view returns (string memory);
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}

/*
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with GSN meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
contract Context {
    // Empty internal constructor, to prevent people from mistakenly deploying
    // an instance of this contract, which should be used via inheritance.
    constructor () internal { }
    // solhint-disable-previous-line no-empty-blocks

    function _msgSender() internal view returns (address payable) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
        return msg.data;
    }
}

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional enumeration extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract IERC721Enumerable is IERC721 {
    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256);
    function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) public view returns (uint256 tokenId);

    function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) public view returns (uint256);
}

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
contract IERC721Receiver {
    /**
     * @notice Handle the receipt of an NFT
     * @dev The ERC721 smart contract calls this function on the recipient
     * after a {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}. This function MUST return the function selector,
     * otherwise the caller will revert the transaction. The selector to be
     * returned can be obtained as `this.onERC721Received.selector`. This
     * function MAY throw to revert and reject the transfer.
     * Note: the ERC721 contract address is always the message sender.
     * @param operator The address which called `safeTransferFrom` function
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param tokenId The NFT identifier which is being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return bytes4 `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`
     */
    function onERC721Received(address operator, address from, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data)
    public returns (bytes4);
}

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Arithmetic operations in Solidity wrap on overflow. This can easily result
 * in bugs, because programmers usually assume that an overflow raises an
 * error, which is the standard behavior in high level programming languages.
 * `SafeMath` restores this intuition by reverting the transaction when an
 * operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Addition cannot overflow.
     */
    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 c = a + b;
        require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return sub(a, b, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a feature of the next version of OpenZeppelin Contracts.
     * @dev Get it via `npm install @openzeppelin/contracts@next`.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b <= a, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a - b;

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
     */
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
        // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
        // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        uint256 c = a * b;
        require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return div(a, b, "SafeMath: division by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts with custom message on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.

     * NOTE: This is a feature of the next version of OpenZeppelin Contracts.
     * @dev Get it via `npm install @openzeppelin/contracts@next`.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Solidity only automatically asserts when dividing by 0
        require(b > 0, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a / b;
        // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mod(a, b, "SafeMath: modulo by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts with custom message when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a feature of the next version of OpenZeppelin Contracts.
     * @dev Get it via `npm install @openzeppelin/contracts@next`.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b != 0, errorMessage);
        return a % b;
    }
}

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * This test is non-exhaustive, and there may be false-negatives: during the
     * execution of a contract's constructor, its address will be reported as
     * not containing a contract.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this
     * function returns false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a
     * contract.
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies in extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
        // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
        // constructor execution.

        // According to EIP-1052, 0x0 is the value returned for not-yet created accounts
        // and 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470 is returned
        // for accounts without code, i.e. `keccak256('')`
        bytes32 codehash;
        bytes32 accountHash = 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470;
        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly { codehash := extcodehash(account) }
        return (codehash != 0x0 && codehash != accountHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` into `address payable`. Note that this is
     * simply a type cast: the actual underlying value is not changed.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a feature of the next version of OpenZeppelin Contracts.
     * @dev Get it via `npm install @openzeppelin/contracts@next`.
     */
    function toPayable(address account) internal pure returns (address payable) {
        return address(uint160(account));
    }
}

/**
 * @title Counters
 * @author Matt Condon (@shrugs)
 * @dev Provides counters that can only be incremented or decremented by one. This can be used e.g. to track the number
 * of elements in a mapping, issuing ERC721 ids, or counting request ids.
 *
 * Include with `using Counters for Counters.Counter;`
 * Since it is not possible to overflow a 256 bit integer with increments of one, `increment` can skip the {SafeMath}
 * overflow check, thereby saving gas. This does assume however correct usage, in that the underlying `_value` is never
 * directly accessed.
 */
library Counters {
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    struct Counter {
        // This variable should never be directly accessed by users of the library: interactions must be restricted to
        // the library's function. As of Solidity v0.5.2, this cannot be enforced, though there is a proposal to add
        // this feature: see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/4637
        uint256 _value; // default: 0
    }

    function current(Counter storage counter) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return counter._value;
    }

    function increment(Counter storage counter) internal {
        // The {SafeMath} overflow check can be skipped here, see the comment at the top
        counter._value += 1;
    }

    function decrement(Counter storage counter) internal {
        counter._value = counter._value.sub(1);
    }
}

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts may inherit from this and call {_registerInterface} to declare
 * their support of an interface.
 */
contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /*
     * bytes4(keccak256('supportsInterface(bytes4)')) == 0x01ffc9a7
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC165 = 0x01ffc9a7;

    /**
     * @dev Mapping of interface ids to whether or not it's supported.
     */
    mapping(bytes4 => bool) private _supportedInterfaces;

    constructor () internal {
        // Derived contracts need only register support for their own interfaces,
        // we register support for ERC165 itself here
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC165);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     *
     * Time complexity O(1), guaranteed to always use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool) {
        return _supportedInterfaces[interfaceId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Registers the contract as an implementer of the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. Support of the actual ERC165 interface is automatic and
     * registering its interface id is not required.
     *
     * See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `interfaceId` cannot be the ERC165 invalid interface (`0xffffffff`).
     */
    function _registerInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) internal {
        require(interfaceId != 0xffffffff, "ERC165: invalid interface id");
        _supportedInterfaces[interfaceId] = true;
    }
}

/**
 * @title ERC721 Non-Fungible Token Standard basic implementation
 * @dev see https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721 {
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    using Address for address;
    using Counters for Counters.Counter;

    // Equals to `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`
    // which can be also obtained as `IERC721Receiver(0).onERC721Received.selector`
    bytes4 private constant _ERC721_RECEIVED = 0x150b7a02;

    // Mapping from token ID to owner
    mapping (uint256 => address) private _tokenOwner;

    // Mapping from token ID to approved address
    mapping (uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;

    // Mapping from owner to number of owned token
    mapping (address => Counters.Counter) private _ownedTokensCount;

    // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
    mapping (address => mapping (address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    /*
     *     bytes4(keccak256('balanceOf(address)')) == 0x70a08231
     *     bytes4(keccak256('ownerOf(uint256)')) == 0x6352211e
     *     bytes4(keccak256('approve(address,uint256)')) == 0x095ea7b3
     *     bytes4(keccak256('getApproved(uint256)')) == 0x081812fc
     *     bytes4(keccak256('setApprovalForAll(address,bool)')) == 0xa22cb465
     *     bytes4(keccak256('isApprovedForAll(address,address)')) == 0xe985e9c5
     *     bytes4(keccak256('transferFrom(address,address,uint256)')) == 0x23b872dd
     *     bytes4(keccak256('safeTransferFrom(address,address,uint256)')) == 0x42842e0e
     *     bytes4(keccak256('safeTransferFrom(address,address,uint256,bytes)')) == 0xb88d4fde
     *
     *     => 0x70a08231 ^ 0x6352211e ^ 0x095ea7b3 ^ 0x081812fc ^
     *        0xa22cb465 ^ 0xe985e9c ^ 0x23b872dd ^ 0x42842e0e ^ 0xb88d4fde == 0x80ac58cd
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC721 = 0x80ac58cd;

    constructor () public {
        // register the supported interfaces to conform to ERC721 via ERC165
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC721);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the balance of the specified address.
     * @param owner address to query the balance of
     * @return uint256 representing the amount owned by the passed address
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: balance query for the zero address");

        return _ownedTokensCount[owner].current();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the owner of the specified token ID.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the owner of
     * @return address currently marked as the owner of the given token ID
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address) {
        address owner = _tokenOwner[tokenId];
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token");

        return owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approves another address to transfer the given token ID
     * The zero address indicates there is no approved address.
     * There can only be one approved address per token at a given time.
     * Can only be called by the token owner or an approved operator.
     * @param to address to be approved for the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be approved
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);
        require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");

        require(_msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),
            "ERC721: approve caller is not owner nor approved for all"
        );

        _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
        emit Approval(owner, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the approved address for a token ID, or zero if no address set
     * Reverts if the token ID does not exist.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the approval of
     * @return address currently approved for the given token ID
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: approved query for nonexistent token");

        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets or unsets the approval of a given operator
     * An operator is allowed to transfer all tokens of the sender on their behalf.
     * @param to operator address to set the approval
     * @param approved representing the status of the approval to be set
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address to, bool approved) public {
        require(to != _msgSender(), "ERC721: approve to caller");

        _operatorApprovals[_msgSender()][to] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), to, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tells whether an operator is approved by a given owner.
     * @param owner owner address which you want to query the approval of
     * @param operator operator address which you want to query the approval of
     * @return bool whether the given operator is approved by the given owner
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address.
     * Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator.
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");

        _transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received},
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received},
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the _msgSender() to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) public {
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, _data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) internal {
        _transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the specified token exists.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the existence of
     * @return bool whether the token exists
     */
    function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view returns (bool) {
        address owner = _tokenOwner[tokenId];
        return owner != address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the given spender can transfer a given token ID.
     * @param spender address of the spender to query
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @return bool whether the msg.sender is approved for the given token ID,
     * is an operator of the owner, or is the owner of the token
     */
    function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view returns (bool) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: operator query for nonexistent token");
        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);
        return (spender == owner || getApproved(tokenId) == spender || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to safely mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * @param to The address that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to safely mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * @param to The address that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) internal {
        _mint(to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * @param to The address that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");
        require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");

        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = to;
        _ownedTokensCount[to].increment();

        emit Transfer(address(0), to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * Deprecated, use {_burn} instead.
     * @param owner owner of the token to burn
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned
     */
    function _burn(address owner, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(ownerOf(tokenId) == owner, "ERC721: burn of token that is not own");

        _clearApproval(tokenId);

        _ownedTokensCount[owner].decrement();
        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = address(0);

        emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal {
        _burn(ownerOf(tokenId), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to transfer ownership of a given token ID to another address.
     * As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function _transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer of token that is not own");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");

        _clearApproval(tokenId);

        _ownedTokensCount[from].decrement();
        _ownedTokensCount[to].increment();

        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.
     * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
     *
     * This function is deprecated.
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes optional data to send along with the call
     * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
     */
    function _checkOnERC721Received(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data)
        internal returns (bool)
    {
        if (!to.isContract()) {
            return true;
        }

        bytes4 retval = IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, _data);
        return (retval == _ERC721_RECEIVED);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to clear current approval of a given token ID.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function _clearApproval(uint256 tokenId) private {
        if (_tokenApprovals[tokenId] != address(0)) {
            _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = address(0);
        }
    }
}

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token with optional enumeration extension logic
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract ERC721Enumerable is Context, ERC165, ERC721, IERC721Enumerable {
    // Mapping from owner to list of owned token IDs
    mapping(address => uint256[]) private _ownedTokens;

    // Mapping from token ID to index of the owner tokens list
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _ownedTokensIndex;

    // Array with all token ids, used for enumeration
    uint256[] private _allTokens;

    // Mapping from token id to position in the allTokens array
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _allTokensIndex;

    /*
     *     bytes4(keccak256('totalSupply()')) == 0x18160ddd
     *     bytes4(keccak256('tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address,uint256)')) == 0x2f745c59
     *     bytes4(keccak256('tokenByIndex(uint256)')) == 0x4f6ccce7
     *
     *     => 0x18160ddd ^ 0x2f745c59 ^ 0x4f6ccce7 == 0x780e9d63
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC721_ENUMERABLE = 0x780e9d63;

    /**
     * @dev Constructor function.
     */
    constructor () public {
        // register the supported interface to conform to ERC721Enumerable via ERC165
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC721_ENUMERABLE);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the token ID at a given index of the tokens list of the requested owner.
     * @param owner address owning the tokens list to be accessed
     * @param index uint256 representing the index to be accessed of the requested tokens list
     * @return uint256 token ID at the given index of the tokens list owned by the requested address
     */
    function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(index < balanceOf(owner), "ERC721Enumerable: owner index out of bounds");
        return _ownedTokens[owner][index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the total amount of tokens stored by the contract.
     * @return uint256 representing the total amount of tokens
     */
    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        return _allTokens.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the token ID at a given index of all the tokens in this contract
     * Reverts if the index is greater or equal to the total number of tokens.
     * @param index uint256 representing the index to be accessed of the tokens list
     * @return uint256 token ID at the given index of the tokens list
     */
    function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(index < totalSupply(), "ERC721Enumerable: global index out of bounds");
        return _allTokens[index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to transfer ownership of a given token ID to another address.
     * As opposed to transferFrom, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function _transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        super._transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);

        _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(from, tokenId);

        _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * @param to address the beneficiary that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        super._mint(to, tokenId);

        _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(to, tokenId);

        _addTokenToAllTokensEnumeration(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * Deprecated, use {ERC721-_burn} instead.
     * @param owner owner of the token to burn
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned
     */
    function _burn(address owner, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        super._burn(owner, tokenId);

        _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(owner, tokenId);
        // Since tokenId will be deleted, we can clear its slot in _ownedTokensIndex to trigger a gas refund
        _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] = 0;

        _removeTokenFromAllTokensEnumeration(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the list of token IDs of the requested owner.
     * @param owner address owning the tokens
     * @return uint256[] List of token IDs owned by the requested address
     */
    function _tokensOfOwner(address owner) internal view returns (uint256[] storage) {
        return _ownedTokens[owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to add a token to this extension's ownership-tracking data structures.
     * @param to address representing the new owner of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list of the given address
     */
    function _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(address to, uint256 tokenId) private {
        _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] = _ownedTokens[to].length;
        _ownedTokens[to].push(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to add a token to this extension's token tracking data structures.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list
     */
    function _addTokenToAllTokensEnumeration(uint256 tokenId) private {
        _allTokensIndex[tokenId] = _allTokens.length;
        _allTokens.push(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to remove a token from this extension's ownership-tracking data structures. Note that
     * while the token is not assigned a new owner, the `_ownedTokensIndex` mapping is _not_ updated: this allows for
     * gas optimizations e.g. when performing a transfer operation (avoiding double writes).
     * This has O(1) time complexity, but alters the order of the _ownedTokens array.
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list of the given address
     */
    function _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(address from, uint256 tokenId) private {
        // To prevent a gap in from's tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
        // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).

        uint256 lastTokenIndex = _ownedTokens[from].length.sub(1);
        uint256 tokenIndex = _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId];

        // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary
        if (tokenIndex != lastTokenIndex) {
            uint256 lastTokenId = _ownedTokens[from][lastTokenIndex];

            _ownedTokens[from][tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token
            _ownedTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index
        }

        // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
        _ownedTokens[from].length--;

        // Note that _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] hasn't been cleared: it still points to the old slot (now occupied by
        // lastTokenId, or just over the end of the array if the token was the last one).
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to remove a token from this extension's token tracking data structures.
     * This has O(1) time complexity, but alters the order of the _allTokens array.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list
     */
    function _removeTokenFromAllTokensEnumeration(uint256 tokenId) private {
        // To prevent a gap in the tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
        // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).

        uint256 lastTokenIndex = _allTokens.length.sub(1);
        uint256 tokenIndex = _allTokensIndex[tokenId];

        // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary. However, since this occurs so
        // rarely (when the last minted token is burnt) that we still do the swap here to avoid the gas cost of adding
        // an 'if' statement (like in _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration)
        uint256 lastTokenId = _allTokens[lastTokenIndex];

        _allTokens[tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token
        _allTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index

        // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
        _allTokens.length--;
        _allTokensIndex[tokenId] = 0;
    }
}

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor () internal {
        address msgSender = _msgSender();
        _owner = msgSender;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msgSender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(isOwner(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the caller is the current owner.
     */
    function isOwner() public view returns (bool) {
        return _msgSender() == _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public onlyOwner {
        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
        _owner = address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, newOwner);
        _owner = newOwner;
    }
}

/**
 * @title ERC721 Non-Fungible Token Standard basic implementation
 * Modified to remove the mint function and to replace it
 * with the _addTokenTo function.
 * This function is very similar to the _mint function, but it
 * does not emit a Transfer event
 * @dev see https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract NoMintERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721 {
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    using Address for address;
    using Counters for Counters.Counter;

    // Equals to `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`
    // which can be also obtained as `IERC721Receiver(0).onERC721Received.selector`
    bytes4 private constant _ERC721_RECEIVED = 0x150b7a02;

    // Mapping from token ID to owner
    mapping (uint256 => address) private _tokenOwner;

    // Mapping from token ID to approved address
    mapping (uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;

    // Mapping from owner to number of owned token
    mapping (address => Counters.Counter) private _ownedTokensCount;

    // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
    mapping (address => mapping (address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    /*
     *     bytes4(keccak256('balanceOf(address)')) == 0x70a08231
     *     bytes4(keccak256('ownerOf(uint256)')) == 0x6352211e
     *     bytes4(keccak256('approve(address,uint256)')) == 0x095ea7b3
     *     bytes4(keccak256('getApproved(uint256)')) == 0x081812fc
     *     bytes4(keccak256('setApprovalForAll(address,bool)')) == 0xa22cb465
     *     bytes4(keccak256('isApprovedForAll(address,address)')) == 0xe985e9c5
     *     bytes4(keccak256('transferFrom(address,address,uint256)')) == 0x23b872dd
     *     bytes4(keccak256('safeTransferFrom(address,address,uint256)')) == 0x42842e0e
     *     bytes4(keccak256('safeTransferFrom(address,address,uint256,bytes)')) == 0xb88d4fde
     *
     *     => 0x70a08231 ^ 0x6352211e ^ 0x095ea7b3 ^ 0x081812fc ^
     *        0xa22cb465 ^ 0xe985e9c ^ 0x23b872dd ^ 0x42842e0e ^ 0xb88d4fde == 0x80ac58cd
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC721 = 0x80ac58cd;

    constructor () public {
        // register the supported interfaces to conform to ERC721 via ERC165
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC721);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the balance of the specified address.
     * @param owner address to query the balance of
     * @return uint256 representing the amount owned by the passed address
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: balance query for the zero address");

        return _ownedTokensCount[owner].current();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the owner of the specified token ID.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the owner of
     * @return address currently marked as the owner of the given token ID
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address) {
        address owner = _tokenOwner[tokenId];
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token");

        return owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approves another address to transfer the given token ID
     * The zero address indicates there is no approved address.
     * There can only be one approved address per token at a given time.
     * Can only be called by the token owner or an approved operator.
     * @param to address to be approved for the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be approved
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);
        require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");

        require(_msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),
            "ERC721: approve caller is not owner nor approved for all"
        );

        _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
        emit Approval(owner, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the approved address for a token ID, or zero if no address set
     * Reverts if the token ID does not exist.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the approval of
     * @return address currently approved for the given token ID
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: approved query for nonexistent token");

        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets or unsets the approval of a given operator
     * An operator is allowed to transfer all tokens of the sender on their behalf.
     * @param to operator address to set the approval
     * @param approved representing the status of the approval to be set
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address to, bool approved) public {
        require(to != _msgSender(), "ERC721: approve to caller");

        _operatorApprovals[_msgSender()][to] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), to, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tells whether an operator is approved by a given owner.
     * @param owner owner address which you want to query the approval of
     * @param operator operator address which you want to query the approval of
     * @return bool whether the given operator is approved by the given owner
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address.
     * Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator.
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");

        _transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received},
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received},
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the _msgSender() to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) public {
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, _data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) internal {
        _transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the specified token exists.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the existence of
     * @return bool whether the token exists
     */
    function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view returns (bool) {
        address owner = _tokenOwner[tokenId];
        return owner != address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the given spender can transfer a given token ID.
     * @param spender address of the spender to query
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @return bool whether the msg.sender is approved for the given token ID,
     * is an operator of the owner, or is the owner of the token
     */
    function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view returns (bool) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: operator query for nonexistent token");
        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);
        return (spender == owner || getApproved(tokenId) == spender || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * @param to The address that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     */
    function _addTokenTo(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");
        require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");

        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = to;
        _ownedTokensCount[to].increment();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * Deprecated, use {_burn} instead.
     * @param owner owner of the token to burn
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned
     */
    function _burn(address owner, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(ownerOf(tokenId) == owner, "ERC721: burn of token that is not own");

        _clearApproval(tokenId);

        _ownedTokensCount[owner].decrement();
        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = address(0);

        emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal {
        _burn(ownerOf(tokenId), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to transfer ownership of a given token ID to another address.
     * As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function _transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer of token that is not own");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");

        _clearApproval(tokenId);

        _ownedTokensCount[from].decrement();
        _ownedTokensCount[to].increment();

        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.
     * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
     *
     * This function is deprecated.
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes optional data to send along with the call
     * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
     */
    function _checkOnERC721Received(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data)
        internal returns (bool)
    {
        if (!to.isContract()) {
            return true;
        }

        bytes4 retval = IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, _data);
        return (retval == _ERC721_RECEIVED);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to clear current approval of a given token ID.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function _clearApproval(uint256 tokenId) private {
        if (_tokenApprovals[tokenId] != address(0)) {
            _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = address(0);
        }
    }
}

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token with optional enumeration extension logic
 * Modified to work with the NoMintERC721 contract
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract NoMintERC721Enumerable is Context, ERC165, NoMintERC721, IERC721Enumerable {
    // Mapping from owner to list of owned token IDs
    mapping(address => uint256[]) private _ownedTokens;

    // Mapping from token ID to index of the owner tokens list
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _ownedTokensIndex;

    // Array with all token ids, used for enumeration
    uint256[] private _allTokens;

    // Mapping from token id to position in the allTokens array
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _allTokensIndex;

    /*
     *     bytes4(keccak256('totalSupply()')) == 0x18160ddd
     *     bytes4(keccak256('tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address,uint256)')) == 0x2f745c59
     *     bytes4(keccak256('tokenByIndex(uint256)')) == 0x4f6ccce7
     *
     *     => 0x18160ddd ^ 0x2f745c59 ^ 0x4f6ccce7 == 0x780e9d63
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC721_ENUMERABLE = 0x780e9d63;

    /**
     * @dev Constructor function.
     */
    constructor () public {
        // register the supported interface to conform to ERC721Enumerable via ERC165
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC721_ENUMERABLE);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the token ID at a given index of the tokens list of the requested owner.
     * @param owner address owning the tokens list to be accessed
     * @param index uint256 representing the index to be accessed of the requested tokens list
     * @return uint256 token ID at the given index of the tokens list owned by the requested address
     */
    function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(index < balanceOf(owner), "ERC721Enumerable: owner index out of bounds");
        return _ownedTokens[owner][index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the total amount of tokens stored by the contract.
     * @return uint256 representing the total amount of tokens
     */
    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        return _allTokens.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the token ID at a given index of all the tokens in this contract
     * Reverts if the index is greater or equal to the total number of tokens.
     * @param index uint256 representing the index to be accessed of the tokens list
     * @return uint256 token ID at the given index of the tokens list
     */
    function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(index < totalSupply(), "ERC721Enumerable: global index out of bounds");
        return _allTokens[index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to transfer ownership of a given token ID to another address.
     * As opposed to transferFrom, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function _transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        super._transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);

        _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(from, tokenId);

        _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * @param to address the beneficiary that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     */
    function _addTokenTo(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        super._addTokenTo(to, tokenId);

        _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(to, tokenId);

        _addTokenToAllTokensEnumeration(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * Deprecated, use {ERC721-_burn} instead.
     * @param owner owner of the token to burn
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned
     */
    function _burn(address owner, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        super._burn(owner, tokenId);

        _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(owner, tokenId);
        // Since tokenId will be deleted, we can clear its slot in _ownedTokensIndex to trigger a gas refund
        _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] = 0;

        _removeTokenFromAllTokensEnumeration(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the list of token IDs of the requested owner.
     * @param owner address owning the tokens
     * @return uint256[] List of token IDs owned by the requested address
     */
    function _tokensOfOwner(address owner) internal view returns (uint256[] storage) {
        return _ownedTokens[owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to add a token to this extension's ownership-tracking data structures.
     * @param to address representing the new owner of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list of the given address
     */
    function _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(address to, uint256 tokenId) private {
        _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] = _ownedTokens[to].length;
        _ownedTokens[to].push(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to add a token to this extension's token tracking data structures.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list
     */
    function _addTokenToAllTokensEnumeration(uint256 tokenId) private {
        _allTokensIndex[tokenId] = _allTokens.length;
        _allTokens.push(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to remove a token from this extension's ownership-tracking data structures. Note that
     * while the token is not assigned a new owner, the `_ownedTokensIndex` mapping is _not_ updated: this allows for
     * gas optimizations e.g. when performing a transfer operation (avoiding double writes).
     * This has O(1) time complexity, but alters the order of the _ownedTokens array.
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list of the given address
     */
    function _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(address from, uint256 tokenId) private {
        // To prevent a gap in from's tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
        // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).

        uint256 lastTokenIndex = _ownedTokens[from].length.sub(1);
        uint256 tokenIndex = _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId];

        // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary
        if (tokenIndex != lastTokenIndex) {
            uint256 lastTokenId = _ownedTokens[from][lastTokenIndex];

            _ownedTokens[from][tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token
            _ownedTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index
        }

        // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
        _ownedTokens[from].length--;

        // Note that _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] hasn't been cleared: it still points to the old slot (now occupied by
        // lastTokenId, or just over the end of the array if the token was the last one).
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to remove a token from this extension's token tracking data structures.
     * This has O(1) time complexity, but alters the order of the _allTokens array.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list
     */
    function _removeTokenFromAllTokensEnumeration(uint256 tokenId) private {
        // To prevent a gap in the tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
        // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).

        uint256 lastTokenIndex = _allTokens.length.sub(1);
        uint256 tokenIndex = _allTokensIndex[tokenId];

        // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary. However, since this occurs so
        // rarely (when the last minted token is burnt) that we still do the swap here to avoid the gas cost of adding
        // an 'if' statement (like in _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration)
        uint256 lastTokenId = _allTokens[lastTokenIndex];

        _allTokens[tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token
        _allTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index

        // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
        _allTokens.length--;
        _allTokensIndex[tokenId] = 0;
    }
}

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * Modified to change
 * function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
 * to
 * function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (string memory);
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract OveridableERC721Metadata is Context, ERC165, NoMintERC721, IERC721Metadata {
    // Token name
    string private _name;

    // Token symbol
    string private _symbol;

    // Optional mapping for token URIs
    mapping(uint256 => string) private _tokenURIs;

    /*
     *     bytes4(keccak256('name()')) == 0x06fdde03
     *     bytes4(keccak256('symbol()')) == 0x95d89b41
     *     bytes4(keccak256('tokenURI(uint256)')) == 0xc87b56dd
     *
     *     => 0x06fdde03 ^ 0x95d89b41 ^ 0xc87b56dd == 0x5b5e139f
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC721_METADATA = 0x5b5e139f;

    /**
     * @dev Constructor function
     */
    constructor (string memory name, string memory symbol) public {
        _name = name;
        _symbol = symbol;

        // register the supported interfaces to conform to ERC721 via ERC165
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC721_METADATA);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the token name.
     * @return string representing the token name
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the token symbol.
     * @return string representing the token symbol
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an URI for a given token ID.
     * Throws if the token ID does not exist. May return an empty string.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (string memory) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721Metadata: URI query for nonexistent token");
        return _tokenURIs[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to set the token URI for a given token.
     * Reverts if the token ID does not exist.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to set its URI
     * @param uri string URI to assign
     */
    function _setTokenURI(uint256 tokenId, string memory uri) internal {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721Metadata: URI set of nonexistent token");
        _tokenURIs[tokenId] = uri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * Deprecated, use _burn(uint256) instead.
     * @param owner owner of the token to burn
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned by the msg.sender
     */
    function _burn(address owner, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        super._burn(owner, tokenId);

        // Clear metadata (if any)
        if (bytes(_tokenURIs[tokenId]).length != 0) {
            delete _tokenURIs[tokenId];
        }
    }
}

/**
 * ERC-721 implementation that allows 
 * tokens (of the same category) to be minted in batches. Each batch
 * contains enough data to generate all
 * token ids inside the batch, and to
 * generate the tokenURI in the batch
 */
contract GunToken is NoMintERC721, NoMintERC721Enumerable, OveridableERC721Metadata, Ownable {
    using strings for *;
    
    address internal factory;
    address internal oldToken;
    uint256 internal migrateCursor = 0;
    
    uint16 public constant maxAllocation = 4000;
    uint256 public lastAllocation = 0;
    
    event BatchTransfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed batchIndex);
    
    struct Batch {
        address owner;
        uint16 size;
        uint8 category;
        uint256 startId;
        uint256 startTokenId;
    }
    
    Batch[] public allBatches;
    mapping(address => uint256) unactivatedBalance;
    mapping(uint256 => bool) isActivated;
    
    //Used for enumeration
    mapping(address => Batch[]) public batchesOwned;
    //Batch index to owner batch index
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) public ownedBatchIndex;
    
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) internal totalGunsMintedByCategory;
    uint256 internal _totalSupply;

    modifier onlyFactory {
        require(msg.sender == factory, "Not authorized");
        _;
    }

    constructor(address factoryAddress, address oldGunToken) public OveridableERC721Metadata("War Riders Gun", "WRG") {
        factory = factoryAddress;
        oldToken = oldGunToken;
    }
    
    function categoryTypeToId(uint8 category, uint256 categoryId) public view returns (uint256) {
        for (uint i = 0; i < allBatches.length; i++) {
            Batch memory a = allBatches[i];
            if (a.category != category)
                continue;
            
            uint256 endId = a.startId + a.size;
            if (categoryId >= a.startId && categoryId < endId) {
                uint256 dif = categoryId - a.startId;
                
                return a.startTokenId + dif;
            }
        }
        
        revert();
    }
    
    /**
     * @dev Gets the token ID at a given index of the tokens list of the requested owner.
     * @param owner address owning the tokens list to be accessed
     * @param index uint256 representing the index to be accessed of the requested tokens list
     * @return uint256 token ID at the given index of the tokens list owned by the requested address
     */
    function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) public view returns (uint256) {
        return tokenOfOwner(owner)[index];
    }
    
    function getBatchCount(address owner) public view returns(uint256) {
        return batchesOwned[owner].length;
    }
    
    function getTokensInBatch(address owner, uint256 index) public view returns (uint256[] memory) {
        Batch memory a = batchesOwned[owner][index];
        uint256[] memory result = new uint256[](a.size);
        
        uint256 pos = 0;
        uint end = a.startTokenId + a.size;
        for (uint i = a.startTokenId; i < end; i++) {
            if (isActivated[i] && super.ownerOf(i) != owner) {
                continue;
            }
            
            result[pos] = i;
            pos++;
        }
        
        require(pos > 0);
        
        uint256 subAmount = a.size - pos;
        
        assembly { mstore(result, sub(mload(result), subAmount)) }
        
        return result;
    }
    
    function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) public view returns (uint256) {
        return allTokens()[index];
    }
    
    function allTokens() public view returns (uint256[] memory) {
        uint256[] memory result = new uint256[](totalSupply());
        
        uint pos = 0;
        for (uint i = 0; i < allBatches.length; i++) {
            Batch memory a = allBatches[i];
            uint end = a.startTokenId + a.size;
            for (uint j = a.startTokenId; j < end; j++) {
                result[pos] = j;
                pos++;
            }
        }
        
        return result;
    }
    
    function tokenOfOwner(address owner) public view returns (uint256[] memory) {
        uint256[] memory result = new uint256[](balanceOf(owner));
        
        uint pos = 0;
        for (uint i = 0; i < batchesOwned[owner].length; i++) {
            Batch memory a = batchesOwned[owner][i];
            uint end = a.startTokenId + a.size;
            for (uint j = a.startTokenId; j < end; j++) {
                if (isActivated[j] && super.ownerOf(j) != owner) {
                    continue;
                }
                
                result[pos] = j;
                pos++;
            }
        }
        
        uint256[] memory fallbackOwned = _tokensOfOwner(owner);
        for (uint i = 0; i < fallbackOwned.length; i++) {
            result[pos] = fallbackOwned[i];
            pos++;
        }
        
        return result;
    }
    
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: balance query for the zero address");

        return super.balanceOf(owner) + unactivatedBalance[owner];
    }
    
     function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address) {
         require(exists(tokenId), "Token doesn't exist!");
         
         if (isActivated[tokenId]) {
             return super.ownerOf(tokenId);
         }
         uint256 index = getBatchIndex(tokenId);
         require(index < allBatches.length, "Token batch doesn't exist");
         Batch memory a = allBatches[index];
         require(tokenId < a.startTokenId + a.size);
         return a.owner;
     }
    
    function exists(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (bool) {
        if (isActivated[_tokenId]) {
            return super._exists(_tokenId);
        } else {
            uint256 index = getBatchIndex(_tokenId);
            if (index < allBatches.length) {
                Batch memory a = allBatches[index];
                uint end = a.startTokenId + a.size;
                
                return _tokenId < end;
            }
            return false;
        }
    }
    
    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }
    
    function claimAllocation(address to, uint16 size, uint8 category) public onlyFactory returns (uint) {
        require(size < maxAllocation, "Size must be smaller than maxAllocation");
        
        allBatches.push(Batch({
            owner: to,
            size: size,
            category: category,
            startId: totalGunsMintedByCategory[category],
            startTokenId: lastAllocation
        }));
        
        uint end = lastAllocation + size;
        for (uint i = lastAllocation; i < end; i++) {
            emit Transfer(address(0), to, i);
        }
        
        lastAllocation += maxAllocation;
        
        unactivatedBalance[to] += size;
        totalGunsMintedByCategory[category] += size;
        
        _addBatchToOwner(to, allBatches[allBatches.length - 1]);
        
        _totalSupply += size;
        return lastAllocation;
    }
    
    function migrate(uint256 count) public onlyOwner returns (uint256) {
        GunToken oldGuns = GunToken(oldToken);
        
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            uint256 index = migrateCursor + i;
            
            (address to, uint16 size, uint8 category, uint256 startId, uint256 startTokenId) = oldGuns.allBatches(index);
            allBatches.push(Batch({
                owner: to,
                size: size,
                category: category,
                startId: startId,
                startTokenId: startTokenId
            }));
            
            uint end = lastAllocation + size;
            uint256 ubalance = size;
            for (uint z = lastAllocation; z < end; z++) {
                address owner = oldGuns.ownerOf(z);
                if (owner != to) {
                    isActivated[z] = true;
                    addTokenTo(owner, z);
                    ubalance--;
                } else {
                    emit Transfer(address(0), to, z);
                }
                
                
            }
            
            lastAllocation += maxAllocation;
            unactivatedBalance[to] += ubalance;
            totalGunsMintedByCategory[category] += size;
            
            _addBatchToOwner(to, allBatches[allBatches.length - 1]);
            
            _totalSupply += size;
        }
        
        migrateCursor += count;
        
        return lastAllocation;
    }
    
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        if (!isActivated[tokenId]) {
            activate(tokenId);
        }
        super.transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
    }
    
    function activate(uint256 tokenId) public {
        require(!isActivated[tokenId], "Token already activated");
        uint256 index = getBatchIndex(tokenId);
        require(index < allBatches.length, "Token batch doesn't exist");
        Batch memory a = allBatches[index];
        require(tokenId < a.startTokenId + a.size);
        isActivated[tokenId] = true;
        addTokenTo(a.owner, tokenId);
        unactivatedBalance[a.owner]--;
    }
    
    function getBatchIndex(uint256 tokenId) public pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 index = (tokenId / maxAllocation);
        
        return index;
    }
    
    function categoryForToken(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (uint8) {
        uint256 index = getBatchIndex(tokenId);
        require(index < allBatches.length, "Token batch doesn't exist");
        
        Batch memory a = allBatches[index];
        
        return a.category;
    }
    
    function categoryIdForToken(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 index = getBatchIndex(tokenId);
        require(index < allBatches.length, "Token batch doesn't exist");
        
        Batch memory a = allBatches[index];
        
        uint256 categoryId = (tokenId % maxAllocation) + a.startId;
        
        return categoryId;
    }
    
    function uintToString(uint v) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (v == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint j = v;
        uint len;
        while (j != 0) {
            len++;
            j /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory bstr = new bytes(len);
        uint k = len - 1;
        while (v != 0) {
            bstr[k--] = byte(uint8(48 + v % 10));
            v /= 10;
        }
        
        return string(bstr);
    }
    
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (string memory) {
        require(exists(tokenId), "Token doesn't exist!");
        if (isActivated[tokenId]) {
            return super.tokenURI(tokenId);
        } else {
            //Predict the token URI
            uint8 category = categoryForToken(tokenId);
            uint256 _categoryId = categoryIdForToken(tokenId);
            
            string memory id = uintToString(category).toSlice().concat("/".toSlice()).toSlice().concat(uintToString(_categoryId).toSlice().concat(".json".toSlice()).toSlice());
            string memory _base = "https://vault.warriders.com/guns/";
            
            //Final URL: https://vault.warriders.com/guns/<category>/<category_id>.json
            string memory _metadata = _base.toSlice().concat(id.toSlice());
            
            return _metadata;
        }
    }
    
    function addTokenTo(address _to, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
        //Predict the token URI
        uint8 category = categoryForToken(_tokenId);
        uint256 _categoryId = categoryIdForToken(_tokenId);
            
        string memory id = uintToString(category).toSlice().concat("/".toSlice()).toSlice().concat(uintToString(_categoryId).toSlice().concat(".json".toSlice()).toSlice());
        string memory _base = "https://vault.warriders.com/guns/";
            
        //Final URL: https://vault.warriders.com/guns/<category>/<category_id>.json
        string memory _metadata = _base.toSlice().concat(id.toSlice());
        
        super._addTokenTo(_to, _tokenId);
        super._setTokenURI(_tokenId, _metadata);
    }
    
    function ceil(uint a, uint m) internal pure returns (uint ) {
        return ((a + m - 1) / m) * m;
    }
    
    function _removeBatchFromOwner(address from, Batch memory batch) private {
        // To prevent a gap in from's tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
        // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).
        
        uint256 globalIndex = getBatchIndex(batch.startTokenId);

        uint256 lastBatchIndex = batchesOwned[from].length.sub(1);
        uint256 batchIndex = ownedBatchIndex[globalIndex];

        // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary
        if (batchIndex != lastBatchIndex) {
            Batch memory lastBatch = batchesOwned[from][lastBatchIndex];
            uint256 lastGlobalIndex = getBatchIndex(lastBatch.startTokenId);

            batchesOwned[from][batchIndex] = lastBatch; // Move the last batch to the slot of the to-delete batch
            ownedBatchIndex[lastGlobalIndex] = batchIndex; // Update the moved batch's index
        }

        // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
        batchesOwned[from].length--;

        // Note that ownedBatchIndex[batch] hasn't been cleared: it still points to the old slot (now occupied by
        // lastBatch, or just over the end of the array if the batch was the last one).
    }
    
    function _addBatchToOwner(address to, Batch memory batch) private {
        uint256 globalIndex = getBatchIndex(batch.startTokenId);
        
        ownedBatchIndex[globalIndex] = batchesOwned[to].length;
        batchesOwned[to].push(batch);
    }
    
    function batchTransfer(uint256 batchIndex, address to) public {
        Batch storage a = allBatches[batchIndex];
        
        address previousOwner = a.owner;
        
        require(a.owner == msg.sender);
        
        _removeBatchFromOwner(previousOwner, a);
        
        a.owner = to;
        
        _addBatchToOwner(to, a);
        
        emit BatchTransfer(previousOwner, to, batchIndex);
        
        //Now to need to emit a bunch of transfer events
        uint end = a.startTokenId + a.size;
        uint256 unActivated = 0;
        for (uint i = a.startTokenId; i < end; i++) {
            if (isActivated[i]) {
                if (ownerOf(i) != previousOwner)
                    continue; //The previous owner didn't own this token, don't emit an event
            } else {
                unActivated++;
            }
            emit Transfer(previousOwner, to, i);
        }
        
        unactivatedBalance[to] += unActivated;
        unactivatedBalance[previousOwner] -= unActivated;
    }
}

contract ApproveAndCallFallBack {
    function receiveApproval(address from, uint256 tokens, address token, bytes memory data) public payable returns (bool);
}

/**
 * @title ERC20Basic
 * @dev Simpler version of ERC20 interface
 * @dev see https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/179
 */
contract ERC20Basic {
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256);
  function balanceOf(address who) public view returns (uint256);
  function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public returns (bool);
  event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
}

contract ERC20 is ERC20Basic {
  function allowance(address owner, address spender)
    public view returns (uint256);

  function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value)
    public returns (bool);

  function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public returns (bool);
  event Approval(
    address indexed owner,
    address indexed spender,
    uint256 value
  );
}

contract BurnableToken is ERC20 {
  event Burn(address indexed burner, uint256 value);
  function burn(uint256 _value) public;
}

contract StandardBurnableToken is BurnableToken {
  function burnFrom(address _from, uint256 _value) public;
}

interface BZNFeed {
    /**
     * Returns the converted BZN value
     */
    function convert(uint256 usd) external view returns (uint256);
}

contract SimpleBZNFeed is BZNFeed, Ownable {
    
    uint256 private conversion;
    
    function updateConversion(uint256 conversionRate) public onlyOwner {
        conversion = conversionRate;
    }
    
    function convert(uint256 usd) external view returns (uint256) {
        return usd * conversion;
    }
}

interface IDSValue {
   
    function peek() external view returns (bytes32, bool);
    function read() external view returns (bytes32);
    function poke(bytes32 wut) external;
    function void() external;
}

library BytesLib {
    function concat(
        bytes memory _preBytes,
        bytes memory _postBytes
    )
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes memory)
    {
        bytes memory tempBytes;

        assembly {
            // Get a location of some free memory and store it in tempBytes as
            // Solidity does for memory variables.
            tempBytes := mload(0x40)

            // Store the length of the first bytes array at the beginning of
            // the memory for tempBytes.
            let length := mload(_preBytes)
            mstore(tempBytes, length)

            // Maintain a memory counter for the current write location in the
            // temp bytes array by adding the 32 bytes for the array length to
            // the starting location.
            let mc := add(tempBytes, 0x20)
            // Stop copying when the memory counter reaches the length of the
            // first bytes array.
            let end := add(mc, length)

            for {
                // Initialize a copy counter to the start of the _preBytes data,
                // 32 bytes into its memory.
                let cc := add(_preBytes, 0x20)
            } lt(mc, end) {
                // Increase both counters by 32 bytes each iteration.
                mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                cc := add(cc, 0x20)
            } {
                // Write the _preBytes data into the tempBytes memory 32 bytes
                // at a time.
                mstore(mc, mload(cc))
            }

            // Add the length of _postBytes to the current length of tempBytes
            // and store it as the new length in the first 32 bytes of the
            // tempBytes memory.
            length := mload(_postBytes)
            mstore(tempBytes, add(length, mload(tempBytes)))

            // Move the memory counter back from a multiple of 0x20 to the
            // actual end of the _preBytes data.
            mc := end
            // Stop copying when the memory counter reaches the new combined
            // length of the arrays.
            end := add(mc, length)

            for {
                let cc := add(_postBytes, 0x20)
            } lt(mc, end) {
                mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                cc := add(cc, 0x20)
            } {
                mstore(mc, mload(cc))
            }

            // Update the free-memory pointer by padding our last write location
            // to 32 bytes: add 31 bytes to the end of tempBytes to move to the
            // next 32 byte block, then round down to the nearest multiple of
            // 32. If the sum of the length of the two arrays is zero then add 
            // one before rounding down to leave a blank 32 bytes (the length block with 0).
            mstore(0x40, and(
              add(add(end, iszero(add(length, mload(_preBytes)))), 31),
              not(31) // Round down to the nearest 32 bytes.
            ))
        }

        return tempBytes;
    }

    function concatStorage(bytes storage _preBytes, bytes memory _postBytes) internal {
        assembly {
            // Read the first 32 bytes of _preBytes storage, which is the length
            // of the array. (We don't need to use the offset into the slot
            // because arrays use the entire slot.)
            let fslot := sload(_preBytes_slot)
            // Arrays of 31 bytes or less have an even value in their slot,
            // while longer arrays have an odd value. The actual length is
            // the slot divided by two for odd values, and the lowest order
            // byte divided by two for even values.
            // If the slot is even, bitwise and the slot with 255 and divide by
            // two to get the length. If the slot is odd, bitwise and the slot
            // with -1 and divide by two.
            let slength := div(and(fslot, sub(mul(0x100, iszero(and(fslot, 1))), 1)), 2)
            let mlength := mload(_postBytes)
            let newlength := add(slength, mlength)
            // slength can contain both the length and contents of the array
            // if length < 32 bytes so let's prepare for that
            // v. http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/miscellaneous.html#layout-of-state-variables-in-storage
            switch add(lt(slength, 32), lt(newlength, 32))
            case 2 {
                // Since the new array still fits in the slot, we just need to
                // update the contents of the slot.
                // uint256(bytes_storage) = uint256(bytes_storage) + uint256(bytes_memory) + new_length
                sstore(
                    _preBytes_slot,
                    // all the modifications to the slot are inside this
                    // next block
                    add(
                        // we can just add to the slot contents because the
                        // bytes we want to change are the LSBs
                        fslot,
                        add(
                            mul(
                                div(
                                    // load the bytes from memory
                                    mload(add(_postBytes, 0x20)),
                                    // zero all bytes to the right
                                    exp(0x100, sub(32, mlength))
                                ),
                                // and now shift left the number of bytes to
                                // leave space for the length in the slot
                                exp(0x100, sub(32, newlength))
                            ),
                            // increase length by the double of the memory
                            // bytes length
                            mul(mlength, 2)
                        )
                    )
                )
            }
            case 1 {
                // The stored value fits in the slot, but the combined value
                // will exceed it.
                // get the keccak hash to get the contents of the array
                mstore(0x0, _preBytes_slot)
                let sc := add(keccak256(0x0, 0x20), div(slength, 32))

                // save new length
                sstore(_preBytes_slot, add(mul(newlength, 2), 1))

                // The contents of the _postBytes array start 32 bytes into
                // the structure. Our first read should obtain the `submod`
                // bytes that can fit into the unused space in the last word
                // of the stored array. To get this, we read 32 bytes starting
                // from `submod`, so the data we read overlaps with the array
                // contents by `submod` bytes. Masking the lowest-order
                // `submod` bytes allows us to add that value directly to the
                // stored value.

                let submod := sub(32, slength)
                let mc := add(_postBytes, submod)
                let end := add(_postBytes, mlength)
                let mask := sub(exp(0x100, submod), 1)

                sstore(
                    sc,
                    add(
                        and(
                            fslot,
                            0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff00
                        ),
                        and(mload(mc), mask)
                    )
                )

                for {
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                    sc := add(sc, 1)
                } lt(mc, end) {
                    sc := add(sc, 1)
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                } {
                    sstore(sc, mload(mc))
                }

                mask := exp(0x100, sub(mc, end))

                sstore(sc, mul(div(mload(mc), mask), mask))
            }
            default {
                // get the keccak hash to get the contents of the array
                mstore(0x0, _preBytes_slot)
                // Start copying to the last used word of the stored array.
                let sc := add(keccak256(0x0, 0x20), div(slength, 32))

                // save new length
                sstore(_preBytes_slot, add(mul(newlength, 2), 1))

                // Copy over the first `submod` bytes of the new data as in
                // case 1 above.
                let slengthmod := mod(slength, 32)
                let mlengthmod := mod(mlength, 32)
                let submod := sub(32, slengthmod)
                let mc := add(_postBytes, submod)
                let end := add(_postBytes, mlength)
                let mask := sub(exp(0x100, submod), 1)

                sstore(sc, add(sload(sc), and(mload(mc), mask)))
                
                for { 
                    sc := add(sc, 1)
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                } lt(mc, end) {
                    sc := add(sc, 1)
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                } {
                    sstore(sc, mload(mc))
                }

                mask := exp(0x100, sub(mc, end))

                sstore(sc, mul(div(mload(mc), mask), mask))
            }
        }
    }

    function slice(
        bytes memory _bytes,
        uint _start,
        uint _length
    )
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes memory)
    {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + _length));

        bytes memory tempBytes;

        assembly {
            switch iszero(_length)
            case 0 {
                // Get a location of some free memory and store it in tempBytes as
                // Solidity does for memory variables.
                tempBytes := mload(0x40)

                // The first word of the slice result is potentially a partial
                // word read from the original array. To read it, we calculate
                // the length of that partial word and start copying that many
                // bytes into the array. The first word we copy will start with
                // data we don't care about, but the last `lengthmod` bytes will
                // land at the beginning of the contents of the new array. When
                // we're done copying, we overwrite the full first word with
                // the actual length of the slice.
                let lengthmod := and(_length, 31)

                // The multiplication in the next line is necessary
                // because when slicing multiples of 32 bytes (lengthmod == 0)
                // the following copy loop was copying the origin's length
                // and then ending prematurely not copying everything it should.
                let mc := add(add(tempBytes, lengthmod), mul(0x20, iszero(lengthmod)))
                let end := add(mc, _length)

                for {
                    // The multiplication in the next line has the same exact purpose
                    // as the one above.
                    let cc := add(add(add(_bytes, lengthmod), mul(0x20, iszero(lengthmod))), _start)
                } lt(mc, end) {
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                    cc := add(cc, 0x20)
                } {
                    mstore(mc, mload(cc))
                }

                mstore(tempBytes, _length)

                //update free-memory pointer
                //allocating the array padded to 32 bytes like the compiler does now
                mstore(0x40, and(add(mc, 31), not(31)))
            }
            //if we want a zero-length slice let's just return a zero-length array
            default {
                tempBytes := mload(0x40)

                mstore(0x40, add(tempBytes, 0x20))
            }
        }

        return tempBytes;
    }

    function toAddress(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (address) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 20));
        address tempAddress;

        assembly {
            tempAddress := div(mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x20), _start)), 0x1000000000000000000000000)
        }

        return tempAddress;
    }

    function toUint8(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (uint8) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 1));
        uint8 tempUint;

        assembly {
            tempUint := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x1), _start))
        }

        return tempUint;
    }

    function toUint16(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (uint16) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 2));
        uint16 tempUint;

        assembly {
            tempUint := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x2), _start))
        }

        return tempUint;
    }

    function toUint32(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (uint32) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 4));
        uint32 tempUint;

        assembly {
            tempUint := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x4), _start))
        }

        return tempUint;
    }

    function toUint64(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (uint64) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 8));
        uint64 tempUint;

        assembly {
            tempUint := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x8), _start))
        }

        return tempUint;
    }

    function toUint96(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (uint96) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 12));
        uint96 tempUint;

        assembly {
            tempUint := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0xc), _start))
        }

        return tempUint;
    }

    function toUint128(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (uint128) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 16));
        uint128 tempUint;

        assembly {
            tempUint := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x10), _start))
        }

        return tempUint;
    }

    function toUint(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (uint256) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 32));
        uint256 tempUint;

        assembly {
            tempUint := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x20), _start))
        }

        return tempUint;
    }

    function toBytes32(bytes memory _bytes, uint _start) internal  pure returns (bytes32) {
        require(_bytes.length >= (_start + 32));
        bytes32 tempBytes32;

        assembly {
            tempBytes32 := mload(add(add(_bytes, 0x20), _start))
        }

        return tempBytes32;
    }

    function equal(bytes memory _preBytes, bytes memory _postBytes) internal pure returns (bool) {
        bool success = true;

        assembly {
            let length := mload(_preBytes)

            // if lengths don't match the arrays are not equal
            switch eq(length, mload(_postBytes))
            case 1 {
                // cb is a circuit breaker in the for loop since there's
                //  no said feature for inline assembly loops
                // cb = 1 - don't breaker
                // cb = 0 - break
                let cb := 1

                let mc := add(_preBytes, 0x20)
                let end := add(mc, length)

                for {
                    let cc := add(_postBytes, 0x20)
                // the next line is the loop condition:
                // while(uint(mc < end) + cb == 2)
                } eq(add(lt(mc, end), cb), 2) {
                    mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                    cc := add(cc, 0x20)
                } {
                    // if any of these checks fails then arrays are not equal
                    if iszero(eq(mload(mc), mload(cc))) {
                        // unsuccess:
                        success := 0
                        cb := 0
                    }
                }
            }
            default {
                // unsuccess:
                success := 0
            }
        }

        return success;
    }

    function equalStorage(
        bytes storage _preBytes,
        bytes memory _postBytes
    )
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        bool success = true;

        assembly {
            // we know _preBytes_offset is 0
            let fslot := sload(_preBytes_slot)
            // Decode the length of the stored array like in concatStorage().
            let slength := div(and(fslot, sub(mul(0x100, iszero(and(fslot, 1))), 1)), 2)
            let mlength := mload(_postBytes)

            // if lengths don't match the arrays are not equal
            switch eq(slength, mlength)
            case 1 {
                // slength can contain both the length and contents of the array
                // if length < 32 bytes so let's prepare for that
                // v. http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/miscellaneous.html#layout-of-state-variables-in-storage
                if iszero(iszero(slength)) {
                    switch lt(slength, 32)
                    case 1 {
                        // blank the last byte which is the length
                        fslot := mul(div(fslot, 0x100), 0x100)

                        if iszero(eq(fslot, mload(add(_postBytes, 0x20)))) {
                            // unsuccess:
                            success := 0
                        }
                    }
                    default {
                        // cb is a circuit breaker in the for loop since there's
                        //  no said feature for inline assembly loops
                        // cb = 1 - don't breaker
                        // cb = 0 - break
                        let cb := 1

                        // get the keccak hash to get the contents of the array
                        mstore(0x0, _preBytes_slot)
                        let sc := keccak256(0x0, 0x20)

                        let mc := add(_postBytes, 0x20)
                        let end := add(mc, mlength)

                        // the next line is the loop condition:
                        // while(uint(mc < end) + cb == 2)
                        for {} eq(add(lt(mc, end), cb), 2) {
                            sc := add(sc, 1)
                            mc := add(mc, 0x20)
                        } {
                            if iszero(eq(sload(sc), mload(mc))) {
                                // unsuccess:
                                success := 0
                                cb := 0
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            default {
                // unsuccess:
                success := 0
            }
        }

        return success;
    }
}

contract GunPreOrder is Ownable, ApproveAndCallFallBack {
    using BytesLib for bytes;
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    
    //Event for when a bulk buy order has been placed
    event consumerBulkBuy(uint8 category, uint256 quanity, address reserver);
    //Event for when a gun has been bought
    event GunsBought(uint256 gunId, address owner, uint8 category);
    //Event for when ether is taken out of this contract
    event Withdrawal(uint256 amount);

    //Default referal commision percent
    uint256 public constant COMMISSION_PERCENT = 5;
    
    //Whether category is open
    mapping(uint8 => bool) public categoryExists;
    mapping(uint8 => bool) public categoryOpen;
    mapping(uint8 => bool) public categoryKilled;
    
    //The additional referal commision percent for any given referal address (default is 0)
    mapping(address => uint256) internal commissionRate;
    
    //How many guns in a given category an address has reserved
    mapping(uint8 => mapping(address => uint256)) public categoryReserveAmount;
    
    //Opensea buy address
    address internal constant OPENSEA = 0x5b3256965e7C3cF26E11FCAf296DfC8807C01073;

    //The percent increase and percent base for a given category
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) public categoryPercentIncrease;
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) public categoryPercentBase;

    //Price of a givevn category in USD WEI
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) public categoryPrice;
    
    //The percent of ether required for buying in BZN
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) public requiredEtherPercent;
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) public requiredEtherPercentBase;
    bool public allowCreateCategory = true;

    //The gun token contract
    GunToken public token;
    //The gun factory contract
    GunFactory internal factory;
    //The BZN contract
    StandardBurnableToken internal bzn;
    //The Maker ETH/USD price feed
    IDSValue public ethFeed;
    BZNFeed public bznFeed;
    //The gamepool address
    address internal gamePool;
    
    //Require the skinned/regular shop to be opened
    modifier ensureShopOpen(uint8 category) {
        require(categoryExists[category], "Category doesn't exist!");
        require(categoryOpen[category], "Category is not open!");
        _;
    }
    
    //Allow a function to accept ETH payment
    modifier payInETH(address referal, uint8 category, address new_owner, uint16 quanity) {
        uint256 usdPrice;
        uint256 totalPrice;
        (usdPrice, totalPrice) = priceFor(category, quanity);
        require(usdPrice > 0, "Price not yet set");
        
        categoryPrice[category] = usdPrice; //Save last price
        
        uint256 price = convert(totalPrice, false);
        
        require(msg.value >= price, "Not enough Ether sent!");
        
        _;
        
        if (msg.value > price) {
            uint256 change = msg.value - price;

            msg.sender.transfer(change);
        }
        
        if (referal != address(0)) {
            require(referal != msg.sender, "The referal cannot be the sender");
            require(referal != tx.origin, "The referal cannot be the tranaction origin");
            require(referal != new_owner, "The referal cannot be the new owner");

            //The commissionRate map adds any partner bonuses, or 0 if a normal user referral
            uint256 totalCommision = COMMISSION_PERCENT + commissionRate[referal];

            uint256 commision = (price * totalCommision) / 100;
            
            address payable _referal = address(uint160(referal));

            _referal.transfer(commision);
        }

    }
    
    //Allow function to accept BZN payment
    modifier payInBZN(address referal, uint8 category, address payable new_owner, uint16 quanity) {
        uint256[] memory prices = new uint256[](4); //Hack to work around local var limit (usdPrice, bznPrice, commision, totalPrice)
        (prices[0], prices[3]) = priceFor(category, quanity);
        require(prices[0] > 0, "Price not yet set");
            
        categoryPrice[category] = prices[0];
        
        prices[1] = convert(prices[3], true); //Convert the totalPrice to BZN

        //The commissionRate map adds any partner bonuses, or 0 if a normal user referral
        if (referal != address(0)) {
            prices[2] = (prices[1] * (COMMISSION_PERCENT + commissionRate[referal])) / 100;
        }
        
        uint256 requiredEther = (convert(prices[3], false) * requiredEtherPercent[category]) / requiredEtherPercentBase[category];
        
        require(msg.value >= requiredEther, "Buying with BZN requires some Ether!");
        
        bzn.burnFrom(new_owner, (((prices[1] - prices[2]) * 30) / 100));
        bzn.transferFrom(new_owner, gamePool, prices[1] - prices[2] - (((prices[1] - prices[2]) * 30) / 100));
        
        _;
        
        if (msg.value > requiredEther) {
            new_owner.transfer(msg.value - requiredEther);
        }
        
        if (referal != address(0)) {
            require(referal != msg.sender, "The referal cannot be the sender");
            require(referal != tx.origin, "The referal cannot be the tranaction origin");
            require(referal != new_owner, "The referal cannot be the new owner");
            
            bzn.transferFrom(new_owner, referal, prices[2]);
            
            prices[2] = (requiredEther * (COMMISSION_PERCENT + commissionRate[referal])) / 100;
            
            address payable _referal = address(uint160(referal));

            _referal.transfer(prices[2]);
        }
    }

    //Constructor
    constructor(
        address tokenAddress,
        address tokenFactory,
        address gp,
        address isd,
        address bzn_address
    ) public {
        token = GunToken(tokenAddress);

        factory = GunFactory(tokenFactory);
        
        ethFeed = IDSValue(isd);
        bzn = StandardBurnableToken(bzn_address);

        gamePool = gp;

        //Set percent increases
        categoryPercentIncrease[1] = 100035;
        categoryPercentBase[1] = 100000;
        
        categoryPercentIncrease[2] = 100025;
        categoryPercentBase[2] = 100000;
        
        categoryPercentIncrease[3] = 100015;
        categoryPercentBase[3] = 100000;
        
        commissionRate[OPENSEA] = 10;
    }
    
    function createCategory(uint8 category) public onlyOwner {
        require(allowCreateCategory);
        
        categoryExists[category] = true;
    }
    
    function disableCreateCategories() public onlyOwner {
        allowCreateCategory = false;
    }
    
    //Set the referal commision rate for an address
    function setCommission(address referral, uint256 percent) public onlyOwner {
        require(percent > COMMISSION_PERCENT);
        require(percent < 95);
        percent = percent - COMMISSION_PERCENT;
        
        commissionRate[referral] = percent;
    }
    
    //Set the price increase/base for skinned or regular guns
    function setPercentIncrease(uint256 increase, uint256 base, uint8 category) public onlyOwner {
        require(increase > base);
        
        categoryPercentIncrease[category] = increase;
        categoryPercentBase[category] = base;
    }
    
    function setEtherPercent(uint256 percent, uint256 base, uint8 category) public onlyOwner {
        requiredEtherPercent[category] = percent;
        requiredEtherPercentBase[category] = base;
    }
    
    function killCategory(uint8 category) public onlyOwner {
        require(!categoryKilled[category]);
        
        categoryOpen[category] = false;
        categoryKilled[category] = true;
    }

    //Open/Close the skinned or regular guns shop
    function setShopState(uint8 category, bool open) public onlyOwner {
        require(category == 1 || category == 2 || category == 3);
        require(!categoryKilled[category]);
        require(categoryExists[category]);
        
        categoryOpen[category] = open;
    }

    /**
     * Set the price for any given category in USD.
     */
    function setPrice(uint8 category, uint256 price, bool inWei) public onlyOwner {
        uint256 multiply = 1e18;
        if (inWei) {
            multiply = 1;
        }
        
        categoryPrice[category] = price * multiply;
    }

    /**
    Withdraw the amount from the contract's balance. Only the contract owner can execute this function
    */
    function withdraw(uint256 amount) public onlyOwner {
        uint256 balance = address(this).balance;

        require(amount <= balance, "Requested to much");
        
        address payable _owner = address(uint160(owner()));
        
        _owner.transfer(amount);

        emit Withdrawal(amount);
    }
    
    function setBZNFeedContract(address new_bzn_feed) public onlyOwner {
        bznFeed = BZNFeed(new_bzn_feed);
    }
    
    //Buy many skinned or regular guns with BZN. This will reserve the amount of guns and allows the new_owner to invoke claimGuns for free
    function buyWithBZN(address referal, uint8 category, address payable new_owner, uint16 quanity) ensureShopOpen(category) payInBZN(referal, category, new_owner, quanity) public payable returns (bool) {
        factory.mintFor(new_owner, quanity, category);
            
        return true;
    }
    
    //Buy many skinned or regular guns with ETH. This will reserve the amount of guns and allows the new_owner to invoke claimGuns for free
    function buyWithEther(address referal, uint8 category, address new_owner, uint16 quanity) ensureShopOpen(category) payInETH(referal, category, new_owner, quanity) public payable returns (bool) {
        factory.mintFor(new_owner, quanity, category);
        
        return true;
    }
    
    function convert(uint256 usdValue, bool isBZN) public view returns (uint256) {
        if (isBZN) {
            return bznFeed.convert(usdValue);
        } else {
            bool temp;
            bytes32 aaa;
            (aaa, temp) = ethFeed.peek();
                
            uint256 priceForEtherInUsdWei = uint256(aaa);
            
            return usdValue / (priceForEtherInUsdWei / 1e18);
        }
    }
    
    /**
    Get the price for skinned or regular guns in USD (wei)
    */
    function priceFor(uint8 category, uint16 quanity) public view returns (uint256, uint256) {
        require(quanity > 0);
        uint256 percent = categoryPercentIncrease[category];
        uint256 base = categoryPercentBase[category];

        uint256 currentPrice = categoryPrice[category];
        uint256 nextPrice = currentPrice;
        uint256 totalPrice = 0;
        //We can't use exponents because we'll overflow quickly
        //Only for loop :(
        for (uint i = 0; i < quanity; i++) {
            nextPrice = (currentPrice * percent) / base;
            
            currentPrice = nextPrice;
            
            totalPrice += nextPrice;
        }

        //Return the next price, as this is the true price
        return (nextPrice, totalPrice);
    }

    //Determine if a tokenId exists (has been sold)
    function sold(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (bool) {
        return token.exists(_tokenId);
    }
    
    function receiveApproval(address from, uint256 tokenAmount, address tokenContract, bytes memory data) public payable returns (bool) {
        address referal;
        uint8 category;
        uint16 quanity;
        
        (referal, category, quanity) = abi.decode(data, (address, uint8, uint16));
        
        require(quanity >= 1);
        
        address payable _from = address(uint160(from)); 
        
        buyWithBZN(referal, category, _from, quanity);
        
        return true;
    }
}

contract GunFactory is Ownable {
    using strings for *;
    
    uint8 public constant PREMIUM_CATEGORY = 1;
    uint8 public constant MIDGRADE_CATEGORY = 2;
    uint8 public constant REGULAR_CATEGORY = 3;
    uint256 public constant ONE_MONTH = 2628000;
    
    uint256 public mintedGuns = 0;
    address preOrderAddress;
    GunToken token;
    
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) internal gunsMintedByCategory;
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) internal totalGunsMintedByCategory;
    
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) internal firstMonthLimit;
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) internal secondMonthLimit;
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) internal thirdMonthLimit;
    
    uint256 internal startTime;
    mapping(uint8 => uint256) internal currentMonthEnd;
    uint256 internal monthOneEnd;
    uint256 internal monthTwoEnd;

    modifier onlyPreOrder {
        require(msg.sender == preOrderAddress, "Not authorized");
        _;
    }

    modifier isInitialized {
        require(preOrderAddress != address(0), "No linked preorder");
        require(address(token) != address(0), "No linked token");
        _;
    }
    
    constructor() public {
        firstMonthLimit[PREMIUM_CATEGORY] = 5000;
        firstMonthLimit[MIDGRADE_CATEGORY] = 20000;
        firstMonthLimit[REGULAR_CATEGORY] = 30000;
        
        secondMonthLimit[PREMIUM_CATEGORY] = 2500;
        secondMonthLimit[MIDGRADE_CATEGORY] = 10000;
        secondMonthLimit[REGULAR_CATEGORY] = 15000;
        
        thirdMonthLimit[PREMIUM_CATEGORY] = 600;
        thirdMonthLimit[MIDGRADE_CATEGORY] = 3000;
        thirdMonthLimit[REGULAR_CATEGORY] = 6000;
        
        startTime = block.timestamp;
        monthOneEnd = startTime + ONE_MONTH;
        monthTwoEnd = startTime + ONE_MONTH + ONE_MONTH;
        
        currentMonthEnd[PREMIUM_CATEGORY] = monthOneEnd;
        currentMonthEnd[MIDGRADE_CATEGORY] = monthOneEnd;
        currentMonthEnd[REGULAR_CATEGORY] = monthOneEnd;
    }

    function uintToString(uint v) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (v == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint j = v;
        uint len;
        while (j != 0) {
            len++;
            j /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory bstr = new bytes(len);
        uint k = len - 1;
        while (v != 0) {
            bstr[k--] = byte(uint8(48 + v % 10));
            v /= 10;
        }
        
        return string(bstr);
    }

    function mintFor(address newOwner, uint16 size, uint8 category) public onlyPreOrder isInitialized returns (uint256) {
        GunPreOrder preOrder = GunPreOrder(preOrderAddress);
        require(preOrder.categoryExists(category), "Invalid category");
        
        require(!hasReachedLimit(category), "The monthly limit has been reached");
        
        token.claimAllocation(newOwner, size, category);
        
        mintedGuns++;
        
        gunsMintedByCategory[category] = gunsMintedByCategory[category] + 1;
        totalGunsMintedByCategory[category] = totalGunsMintedByCategory[category] + 1;
    }
    
    function hasReachedLimit(uint8 category) internal returns (bool) {
        uint256 currentTime = block.timestamp;
        uint256 limit = currentLimit(category);
        
        uint256 monthEnd = currentMonthEnd[category];
        
        //If the current block time is greater than or equal to the end of the month
        if (currentTime >= monthEnd) {
            //It's a new month, reset all limits
            //gunsMintedByCategory[PREMIUM_CATEGORY] = 0;
            //gunsMintedByCategory[MIDGRADE_CATEGORY] = 0;
            //gunsMintedByCategory[REGULAR_CATEGORY] = 0;
            gunsMintedByCategory[category] = 0;
            
            //Set next month end to be equal one month in advance
            //do this while the current time is greater than the next month end
            while (currentTime >= monthEnd) {
                monthEnd = monthEnd + ONE_MONTH;
            }
            
            //Finally, update the limit
            limit = currentLimit(category);
            currentMonthEnd[category] = monthEnd;
        }
        
        //Check if the limit has been reached
        return gunsMintedByCategory[category] >= limit;
    }
    
    function reachedLimit(uint8 category) public view returns (bool) {
        uint256 limit = currentLimit(category);
        
        return gunsMintedByCategory[category] >= limit;
    }
    
    function currentLimit(uint8 category) public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 currentTime = block.timestamp;
        uint256 limit;
        if (currentTime < monthOneEnd) {
            limit = firstMonthLimit[category];
        } else if (currentTime < monthTwoEnd) {
            limit = secondMonthLimit[category];
        } else {
            limit = thirdMonthLimit[category];
        }
        
        return limit;
    }
    
    function setCategoryLimit(uint8 category, uint256 firstLimit, uint256 secondLimit, uint256 thirdLimit) public onlyOwner {
        require(firstMonthLimit[category] == 0);
        require(secondMonthLimit[category] == 0);
        require(thirdMonthLimit[category] == 0);
        
        firstMonthLimit[category] = firstLimit;
        secondMonthLimit[category] = secondLimit;
        thirdMonthLimit[category] = thirdLimit;
    }
    
    /**
    Attach the preOrder that will be receiving tokens being marked for sale by the
    sellCar function
    */
    function attachPreOrder(address dst) public onlyOwner {
        //Enforce that address is indeed a preorder
        GunPreOrder preOrder = GunPreOrder(dst);

        preOrderAddress = address(preOrder);
    }

    /**
    Attach the token being used for things
    */
    function attachToken(address dst) public onlyOwner {
        require(address(token) == address(0));
        require(dst != address(0));

        //Enforce that address is indeed a preorder
        GunToken ct = GunToken(dst);

        token = ct;
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.4.13;

contract Ownable {
  address public owner;


  event OwnershipRenounced(address indexed previousOwner);
  event OwnershipTransferred(
    address indexed previousOwner,
    address indexed newOwner
  );


  /**
   * @dev The Ownable constructor sets the original `owner` of the contract to the sender
   * account.
   */
  constructor() public {
    owner = msg.sender;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
   */
  modifier onlyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == owner);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
    require(newOwner != address(0));
    emit OwnershipTransferred(owner, newOwner);
    owner = newOwner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to relinquish control of the contract.
   */
  function renounceOwnership() public onlyOwner {
    emit OwnershipRenounced(owner);
    owner = address(0);
  }
}

contract ERC20Basic {
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256);
  function balanceOf(address who) public view returns (uint256);
  function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public returns (bool);
  event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
}

contract ERC20 is ERC20Basic {
  function allowance(address owner, address spender)
    public view returns (uint256);

  function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value)
    public returns (bool);

  function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public returns (bool);
  event Approval(
    address indexed owner,
    address indexed spender,
    uint256 value
  );
}

contract TokenRecipient {
    event ReceivedEther(address indexed sender, uint amount);
    event ReceivedTokens(address indexed from, uint256 value, address indexed token, bytes extraData);

    /**
     * @dev Receive tokens and generate a log event
     * @param from Address from which to transfer tokens
     * @param value Amount of tokens to transfer
     * @param token Address of token
     * @param extraData Additional data to log
     */
    function receiveApproval(address from, uint256 value, address token, bytes extraData) public {
        ERC20 t = ERC20(token);
        require(t.transferFrom(from, this, value));
        emit ReceivedTokens(from, value, token, extraData);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Receive Ether and generate a log event
     */
    function () payable public {
        emit ReceivedEther(msg.sender, msg.value);
    }
}

contract ProxyRegistry is Ownable {

    /* DelegateProxy implementation contract. Must be initialized. */
    address public delegateProxyImplementation;

    /* Authenticated proxies by user. */
    mapping(address => OwnableDelegateProxy) public proxies;

    /* Contracts pending access. */
    mapping(address => uint) public pending;

    /* Contracts allowed to call those proxies. */
    mapping(address => bool) public contracts;

    /* Delay period for adding an authenticated contract.
       This mitigates a particular class of potential attack on the Wyvern DAO (which owns this registry) - if at any point the value of assets held by proxy contracts exceeded the value of half the WYV supply (votes in the DAO),
       a malicious but rational attacker could buy half the Wyvern and grant themselves access to all the proxy contracts. A delay period renders this attack nonthreatening - given two weeks, if that happened, users would have
       plenty of time to notice and transfer their assets.
    */
    uint public DELAY_PERIOD = 2 weeks;

    /**
     * Start the process to enable access for specified contract. Subject to delay period.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address to which to grant permissions
     */
    function startGrantAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(!contracts[addr] && pending[addr] == 0);
        pending[addr] = now;
    }

    /**
     * End the process to nable access for specified contract after delay period has passed.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address to which to grant permissions
     */
    function endGrantAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(!contracts[addr] && pending[addr] != 0 && ((pending[addr] + DELAY_PERIOD) < now));
        pending[addr] = 0;
        contracts[addr] = true;
    }

    /**
     * Revoke access for specified contract. Can be done instantly.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address of which to revoke permissions
     */    
    function revokeAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        contracts[addr] = false;
    }

    /**
     * Register a proxy contract with this registry
     *
     * @dev Must be called by the user which the proxy is for, creates a new AuthenticatedProxy
     * @return New AuthenticatedProxy contract
     */
    function registerProxy()
        public
        returns (OwnableDelegateProxy proxy)
    {
        require(proxies[msg.sender] == address(0));
        proxy = new OwnableDelegateProxy(msg.sender, delegateProxyImplementation, abi.encodeWithSignature("initialize(address,address)", msg.sender, address(this)));
        proxies[msg.sender] = proxy;
        return proxy;
    }

}

contract WyvernProxyRegistry is ProxyRegistry {

    string public constant name = "Project Wyvern Proxy Registry";

    /* Whether the initial auth address has been set. */
    bool public initialAddressSet = false;

    constructor ()
        public
    {
        delegateProxyImplementation = new AuthenticatedProxy();
    }

    /** 
     * Grant authentication to the initial Exchange protocol contract
     *
     * @dev No delay, can only be called once - after that the standard registry process with a delay must be used
     * @param authAddress Address of the contract to grant authentication
     */
    function grantInitialAuthentication (address authAddress)
        onlyOwner
        public
    {
        require(!initialAddressSet);
        initialAddressSet = true;
        contracts[authAddress] = true;
    }

}

contract OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {

  // Current implementation
  address internal _implementation;

  // Owner of the contract
  address private _upgradeabilityOwner;

  /**
   * @dev Tells the address of the owner
   * @return the address of the owner
   */
  function upgradeabilityOwner() public view returns (address) {
    return _upgradeabilityOwner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Sets the address of the owner
   */
  function setUpgradeabilityOwner(address newUpgradeabilityOwner) internal {
    _upgradeabilityOwner = newUpgradeabilityOwner;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Tells the address of the current implementation
  * @return address of the current implementation
  */
  function implementation() public view returns (address) {
    return _implementation;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Tells the proxy type (EIP 897)
  * @return Proxy type, 2 for forwarding proxy
  */
  function proxyType() public pure returns (uint256 proxyTypeId) {
    return 2;
  }
}

contract AuthenticatedProxy is TokenRecipient, OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {

    /* Whether initialized. */
    bool initialized = false;

    /* Address which owns this proxy. */
    address public user;

    /* Associated registry with contract authentication information. */
    ProxyRegistry public registry;

    /* Whether access has been revoked. */
    bool public revoked;

    /* Delegate call could be used to atomically transfer multiple assets owned by the proxy contract with one order. */
    enum HowToCall { Call, DelegateCall }

    /* Event fired when the proxy access is revoked or unrevoked. */
    event Revoked(bool revoked);

    /**
     * Initialize an AuthenticatedProxy
     *
     * @param addrUser Address of user on whose behalf this proxy will act
     * @param addrRegistry Address of ProxyRegistry contract which will manage this proxy
     */
    function initialize (address addrUser, ProxyRegistry addrRegistry)
        public
    {
        require(!initialized);
        initialized = true;
        user = addrUser;
        registry = addrRegistry;
    }

    /**
     * Set the revoked flag (allows a user to revoke ProxyRegistry access)
     *
     * @dev Can be called by the user only
     * @param revoke Whether or not to revoke access
     */
    function setRevoke(bool revoke)
        public
    {
        require(msg.sender == user);
        revoked = revoke;
        emit Revoked(revoke);
    }

    /**
     * Execute a message call from the proxy contract
     *
     * @dev Can be called by the user, or by a contract authorized by the registry as long as the user has not revoked access
     * @param dest Address to which the call will be sent
     * @param howToCall Which kind of call to make
     * @param calldata Calldata to send
     * @return Result of the call (success or failure)
     */
    function proxy(address dest, HowToCall howToCall, bytes calldata)
        public
        returns (bool result)
    {
        require(msg.sender == user || (!revoked && registry.contracts(msg.sender)));
        if (howToCall == HowToCall.Call) {
            result = dest.call(calldata);
        } else if (howToCall == HowToCall.DelegateCall) {
            result = dest.delegatecall(calldata);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Execute a message call and assert success
     * 
     * @dev Same functionality as `proxy`, just asserts the return value
     * @param dest Address to which the call will be sent
     * @param howToCall What kind of call to make
     * @param calldata Calldata to send
     */
    function proxyAssert(address dest, HowToCall howToCall, bytes calldata)
        public
    {
        require(proxy(dest, howToCall, calldata));
    }

}

contract Proxy {

  /**
  * @dev Tells the address of the implementation where every call will be delegated.
  * @return address of the implementation to which it will be delegated
  */
  function implementation() public view returns (address);

  /**
  * @dev Tells the type of proxy (EIP 897)
  * @return Type of proxy, 2 for upgradeable proxy
  */
  function proxyType() public pure returns (uint256 proxyTypeId);

  /**
  * @dev Fallback function allowing to perform a delegatecall to the given implementation.
  * This function will return whatever the implementation call returns
  */
  function () payable public {
    address _impl = implementation();
    require(_impl != address(0));

    assembly {
      let ptr := mload(0x40)
      calldatacopy(ptr, 0, calldatasize)
      let result := delegatecall(gas, _impl, ptr, calldatasize, 0, 0)
      let size := returndatasize
      returndatacopy(ptr, 0, size)

      switch result
      case 0 { revert(ptr, size) }
      default { return(ptr, size) }
    }
  }
}

contract OwnedUpgradeabilityProxy is Proxy, OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {
  /**
  * @dev Event to show ownership has been transferred
  * @param previousOwner representing the address of the previous owner
  * @param newOwner representing the address of the new owner
  */
  event ProxyOwnershipTransferred(address previousOwner, address newOwner);

  /**
  * @dev This event will be emitted every time the implementation gets upgraded
  * @param implementation representing the address of the upgraded implementation
  */
  event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

  /**
  * @dev Upgrades the implementation address
  * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set
  */
  function _upgradeTo(address implementation) internal {
    require(_implementation != implementation);
    _implementation = implementation;
    emit Upgraded(implementation);
  }

  /**
  * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
  */
  modifier onlyProxyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == proxyOwner());
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Tells the address of the proxy owner
   * @return the address of the proxy owner
   */
  function proxyOwner() public view returns (address) {
    return upgradeabilityOwner();
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferProxyOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyProxyOwner {
    require(newOwner != address(0));
    emit ProxyOwnershipTransferred(proxyOwner(), newOwner);
    setUpgradeabilityOwner(newOwner);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the upgradeability owner to upgrade the current implementation of the proxy.
   * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set.
   */
  function upgradeTo(address implementation) public onlyProxyOwner {
    _upgradeTo(implementation);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the upgradeability owner to upgrade the current implementation of the proxy
   * and delegatecall the new implementation for initialization.
   * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set.
   * @param data represents the msg.data to bet sent in the low level call. This parameter may include the function
   * signature of the implementation to be called with the needed payload
   */
  function upgradeToAndCall(address implementation, bytes data) payable public onlyProxyOwner {
    upgradeTo(implementation);
    require(address(this).delegatecall(data));
  }
}

contract OwnableDelegateProxy is OwnedUpgradeabilityProxy {

    constructor(address owner, address initialImplementation, bytes calldata)
        public
    {
        setUpgradeabilityOwner(owner);
        _upgradeTo(initialImplementation);
        require(initialImplementation.delegatecall(calldata));
    }

}

contract OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {

  // Current implementation
  address internal _implementation;

  // Owner of the contract
  address private _upgradeabilityOwner;

  /**
   * @dev Tells the address of the owner
   * @return the address of the owner
   */
  function upgradeabilityOwner() public view returns (address) {
    return _upgradeabilityOwner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Sets the address of the owner
   */
  function setUpgradeabilityOwner(address newUpgradeabilityOwner) internal {
    _upgradeabilityOwner = newUpgradeabilityOwner;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Tells the address of the current implementation
  * @return address of the current implementation
  */
  function implementation() public view returns (address) {
    return _implementation;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Tells the proxy type (EIP 897)
  * @return Proxy type, 2 for forwarding proxy
  */
  function proxyType() public pure returns (uint256 proxyTypeId) {
    return 2;
  }
}



contract Proxy {

  /**
  * @dev Tells the address of the implementation where every call will be delegated.
  * @return address of the implementation to which it will be delegated
  */
  function implementation() public view returns (address);

  /**
  * @dev Tells the type of proxy (EIP 897)
  * @return Type of proxy, 2 for upgradeable proxy
  */
  function proxyType() public pure returns (uint256 proxyTypeId);

  /**
  * @dev Fallback function allowing to perform a delegatecall to the given implementation.
  * This function will return whatever the implementation call returns
  */
  function () payable public {
    address _impl = implementation();
    require(_impl != address(0));

    assembly {
      let ptr := mload(0x40)
      calldatacopy(ptr, 0, calldatasize)
      let result := delegatecall(gas, _impl, ptr, calldatasize, 0, 0)
      let size := returndatasize
      returndatacopy(ptr, 0, size)

      switch result
      case 0 { revert(ptr, size) }
      default { return(ptr, size) }
    }
  }
}

contract OwnedUpgradeabilityProxy is Proxy, OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {
  /**
  * @dev Event to show ownership has been transferred
  * @param previousOwner representing the address of the previous owner
  * @param newOwner representing the address of the new owner
  */
  event ProxyOwnershipTransferred(address previousOwner, address newOwner);

  /**
  * @dev This event will be emitted every time the implementation gets upgraded
  * @param implementation representing the address of the upgraded implementation
  */
  event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

  /**
  * @dev Upgrades the implementation address
  * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set
  */
  function _upgradeTo(address implementation) internal {
    require(_implementation != implementation);
    _implementation = implementation;
    emit Upgraded(implementation);
  }

  /**
  * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
  */
  modifier onlyProxyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == proxyOwner());
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Tells the address of the proxy owner
   * @return the address of the proxy owner
   */
  function proxyOwner() public view returns (address) {
    return upgradeabilityOwner();
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferProxyOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyProxyOwner {
    require(newOwner != address(0));
    emit ProxyOwnershipTransferred(proxyOwner(), newOwner);
    setUpgradeabilityOwner(newOwner);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the upgradeability owner to upgrade the current implementation of the proxy.
   * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set.
   */
  function upgradeTo(address implementation) public onlyProxyOwner {
    _upgradeTo(implementation);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the upgradeability owner to upgrade the current implementation of the proxy
   * and delegatecall the new implementation for initialization.
   * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set.
   * @param data represents the msg.data to bet sent in the low level call. This parameter may include the function
   * signature of the implementation to be called with the needed payload
   */
  function upgradeToAndCall(address implementation, bytes data) payable public onlyProxyOwner {
    upgradeTo(implementation);
    require(address(this).delegatecall(data));
  }
}


contract OwnableDelegateProxy is OwnedUpgradeabilityProxy {

    constructor(address owner, address initialImplementation, bytes calldata)
        public
    {
        setUpgradeabilityOwner(owner);
        _upgradeTo(initialImplementation);
        require(initialImplementation.delegatecall(calldata));
    }

}

pragma solidity ^0.4.13;

contract Ownable {
  address public owner;


  event OwnershipRenounced(address indexed previousOwner);
  event OwnershipTransferred(
    address indexed previousOwner,
    address indexed newOwner
  );


  /**
   * @dev The Ownable constructor sets the original `owner` of the contract to the sender
   * account.
   */
  constructor() public {
    owner = msg.sender;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
   */
  modifier onlyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == owner);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
    require(newOwner != address(0));
    emit OwnershipTransferred(owner, newOwner);
    owner = newOwner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to relinquish control of the contract.
   */
  function renounceOwnership() public onlyOwner {
    emit OwnershipRenounced(owner);
    owner = address(0);
  }
}

contract ERC20Basic {
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256);
  function balanceOf(address who) public view returns (uint256);
  function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public returns (bool);
  event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
}

contract ERC20 is ERC20Basic {
  function allowance(address owner, address spender)
    public view returns (uint256);

  function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value)
    public returns (bool);

  function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public returns (bool);
  event Approval(
    address indexed owner,
    address indexed spender,
    uint256 value
  );
}

contract ProxyRegistry is Ownable {

    /* DelegateProxy implementation contract. Must be initialized. */
    address public delegateProxyImplementation;

    /* Authenticated proxies by user. */
    mapping(address => OwnableDelegateProxy) public proxies;

    /* Contracts pending access. */
    mapping(address => uint) public pending;

    /* Contracts allowed to call those proxies. */
    mapping(address => bool) public contracts;

    /* Delay period for adding an authenticated contract.
       This mitigates a particular class of potential attack on the Wyvern DAO (which owns this registry) - if at any point the value of assets held by proxy contracts exceeded the value of half the WYV supply (votes in the DAO),
       a malicious but rational attacker could buy half the Wyvern and grant themselves access to all the proxy contracts. A delay period renders this attack nonthreatening - given two weeks, if that happened, users would have
       plenty of time to notice and transfer their assets.
    */
    uint public DELAY_PERIOD = 2 weeks;

    /**
     * Start the process to enable access for specified contract. Subject to delay period.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address to which to grant permissions
     */
    function startGrantAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(!contracts[addr] && pending[addr] == 0);
        pending[addr] = now;
    }

    /**
     * End the process to nable access for specified contract after delay period has passed.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address to which to grant permissions
     */
    function endGrantAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(!contracts[addr] && pending[addr] != 0 && ((pending[addr] + DELAY_PERIOD) < now));
        pending[addr] = 0;
        contracts[addr] = true;
    }

    /**
     * Revoke access for specified contract. Can be done instantly.
     *
     * @dev ProxyRegistry owner only
     * @param addr Address of which to revoke permissions
     */    
    function revokeAuthentication (address addr)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        contracts[addr] = false;
    }

    /**
     * Register a proxy contract with this registry
     *
     * @dev Must be called by the user which the proxy is for, creates a new AuthenticatedProxy
     * @return New AuthenticatedProxy contract
     */
    function registerProxy()
        public
        returns (OwnableDelegateProxy proxy)
    {
        require(proxies[msg.sender] == address(0));
        proxy = new OwnableDelegateProxy(msg.sender, delegateProxyImplementation, abi.encodeWithSignature("initialize(address,address)", msg.sender, address(this)));
        proxies[msg.sender] = proxy;
        return proxy;
    }

}

contract TokenRecipient {
    event ReceivedEther(address indexed sender, uint amount);
    event ReceivedTokens(address indexed from, uint256 value, address indexed token, bytes extraData);

    /**
     * @dev Receive tokens and generate a log event
     * @param from Address from which to transfer tokens
     * @param value Amount of tokens to transfer
     * @param token Address of token
     * @param extraData Additional data to log
     */
    function receiveApproval(address from, uint256 value, address token, bytes extraData) public {
        ERC20 t = ERC20(token);
        require(t.transferFrom(from, this, value));
        emit ReceivedTokens(from, value, token, extraData);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Receive Ether and generate a log event
     */
    function () payable public {
        emit ReceivedEther(msg.sender, msg.value);
    }
}

contract OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {

  // Current implementation
  address internal _implementation;

  // Owner of the contract
  address private _upgradeabilityOwner;

  /**
   * @dev Tells the address of the owner
   * @return the address of the owner
   */
  function upgradeabilityOwner() public view returns (address) {
    return _upgradeabilityOwner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Sets the address of the owner
   */
  function setUpgradeabilityOwner(address newUpgradeabilityOwner) internal {
    _upgradeabilityOwner = newUpgradeabilityOwner;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Tells the address of the current implementation
  * @return address of the current implementation
  */
  function implementation() public view returns (address) {
    return _implementation;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Tells the proxy type (EIP 897)
  * @return Proxy type, 2 for forwarding proxy
  */
  function proxyType() public pure returns (uint256 proxyTypeId) {
    return 2;
  }
}

contract AuthenticatedProxy is TokenRecipient, OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {

    /* Whether initialized. */
    bool initialized = false;

    /* Address which owns this proxy. */
    address public user;

    /* Associated registry with contract authentication information. */
    ProxyRegistry public registry;

    /* Whether access has been revoked. */
    bool public revoked;

    /* Delegate call could be used to atomically transfer multiple assets owned by the proxy contract with one order. */
    enum HowToCall { Call, DelegateCall }

    /* Event fired when the proxy access is revoked or unrevoked. */
    event Revoked(bool revoked);

    /**
     * Initialize an AuthenticatedProxy
     *
     * @param addrUser Address of user on whose behalf this proxy will act
     * @param addrRegistry Address of ProxyRegistry contract which will manage this proxy
     */
    function initialize (address addrUser, ProxyRegistry addrRegistry)
        public
    {
        require(!initialized);
        initialized = true;
        user = addrUser;
        registry = addrRegistry;
    }

    /**
     * Set the revoked flag (allows a user to revoke ProxyRegistry access)
     *
     * @dev Can be called by the user only
     * @param revoke Whether or not to revoke access
     */
    function setRevoke(bool revoke)
        public
    {
        require(msg.sender == user);
        revoked = revoke;
        emit Revoked(revoke);
    }

    /**
     * Execute a message call from the proxy contract
     *
     * @dev Can be called by the user, or by a contract authorized by the registry as long as the user has not revoked access
     * @param dest Address to which the call will be sent
     * @param howToCall Which kind of call to make
     * @param calldata Calldata to send
     * @return Result of the call (success or failure)
     */
    function proxy(address dest, HowToCall howToCall, bytes calldata)
        public
        returns (bool result)
    {
        require(msg.sender == user || (!revoked && registry.contracts(msg.sender)));
        if (howToCall == HowToCall.Call) {
            result = dest.call(calldata);
        } else if (howToCall == HowToCall.DelegateCall) {
            result = dest.delegatecall(calldata);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Execute a message call and assert success
     * 
     * @dev Same functionality as `proxy`, just asserts the return value
     * @param dest Address to which the call will be sent
     * @param howToCall What kind of call to make
     * @param calldata Calldata to send
     */
    function proxyAssert(address dest, HowToCall howToCall, bytes calldata)
        public
    {
        require(proxy(dest, howToCall, calldata));
    }

}

contract Proxy {

  /**
  * @dev Tells the address of the implementation where every call will be delegated.
  * @return address of the implementation to which it will be delegated
  */
  function implementation() public view returns (address);

  /**
  * @dev Tells the type of proxy (EIP 897)
  * @return Type of proxy, 2 for upgradeable proxy
  */
  function proxyType() public pure returns (uint256 proxyTypeId);

  /**
  * @dev Fallback function allowing to perform a delegatecall to the given implementation.
  * This function will return whatever the implementation call returns
  */
  function () payable public {
    address _impl = implementation();
    require(_impl != address(0));

    assembly {
      let ptr := mload(0x40)
      calldatacopy(ptr, 0, calldatasize)
      let result := delegatecall(gas, _impl, ptr, calldatasize, 0, 0)
      let size := returndatasize
      returndatacopy(ptr, 0, size)

      switch result
      case 0 { revert(ptr, size) }
      default { return(ptr, size) }
    }
  }
}

contract OwnedUpgradeabilityProxy is Proxy, OwnedUpgradeabilityStorage {
  /**
  * @dev Event to show ownership has been transferred
  * @param previousOwner representing the address of the previous owner
  * @param newOwner representing the address of the new owner
  */
  event ProxyOwnershipTransferred(address previousOwner, address newOwner);

  /**
  * @dev This event will be emitted every time the implementation gets upgraded
  * @param implementation representing the address of the upgraded implementation
  */
  event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

  /**
  * @dev Upgrades the implementation address
  * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set
  */
  function _upgradeTo(address implementation) internal {
    require(_implementation != implementation);
    _implementation = implementation;
    emit Upgraded(implementation);
  }

  /**
  * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
  */
  modifier onlyProxyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == proxyOwner());
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Tells the address of the proxy owner
   * @return the address of the proxy owner
   */
  function proxyOwner() public view returns (address) {
    return upgradeabilityOwner();
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferProxyOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyProxyOwner {
    require(newOwner != address(0));
    emit ProxyOwnershipTransferred(proxyOwner(), newOwner);
    setUpgradeabilityOwner(newOwner);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the upgradeability owner to upgrade the current implementation of the proxy.
   * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set.
   */
  function upgradeTo(address implementation) public onlyProxyOwner {
    _upgradeTo(implementation);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the upgradeability owner to upgrade the current implementation of the proxy
   * and delegatecall the new implementation for initialization.
   * @param implementation representing the address of the new implementation to be set.
   * @param data represents the msg.data to bet sent in the low level call. This parameter may include the function
   * signature of the implementation to be called with the needed payload
   */
  function upgradeToAndCall(address implementation, bytes data) payable public onlyProxyOwner {
    upgradeTo(implementation);
    require(address(this).delegatecall(data));
  }
}

contract OwnableDelegateProxy is OwnedUpgradeabilityProxy {

    constructor(address owner, address initialImplementation, bytes calldata)
        public
    {
        setUpgradeabilityOwner(owner);
        _upgradeTo(initialImplementation);
        require(initialImplementation.delegatecall(calldata));
    }

}