ETH Price: $1,975.77 (-1.99%)
Gas: 0.03 Gwei

Transaction Decoder

Block:
14963355 at Jun-14-2022 07:10:02 PM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.005249523464507 ETH $10.37
Gas Used:
195,335 Gas / 26.8744642 Gwei

Emitted Events:

13 WETH9.Deposit( dst=0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631, wad=430000000000000000 )
14 WETH9.Transfer( src=0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631, dst=0x111BB8c3542F2B92fb41B8d913c01D3788431111, wad=426805100000000000 )
15 AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef( 0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef, 0x000000000000000000000000111bb8c3542f2b92fb41b8d913c01d3788431111, 0x00000000000000000000000074de5d4fcbf63e00296fd95d33236b9794016631, 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001bc21b03ee388a7a00 )
16 AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef( 0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef, 0x000000000000000000000000111bb8c3542f2b92fb41b8d913c01d3788431111, 0x0000000000000000000000007296333e1615721f4bd9df1a3070537484a50cf8, 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004f96a032975db60 )
17 Swap.Swap( nonce=1655233717, timestamp=1655233802, signerWallet=0x111BB8c3542F2B92fb41B8d913c01D3788431111, signerToken=AdminUpgradeabilityProxy, signerAmount=512048867379572800000, protocolFee=7, senderWallet=0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631, senderToken=WETH9, senderAmount=426805100000000000 )
18 WETH9.Withdrawal( src=0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631, wad=3194900000000000 )
19 AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef( 0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef, 0x00000000000000000000000074de5d4fcbf63e00296fd95d33236b9794016631, 0x000000000000000000000000b2ba1bb6da0e699b9c5cd2f91dc1465b7faec1b2, 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001bc21b03ee388a7a00 )
20 0x881d40237659c251811cec9c364ef91dc08d300c.0xbeee1e6e7fe307ddcf84b0a16137a4430ad5e2480fc4f4a8e250ab56ccd7630d( 0xbeee1e6e7fe307ddcf84b0a16137a4430ad5e2480fc4f4a8e250ab56ccd7630d, 0x0f15df26153967931fbcb8c0d3b573946eced4ef196e2d07ec13f437ff36584e, 0x000000000000000000000000b2ba1bb6da0e699b9c5cd2f91dc1465b7faec1b2 )

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
(2Miners: PPLNS)
7,578.058415063538081741 Eth7,578.058701054551545281 Eth0.00028599101346354
0x4Fabb145...A623C7C53
0x522D6F36...bB582F2A6
0xb2ba1Bb6...b7faec1B2
0.449579012748566168 Eth
Nonce: 28
0.014329489284059168 Eth
Nonce: 29
0.435249523464507
0xC02aaA39...83C756Cc2 5,353,578.349853835397304841 Eth5,353,578.776658935397304841 Eth0.4268051
0xF326e4dE...3c79f1915
(MetaMask: DS Proxy)
26,840.209935030073443738 Eth26,840.213129930073443738 Eth0.0031949

Execution Trace

ETH 0.43 Metamask: Swap Router.5f575529( )
  • ETH 0.43 MetaMask: Swaps Spender.e3547335( )
    • ETH 0.43 0x3ca32da2c9d972e0435ea8ce0d9107e564f88e2a.4495c088( )
      • ETH 0.43 WETH9.CALL( )
      • WETH9.allowance( 0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631, 0x522D6F36c95A1b6509A14272C17747BbB582F2A6 ) => ( 115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007913129639935 )
      • Swap.light( nonce=1655233717, expiry=1655233907, signerWallet=0x111BB8c3542F2B92fb41B8d913c01D3788431111, signerToken=0x4Fabb145d64652a948d72533023f6E7A623C7C53, signerAmount=512048867379572800000, senderToken=0xC02aaA39b223FE8D0A0e5C4F27eAD9083C756Cc2, senderAmount=426805100000000000, v=28, r=580DB3790E06C2E272826E79FE3C3B24E5C62C4183862B8D8F84EA765A299351, s=10A6D15147602F67C88D352D7DF0AA1DF709D487ACA3E40E7BFCFC93DBD9F4CA )
        • Null: 0x000...001.6022fcd5( )
        • WETH9.transferFrom( src=0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631, dst=0x111BB8c3542F2B92fb41B8d913c01D3788431111, wad=426805100000000000 ) => ( True )
        • AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.23b872dd( )
          • BUSDImplementation.transferFrom( _from=0x111BB8c3542F2B92fb41B8d913c01D3788431111, _to=0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631, _value=512048867379572800000 ) => ( True )
          • AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.23b872dd( )
            • BUSDImplementation.transferFrom( _from=0x111BB8c3542F2B92fb41B8d913c01D3788431111, _to=0x7296333e1615721f4Bd9Df1a3070537484A50CF8, _value=358434207165700960 ) => ( True )
            • WETH9.withdraw( wad=3194900000000000 )
              • ETH 0.0031949 MetaMask: Swaps Spender.CALL( )
              • ETH 0.0031949 Proxy.CALL( )
              • WETH9.balanceOf( 0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631 ) => ( 0 )
              • AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.70a08231( )
                • BUSDImplementation.balanceOf( _addr=0x74de5d4FCbf63E00296fd95d33236B9794016631 ) => ( 512048867379572800000 )
                • AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.a9059cbb( )
                  • BUSDImplementation.transfer( _to=0xb2ba1Bb6Da0e699B9c5CD2F91dc1465b7faec1B2, _value=512048867379572800000 ) => ( True )
                    File 1 of 6: WETH9
                    // Copyright (C) 2015, 2016, 2017 Dapphub
                    
                    // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
                    // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
                    // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
                    // (at your option) any later version.
                    
                    // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
                    // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
                    // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
                    // GNU General Public License for more details.
                    
                    // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
                    // along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
                    
                    pragma solidity ^0.4.18;
                    
                    contract WETH9 {
                        string public name     = "Wrapped Ether";
                        string public symbol   = "WETH";
                        uint8  public decimals = 18;
                    
                        event  Approval(address indexed src, address indexed guy, uint wad);
                        event  Transfer(address indexed src, address indexed dst, uint wad);
                        event  Deposit(address indexed dst, uint wad);
                        event  Withdrawal(address indexed src, uint wad);
                    
                        mapping (address => uint)                       public  balanceOf;
                        mapping (address => mapping (address => uint))  public  allowance;
                    
                        function() public payable {
                            deposit();
                        }
                        function deposit() public payable {
                            balanceOf[msg.sender] += msg.value;
                            Deposit(msg.sender, msg.value);
                        }
                        function withdraw(uint wad) public {
                            require(balanceOf[msg.sender] >= wad);
                            balanceOf[msg.sender] -= wad;
                            msg.sender.transfer(wad);
                            Withdrawal(msg.sender, wad);
                        }
                    
                        function totalSupply() public view returns (uint) {
                            return this.balance;
                        }
                    
                        function approve(address guy, uint wad) public returns (bool) {
                            allowance[msg.sender][guy] = wad;
                            Approval(msg.sender, guy, wad);
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        function transfer(address dst, uint wad) public returns (bool) {
                            return transferFrom(msg.sender, dst, wad);
                        }
                    
                        function transferFrom(address src, address dst, uint wad)
                            public
                            returns (bool)
                        {
                            require(balanceOf[src] >= wad);
                    
                            if (src != msg.sender && allowance[src][msg.sender] != uint(-1)) {
                                require(allowance[src][msg.sender] >= wad);
                                allowance[src][msg.sender] -= wad;
                            }
                    
                            balanceOf[src] -= wad;
                            balanceOf[dst] += wad;
                    
                            Transfer(src, dst, wad);
                    
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    /*
                                        GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
                                           Version 3, 29 June 2007
                    
                     Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
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                      11. Patents.
                    
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                    the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
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                    or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
                    
                      Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
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                    otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
                    
                      12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
                    
                      If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
                    otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
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                    covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
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                    not convey it at all.  For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
                    to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
                    the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
                    License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
                    
                      13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
                    
                      Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
                    permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
                    under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
                    combined work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this
                    License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
                    but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
                    section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
                    combination as such.
                    
                      14. Revised Versions of this License.
                    
                      The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
                    the GNU General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
                    be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
                    address new problems or concerns.
                    
                      Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the
                    Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
                    Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
                    option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
                    version or of any later version published by the Free Software
                    Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of the
                    GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
                    by the Free Software Foundation.
                    
                      If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
                    versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
                    public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
                    to choose that version for the Program.
                    
                      Later license versions may give you additional or different
                    permissions.  However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
                    author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
                    later version.
                    
                      15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
                    
                      THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
                    APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
                    HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
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                      16. Limitation of Liability.
                    
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                    GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
                    USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
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                    SUCH DAMAGES.
                    
                      17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
                    
                      If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
                    above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
                    reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
                    an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
                    Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
                    copy of the Program in return for a fee.
                    
                                         END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
                    
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                    possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
                    free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
                    
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                    to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
                    state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
                    the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
                    
                        <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
                        Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
                    
                        This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
                        it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
                        the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
                        (at your option) any later version.
                    
                        This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
                        but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
                        MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
                        GNU General Public License for more details.
                    
                        You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
                        along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
                    
                    Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
                    
                      If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
                    notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
                    
                        <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
                        This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
                        This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
                        under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
                    
                    The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
                    parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
                    might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
                    
                      You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
                    if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
                    For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
                    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
                    
                      The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
                    into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
                    may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
                    the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
                    Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
                    <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
                    
                    */

                    File 2 of 6: AdminUpgradeabilityProxy
                    // File: contracts/zeppelin/Proxy.sol
                    
                    pragma solidity 0.4.24;
                    
                    /**
                     * @title Proxy
                     * @dev Implements delegation of calls to other contracts, with proper
                     * forwarding of return values and bubbling of failures.
                     * It defines a fallback function that delegates all calls to the address
                     * returned by the abstract _implementation() internal function.
                     */
                    contract Proxy {
                        /**
                         * @dev Fallback function.
                         * Implemented entirely in `_fallback`.
                         */
                        function () payable external {
                            _fallback();
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @return The Address of the implementation.
                         */
                        function _implementation() internal view returns (address);
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Delegates execution to an implementation contract.
                         * This is a low level function that doesn't return to its internal call site.
                         * It will return to the external caller whatever the implementation returns.
                         * @param implementation Address to delegate.
                         */
                        function _delegate(address implementation) internal {
                            assembly {
                            // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
                            // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
                            // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
                                calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize)
                    
                            // Call the implementation.
                            // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
                                let result := delegatecall(gas, implementation, 0, calldatasize, 0, 0)
                    
                            // Copy the returned data.
                                returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize)
                    
                                switch result
                                // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
                                case 0 { revert(0, returndatasize) }
                                default { return(0, returndatasize) }
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Function that is run as the first thing in the fallback function.
                         * Can be redefined in derived contracts to add functionality.
                         * Redefinitions must call super._willFallback().
                         */
                        function _willFallback() internal {
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev fallback implementation.
                         * Extracted to enable manual triggering.
                         */
                        function _fallback() internal {
                            _willFallback();
                            _delegate(_implementation());
                        }
                    }
                    
                    // File: contracts/zeppelin/AddressUtils.sol
                    
                    pragma solidity 0.4.24;
                    
                    
                    /**
                     * Utility library of inline functions on addresses
                     */
                    library AddressUtils {
                    
                        /**
                         * Returns whether the target address is a contract
                         * @dev This function will return false if invoked during the constructor of a contract,
                         * as the code is not actually created until after the constructor finishes.
                         * @param addr address to check
                         * @return whether the target address is a contract
                         */
                        function isContract(address addr) internal view returns (bool) {
                            uint256 size;
                            // XXX Currently there is no better way to check if there is a contract in an address
                            // than to check the size of the code at that address.
                            // See https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/a/14016/36603
                            // for more details about how this works.
                            // TODO Check this again before the Serenity release, because all addresses will be
                            // contracts then.
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly { size := extcodesize(addr) }
                            return size > 0;
                        }
                    
                    }
                    
                    // File: contracts/zeppelin/UpgradeabilityProxy.sol
                    
                    pragma solidity 0.4.24;
                    
                    
                    
                    /**
                     * @title UpgradeabilityProxy
                     * @dev This contract implements a proxy that allows to change the
                     * implementation address to which it will delegate.
                     * Such a change is called an implementation upgrade.
                     */
                    contract UpgradeabilityProxy is Proxy {
                        /**
                         * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
                         * @param implementation Address of the new implementation.
                         */
                        event Upgraded(address implementation);
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
                         * This is the keccak-256 hash of "org.zeppelinos.proxy.implementation", and is
                         * validated in the constructor.
                         */
                        bytes32 private constant IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x7050c9e0f4ca769c69bd3a8ef740bc37934f8e2c036e5a723fd8ee048ed3f8c3;
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Contract constructor.
                         * @param _implementation Address of the initial implementation.
                         */
                        constructor(address _implementation) public {
                            assert(IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT == keccak256("org.zeppelinos.proxy.implementation"));
                    
                            _setImplementation(_implementation);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the current implementation.
                         * @return Address of the current implementation
                         */
                        function _implementation() internal view returns (address impl) {
                            bytes32 slot = IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
                            assembly {
                                impl := sload(slot)
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Upgrades the proxy to a new implementation.
                         * @param newImplementation Address of the new implementation.
                         */
                        function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
                            _setImplementation(newImplementation);
                            emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Sets the implementation address of the proxy.
                         * @param newImplementation Address of the new implementation.
                         */
                        function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
                            require(AddressUtils.isContract(newImplementation), "Cannot set a proxy implementation to a non-contract address");
                    
                            bytes32 slot = IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
                    
                            assembly {
                                sstore(slot, newImplementation)
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    // File: contracts/zeppelin/AdminUpgradeabilityProxy.sol
                    
                    pragma solidity 0.4.24;
                    
                    
                    /**
                     * @title AdminUpgradeabilityProxy
                     * @dev This contract combines an upgradeability proxy with an authorization
                     * mechanism for administrative tasks.
                     * All external functions in this contract must be guarded by the
                     * `ifAdmin` modifier. See ethereum/solidity#3864 for a Solidity
                     * feature proposal that would enable this to be done automatically.
                     */
                    contract AdminUpgradeabilityProxy is UpgradeabilityProxy {
                        /**
                         * @dev Emitted when the administration has been transferred.
                         * @param previousAdmin Address of the previous admin.
                         * @param newAdmin Address of the new admin.
                         */
                        event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
                         * This is the keccak-256 hash of "org.zeppelinos.proxy.admin", and is
                         * validated in the constructor.
                         */
                        bytes32 private constant ADMIN_SLOT = 0x10d6a54a4754c8869d6886b5f5d7fbfa5b4522237ea5c60d11bc4e7a1ff9390b;
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Modifier to check whether the `msg.sender` is the admin.
                         * If it is, it will run the function. Otherwise, it will delegate the call
                         * to the implementation.
                         */
                        modifier ifAdmin() {
                            if (msg.sender == _admin()) {
                                _;
                            } else {
                                _fallback();
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * Contract constructor.
                         * It sets the `msg.sender` as the proxy administrator.
                         * @param _implementation address of the initial implementation.
                         */
                        constructor(address _implementation) UpgradeabilityProxy(_implementation) public {
                            assert(ADMIN_SLOT == keccak256("org.zeppelinos.proxy.admin"));
                    
                            _setAdmin(msg.sender);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @return The address of the proxy admin.
                         */
                        function admin() external view ifAdmin returns (address) {
                            return _admin();
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @return The address of the implementation.
                         */
                        function implementation() external view ifAdmin returns (address) {
                            return _implementation();
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
                         * Only the current admin can call this function.
                         * @param newAdmin Address to transfer proxy administration to.
                         */
                        function changeAdmin(address newAdmin) external ifAdmin {
                            require(newAdmin != address(0), "Cannot change the admin of a proxy to the zero address");
                            emit AdminChanged(_admin(), newAdmin);
                            _setAdmin(newAdmin);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Upgrade the backing implementation of the proxy.
                         * Only the admin can call this function.
                         * @param newImplementation Address of the new implementation.
                         */
                        function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) external ifAdmin {
                            _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Upgrade the backing implementation of the proxy and call a function
                         * on the new implementation.
                         * This is useful to initialize the proxied contract.
                         * @param newImplementation Address of the new implementation.
                         * @param data Data to send as msg.data in the low level call.
                         * It should include the signature and the parameters of the function to be
                         * called, as described in
                         * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/develop/abi-spec.html#function-selector-and-argument-encoding.
                         */
                        function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes data) payable external ifAdmin {
                            _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
                            require(address(this).call.value(msg.value)(data));
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @return The admin slot.
                         */
                        function _admin() internal view returns (address adm) {
                            bytes32 slot = ADMIN_SLOT;
                            assembly {
                                adm := sload(slot)
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Sets the address of the proxy admin.
                         * @param newAdmin Address of the new proxy admin.
                         */
                        function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
                            bytes32 slot = ADMIN_SLOT;
                    
                            assembly {
                                sstore(slot, newAdmin)
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Only fall back when the sender is not the admin.
                         */
                        function _willFallback() internal {
                            require(msg.sender != _admin(), "Cannot call fallback function from the proxy admin");
                            super._willFallback();
                        }
                    }

                    File 3 of 6: Swap
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    /* solhint-disable var-name-mixedcase */
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
                    import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
                    import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
                    import "./interfaces/ISwap.sol";
                    /**
                     * @title AirSwap: Atomic Token Swap
                     * @notice https://www.airswap.io/
                     */
                    contract Swap is ISwap, Ownable {
                      using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
                      bytes32 public constant DOMAIN_TYPEHASH =
                        keccak256(
                          abi.encodePacked(
                            "EIP712Domain(",
                            "string name,",
                            "string version,",
                            "uint256 chainId,",
                            "address verifyingContract",
                            ")"
                          )
                        );
                      bytes32 public constant ORDER_TYPEHASH =
                        keccak256(
                          abi.encodePacked(
                            "Order(",
                            "uint256 nonce,",
                            "uint256 expiry,",
                            "address signerWallet,",
                            "address signerToken,",
                            "uint256 signerAmount,",
                            "uint256 protocolFee,",
                            "address senderWallet,",
                            "address senderToken,",
                            "uint256 senderAmount",
                            ")"
                          )
                        );
                      bytes32 public constant DOMAIN_NAME = keccak256("SWAP");
                      bytes32 public constant DOMAIN_VERSION = keccak256("3");
                      uint256 public immutable DOMAIN_CHAIN_ID;
                      bytes32 public immutable DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
                      uint256 internal constant MAX_PERCENTAGE = 100;
                      uint256 internal constant MAX_SCALE = 77;
                      uint256 internal constant MAX_ERROR_COUNT = 6;
                      uint256 public constant FEE_DIVISOR = 10000;
                      /**
                       * @notice Double mapping of signers to nonce groups to nonce states
                       * @dev The nonce group is computed as nonce / 256, so each group of 256 sequential nonces uses the same key
                       * @dev The nonce states are encoded as 256 bits, for each nonce in the group 0 means available and 1 means used
                       */
                      mapping(address => mapping(uint256 => uint256)) internal _nonceGroups;
                      mapping(address => address) public override authorized;
                      uint256 public protocolFee;
                      uint256 public protocolFeeLight;
                      address public protocolFeeWallet;
                      uint256 public rebateScale;
                      uint256 public rebateMax;
                      address public staking;
                      constructor(
                        uint256 _protocolFee,
                        uint256 _protocolFeeLight,
                        address _protocolFeeWallet,
                        uint256 _rebateScale,
                        uint256 _rebateMax,
                        address _staking
                      ) {
                        require(_protocolFee < FEE_DIVISOR, "INVALID_FEE");
                        require(_protocolFeeLight < FEE_DIVISOR, "INVALID_FEE");
                        require(_protocolFeeWallet != address(0), "INVALID_FEE_WALLET");
                        require(_rebateScale <= MAX_SCALE, "SCALE_TOO_HIGH");
                        require(_rebateMax <= MAX_PERCENTAGE, "MAX_TOO_HIGH");
                        require(_staking != address(0), "INVALID_STAKING");
                        uint256 currentChainId = getChainId();
                        DOMAIN_CHAIN_ID = currentChainId;
                        DOMAIN_SEPARATOR = keccak256(
                          abi.encode(
                            DOMAIN_TYPEHASH,
                            DOMAIN_NAME,
                            DOMAIN_VERSION,
                            currentChainId,
                            this
                          )
                        );
                        protocolFee = _protocolFee;
                        protocolFeeLight = _protocolFeeLight;
                        protocolFeeWallet = _protocolFeeWallet;
                        rebateScale = _rebateScale;
                        rebateMax = _rebateMax;
                        staking = _staking;
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Atomic ERC20 Swap
                       * @param nonce uint256 Unique and should be sequential
                       * @param expiry uint256 Expiry in seconds since 1 January 1970
                       * @param signerWallet address Wallet of the signer
                       * @param signerToken address ERC20 token transferred from the signer
                       * @param signerAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the signer
                       * @param senderToken address ERC20 token transferred from the sender
                       * @param senderAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the sender
                       * @param v uint8 "v" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param r bytes32 "r" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param s bytes32 "s" value of the ECDSA signature
                       */
                      function swap(
                        address recipient,
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) external override {
                        // Ensure the order is valid
                        _checkValidOrder(
                          nonce,
                          expiry,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerAmount,
                          senderToken,
                          senderAmount,
                          v,
                          r,
                          s
                        );
                        // Transfer token from sender to signer
                        IERC20(senderToken).safeTransferFrom(
                          msg.sender,
                          signerWallet,
                          senderAmount
                        );
                        // Transfer token from signer to recipient
                        IERC20(signerToken).safeTransferFrom(signerWallet, recipient, signerAmount);
                        // Calculate and transfer protocol fee and any rebate
                        _transferProtocolFee(signerToken, signerWallet, signerAmount);
                        // Emit a Swap event
                        emit Swap(
                          nonce,
                          block.timestamp,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerAmount,
                          protocolFee,
                          msg.sender,
                          senderToken,
                          senderAmount
                        );
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Swap Atomic ERC20 Swap (Low Gas Usage)
                       * @param nonce uint256 Unique and should be sequential
                       * @param expiry uint256 Expiry in seconds since 1 January 1970
                       * @param signerWallet address Wallet of the signer
                       * @param signerToken address ERC20 token transferred from the signer
                       * @param signerAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the signer
                       * @param senderToken address ERC20 token transferred from the sender
                       * @param senderAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the sender
                       * @param v uint8 "v" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param r bytes32 "r" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param s bytes32 "s" value of the ECDSA signature
                       */
                      function light(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) external override {
                        require(DOMAIN_CHAIN_ID == getChainId(), "CHAIN_ID_CHANGED");
                        // Ensure the expiry is not passed
                        require(expiry > block.timestamp, "EXPIRY_PASSED");
                        // Recover the signatory from the hash and signature
                        address signatory = ecrecover(
                          keccak256(
                            abi.encodePacked(
                              "\\x19\\x01",
                              DOMAIN_SEPARATOR,
                              keccak256(
                                abi.encode(
                                  ORDER_TYPEHASH,
                                  nonce,
                                  expiry,
                                  signerWallet,
                                  signerToken,
                                  signerAmount,
                                  protocolFeeLight,
                                  msg.sender,
                                  senderToken,
                                  senderAmount
                                )
                              )
                            )
                          ),
                          v,
                          r,
                          s
                        );
                        // Ensure the signatory is not null
                        require(signatory != address(0), "SIGNATURE_INVALID");
                        // Ensure the nonce is not yet used and if not mark it used
                        require(_markNonceAsUsed(signatory, nonce), "NONCE_ALREADY_USED");
                        // Ensure the signatory is authorized by the signer wallet
                        if (signerWallet != signatory) {
                          require(authorized[signerWallet] == signatory, "UNAUTHORIZED");
                        }
                        // Transfer token from sender to signer
                        IERC20(senderToken).safeTransferFrom(
                          msg.sender,
                          signerWallet,
                          senderAmount
                        );
                        // Transfer token from signer to recipient
                        IERC20(signerToken).safeTransferFrom(
                          signerWallet,
                          msg.sender,
                          signerAmount
                        );
                        // Transfer fee from signer to feeWallet
                        IERC20(signerToken).safeTransferFrom(
                          signerWallet,
                          protocolFeeWallet,
                          (signerAmount * protocolFeeLight) / FEE_DIVISOR
                        );
                        // Emit a Swap event
                        emit Swap(
                          nonce,
                          block.timestamp,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerAmount,
                          protocolFeeLight,
                          msg.sender,
                          senderToken,
                          senderAmount
                        );
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Sender Buys an NFT (ERC721)
                       * @param nonce uint256 Unique and should be sequential
                       * @param expiry uint256 Expiry in seconds since 1 January 1970
                       * @param signerWallet address Wallet of the signer
                       * @param signerToken address ERC721 token transferred from the signer
                       * @param signerID uint256 Token ID transferred from the signer
                       * @param senderToken address ERC20 token transferred from the sender
                       * @param senderAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the sender
                       * @param v uint8 "v" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param r bytes32 "r" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param s bytes32 "s" value of the ECDSA signature
                       */
                      function buyNFT(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerID,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) public override {
                        _checkValidOrder(
                          nonce,
                          expiry,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerID,
                          senderToken,
                          senderAmount,
                          v,
                          r,
                          s
                        );
                        // Transfer token from sender to signer
                        IERC20(senderToken).safeTransferFrom(
                          msg.sender,
                          signerWallet,
                          senderAmount
                        );
                        // Transfer token from signer to recipient
                        IERC721(signerToken).transferFrom(signerWallet, msg.sender, signerID);
                        // Calculate and transfer protocol fee and rebate
                        _transferProtocolFee(senderToken, msg.sender, senderAmount);
                        emit Swap(
                          nonce,
                          block.timestamp,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerID,
                          protocolFee,
                          msg.sender,
                          senderToken,
                          senderAmount
                        );
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Sender Sells an NFT (ERC721)
                       * @param nonce uint256 Unique and should be sequential
                       * @param expiry uint256 Expiry in seconds since 1 January 1970
                       * @param signerWallet address Wallet of the signer
                       * @param signerToken address ERC20 token transferred from the signer
                       * @param signerAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the signer
                       * @param senderToken address ERC721 token transferred from the sender
                       * @param senderID uint256 Token ID transferred from the sender
                       * @param v uint8 "v" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param r bytes32 "r" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param s bytes32 "s" value of the ECDSA signature
                       */
                      function sellNFT(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderID,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) public override {
                        _checkValidOrder(
                          nonce,
                          expiry,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerAmount,
                          senderToken,
                          senderID,
                          v,
                          r,
                          s
                        );
                        // Transfer token from sender to signer
                        IERC721(senderToken).transferFrom(msg.sender, signerWallet, senderID);
                        // Transfer token from signer to recipient
                        IERC20(signerToken).safeTransferFrom(
                          signerWallet,
                          msg.sender,
                          signerAmount
                        );
                        // Calculate and transfer protocol fee and rebate
                        _transferProtocolFee(signerToken, signerWallet, signerAmount);
                        emit Swap(
                          nonce,
                          block.timestamp,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerAmount,
                          protocolFee,
                          msg.sender,
                          senderToken,
                          senderID
                        );
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Signer and sender swap NFTs (ERC721)
                       * @param nonce uint256 Unique and should be sequential
                       * @param expiry uint256 Expiry in seconds since 1 January 1970
                       * @param signerWallet address Wallet of the signer
                       * @param signerToken address ERC721 token transferred from the signer
                       * @param signerID uint256 Token ID transferred from the signer
                       * @param senderToken address ERC721 token transferred from the sender
                       * @param senderID uint256 Token ID transferred from the sender
                       * @param v uint8 "v" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param r bytes32 "r" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param s bytes32 "s" value of the ECDSA signature
                       */
                      function swapNFTs(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerID,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderID,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) public override {
                        _checkValidOrder(
                          nonce,
                          expiry,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerID,
                          senderToken,
                          senderID,
                          v,
                          r,
                          s
                        );
                        // Transfer token from sender to signer
                        IERC721(senderToken).transferFrom(msg.sender, signerWallet, senderID);
                        // Transfer token from signer to sender
                        IERC721(signerToken).transferFrom(signerWallet, msg.sender, signerID);
                        emit Swap(
                          nonce,
                          block.timestamp,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerID,
                          0,
                          msg.sender,
                          senderToken,
                          senderID
                        );
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Set the fee
                       * @param _protocolFee uint256 Value of the fee in basis points
                       */
                      function setProtocolFee(uint256 _protocolFee) external onlyOwner {
                        // Ensure the fee is less than divisor
                        require(_protocolFee < FEE_DIVISOR, "INVALID_FEE");
                        protocolFee = _protocolFee;
                        emit SetProtocolFee(_protocolFee);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Set the light fee
                       * @param _protocolFeeLight uint256 Value of the fee in basis points
                       */
                      function setProtocolFeeLight(uint256 _protocolFeeLight) external onlyOwner {
                        // Ensure the fee is less than divisor
                        require(_protocolFeeLight < FEE_DIVISOR, "INVALID_FEE_LIGHT");
                        protocolFeeLight = _protocolFeeLight;
                        emit SetProtocolFeeLight(_protocolFeeLight);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Set the fee wallet
                       * @param _protocolFeeWallet address Wallet to transfer fee to
                       */
                      function setProtocolFeeWallet(address _protocolFeeWallet) external onlyOwner {
                        // Ensure the new fee wallet is not null
                        require(_protocolFeeWallet != address(0), "INVALID_FEE_WALLET");
                        protocolFeeWallet = _protocolFeeWallet;
                        emit SetProtocolFeeWallet(_protocolFeeWallet);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Set scale
                       * @dev Only owner
                       * @param _rebateScale uint256
                       */
                      function setRebateScale(uint256 _rebateScale) external onlyOwner {
                        require(_rebateScale <= MAX_SCALE, "SCALE_TOO_HIGH");
                        rebateScale = _rebateScale;
                        emit SetRebateScale(_rebateScale);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Set max
                       * @dev Only owner
                       * @param _rebateMax uint256
                       */
                      function setRebateMax(uint256 _rebateMax) external onlyOwner {
                        require(_rebateMax <= MAX_PERCENTAGE, "MAX_TOO_HIGH");
                        rebateMax = _rebateMax;
                        emit SetRebateMax(_rebateMax);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Set the staking token
                       * @param newstaking address Token to check balances on
                       */
                      function setStaking(address newstaking) external onlyOwner {
                        // Ensure the new staking token is not null
                        require(newstaking != address(0), "INVALID_STAKING");
                        staking = newstaking;
                        emit SetStaking(newstaking);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Authorize a signer
                       * @param signer address Wallet of the signer to authorize
                       * @dev Emits an Authorize event
                       */
                      function authorize(address signer) external override {
                        require(signer != address(0), "SIGNER_INVALID");
                        authorized[msg.sender] = signer;
                        emit Authorize(signer, msg.sender);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Revoke the signer
                       * @dev Emits a Revoke event
                       */
                      function revoke() external override {
                        address tmp = authorized[msg.sender];
                        delete authorized[msg.sender];
                        emit Revoke(tmp, msg.sender);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Cancel one or more nonces
                       * @dev Cancelled nonces are marked as used
                       * @dev Emits a Cancel event
                       * @dev Out of gas may occur in arrays of length > 400
                       * @param nonces uint256[] List of nonces to cancel
                       */
                      function cancel(uint256[] calldata nonces) external override {
                        for (uint256 i = 0; i < nonces.length; i++) {
                          uint256 nonce = nonces[i];
                          if (_markNonceAsUsed(msg.sender, nonce)) {
                            emit Cancel(nonce, msg.sender);
                          }
                        }
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Validates Swap Order for any potential errors
                       * @param senderWallet address Wallet that would send the order
                       * @param nonce uint256 Unique and should be sequential
                       * @param expiry uint256 Expiry in seconds since 1 January 1970
                       * @param signerWallet address Wallet of the signer
                       * @param signerToken address ERC20 token transferred from the signer
                       * @param signerAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the signer
                       * @param senderToken address ERC20 token transferred from the sender
                       * @param senderAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the sender
                       * @param v uint8 "v" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param r bytes32 "r" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param s bytes32 "s" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @return tuple of error count and bytes32[] memory array of error messages
                       */
                      function check(
                        address senderWallet,
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) public view returns (uint256, bytes32[] memory) {
                        bytes32[] memory errors = new bytes32[](MAX_ERROR_COUNT);
                        Order memory order;
                        uint256 errCount;
                        order.nonce = nonce;
                        order.expiry = expiry;
                        order.signerWallet = signerWallet;
                        order.signerToken = signerToken;
                        order.signerAmount = signerAmount;
                        order.senderToken = senderToken;
                        order.senderAmount = senderAmount;
                        order.v = v;
                        order.r = r;
                        order.s = s;
                        order.senderWallet = senderWallet;
                        bytes32 hashed = _getOrderHash(
                          order.nonce,
                          order.expiry,
                          order.signerWallet,
                          order.signerToken,
                          order.signerAmount,
                          order.senderWallet,
                          order.senderToken,
                          order.senderAmount
                        );
                        address signatory = _getSignatory(hashed, order.v, order.r, order.s);
                        if (signatory == address(0)) {
                          errors[errCount] = "SIGNATURE_INVALID";
                          errCount++;
                        }
                        if (order.expiry < block.timestamp) {
                          errors[errCount] = "EXPIRY_PASSED";
                          errCount++;
                        }
                        if (
                          order.signerWallet != signatory &&
                          authorized[order.signerWallet] != signatory
                        ) {
                          errors[errCount] = "UNAUTHORIZED";
                          errCount++;
                        } else {
                          if (nonceUsed(signatory, order.nonce)) {
                            errors[errCount] = "NONCE_ALREADY_USED";
                            errCount++;
                          }
                        }
                        uint256 signerBalance = IERC20(order.signerToken).balanceOf(
                          order.signerWallet
                        );
                        uint256 signerAllowance = IERC20(order.signerToken).allowance(
                          order.signerWallet,
                          address(this)
                        );
                        uint256 feeAmount = (order.signerAmount * protocolFee) / FEE_DIVISOR;
                        if (signerAllowance < order.signerAmount + feeAmount) {
                          errors[errCount] = "SIGNER_ALLOWANCE_LOW";
                          errCount++;
                        }
                        if (signerBalance < order.signerAmount + feeAmount) {
                          errors[errCount] = "SIGNER_BALANCE_LOW";
                          errCount++;
                        }
                        return (errCount, errors);
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Calculate output amount for an input score
                       * @param stakingBalance uint256
                       * @param feeAmount uint256
                       */
                      function calculateDiscount(uint256 stakingBalance, uint256 feeAmount)
                        public
                        view
                        returns (uint256)
                      {
                        uint256 divisor = (uint256(10)**rebateScale) + stakingBalance;
                        return (rebateMax * stakingBalance * feeAmount) / divisor / 100;
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Calculates and refers fee amount
                       * @param wallet address
                       * @param amount uint256
                       */
                      function calculateProtocolFee(address wallet, uint256 amount)
                        public
                        view
                        override
                        returns (uint256)
                      {
                        // Transfer fee from signer to feeWallet
                        uint256 feeAmount = (amount * protocolFee) / FEE_DIVISOR;
                        if (feeAmount > 0) {
                          uint256 discountAmount = calculateDiscount(
                            IERC20(staking).balanceOf(wallet),
                            feeAmount
                          );
                          return feeAmount - discountAmount;
                        }
                        return feeAmount;
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Returns true if the nonce has been used
                       * @param signer address Address of the signer
                       * @param nonce uint256 Nonce being checked
                       */
                      function nonceUsed(address signer, uint256 nonce)
                        public
                        view
                        override
                        returns (bool)
                      {
                        uint256 groupKey = nonce / 256;
                        uint256 indexInGroup = nonce % 256;
                        return (_nonceGroups[signer][groupKey] >> indexInGroup) & 1 == 1;
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Returns the current chainId using the chainid opcode
                       * @return id uint256 The chain id
                       */
                      function getChainId() public view returns (uint256 id) {
                        // no-inline-assembly
                        assembly {
                          id := chainid()
                        }
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Marks a nonce as used for the given signer
                       * @param signer address Address of the signer for which to mark the nonce as used
                       * @param nonce uint256 Nonce to be marked as used
                       * @return bool True if the nonce was not marked as used already
                       */
                      function _markNonceAsUsed(address signer, uint256 nonce)
                        internal
                        returns (bool)
                      {
                        uint256 groupKey = nonce / 256;
                        uint256 indexInGroup = nonce % 256;
                        uint256 group = _nonceGroups[signer][groupKey];
                        // If it is already used, return false
                        if ((group >> indexInGroup) & 1 == 1) {
                          return false;
                        }
                        _nonceGroups[signer][groupKey] = group | (uint256(1) << indexInGroup);
                        return true;
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Checks Order Expiry, Nonce, Signature
                       * @param nonce uint256 Unique and should be sequential
                       * @param expiry uint256 Expiry in seconds since 1 January 1970
                       * @param signerWallet address Wallet of the signer
                       * @param signerToken address ERC20 token transferred from the signer
                       * @param signerAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the signer
                       * @param senderToken address ERC20 token transferred from the sender
                       * @param senderAmount uint256 Amount transferred from the sender
                       * @param v uint8 "v" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param r bytes32 "r" value of the ECDSA signature
                       * @param s bytes32 "s" value of the ECDSA signature
                       */
                      function _checkValidOrder(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) internal {
                        require(DOMAIN_CHAIN_ID == getChainId(), "CHAIN_ID_CHANGED");
                        // Ensure the expiry is not passed
                        require(expiry > block.timestamp, "EXPIRY_PASSED");
                        bytes32 hashed = _getOrderHash(
                          nonce,
                          expiry,
                          signerWallet,
                          signerToken,
                          signerAmount,
                          msg.sender,
                          senderToken,
                          senderAmount
                        );
                        // Recover the signatory from the hash and signature
                        address signatory = _getSignatory(hashed, v, r, s);
                        // Ensure the signatory is not null
                        require(signatory != address(0), "SIGNATURE_INVALID");
                        // Ensure the nonce is not yet used and if not mark it used
                        require(_markNonceAsUsed(signatory, nonce), "NONCE_ALREADY_USED");
                        // Ensure the signatory is authorized by the signer wallet
                        if (signerWallet != signatory) {
                          require(authorized[signerWallet] == signatory, "UNAUTHORIZED");
                        }
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Hash order parameters
                       * @param nonce uint256
                       * @param expiry uint256
                       * @param signerWallet address
                       * @param signerToken address
                       * @param signerAmount uint256
                       * @param senderToken address
                       * @param senderAmount uint256
                       * @return bytes32
                       */
                      function _getOrderHash(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderWallet,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount
                      ) internal view returns (bytes32) {
                        return
                          keccak256(
                            abi.encode(
                              ORDER_TYPEHASH,
                              nonce,
                              expiry,
                              signerWallet,
                              signerToken,
                              signerAmount,
                              protocolFee,
                              senderWallet,
                              senderToken,
                              senderAmount
                            )
                          );
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Recover the signatory from a signature
                       * @param hash bytes32
                       * @param v uint8
                       * @param r bytes32
                       * @param s bytes32
                       */
                      function _getSignatory(
                        bytes32 hash,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) internal view returns (address) {
                        return
                          ecrecover(
                            keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\\x19\\x01", DOMAIN_SEPARATOR, hash)),
                            v,
                            r,
                            s
                          );
                      }
                      /**
                       * @notice Calculates and transfers protocol fee and rebate
                       * @param sourceToken address
                       * @param sourceWallet address
                       * @param amount uint256
                       */
                      function _transferProtocolFee(
                        address sourceToken,
                        address sourceWallet,
                        uint256 amount
                      ) internal {
                        // Transfer fee from signer to feeWallet
                        uint256 feeAmount = (amount * protocolFee) / FEE_DIVISOR;
                        if (feeAmount > 0) {
                          uint256 discountAmount = calculateDiscount(
                            IERC20(staking).balanceOf(msg.sender),
                            feeAmount
                          );
                          if (discountAmount > 0) {
                            // Transfer fee from signer to sender
                            IERC20(sourceToken).safeTransferFrom(
                              sourceWallet,
                              msg.sender,
                              discountAmount
                            );
                            // Transfer fee from signer to feeWallet
                            IERC20(sourceToken).safeTransferFrom(
                              sourceWallet,
                              protocolFeeWallet,
                              feeAmount - discountAmount
                            );
                          } else {
                            IERC20(sourceToken).safeTransferFrom(
                              sourceWallet,
                              protocolFeeWallet,
                              feeAmount
                            );
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/Ownable.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    import "../utils/Context.sol";
                    /**
                     * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
                     * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
                     * specific functions.
                     *
                     * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
                     * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
                     *
                     * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
                     * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
                     * the owner.
                     */
                    abstract contract Ownable is Context {
                        address private _owner;
                        event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
                        /**
                         * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
                         */
                        constructor() {
                            _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
                         */
                        function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
                            return _owner;
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
                         */
                        modifier onlyOwner() {
                            require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
                            _;
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
                         * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
                         *
                         * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
                         * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
                         */
                        function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
                            _transferOwnership(address(0));
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
                         * Can only be called by the current owner.
                         */
                        function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
                            require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
                            _transferOwnership(newOwner);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
                         * Internal function without access restriction.
                         */
                        function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
                            address oldOwner = _owner;
                            _owner = newOwner;
                            emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
                        }
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    import "../IERC20.sol";
                    import "../../../utils/Address.sol";
                    /**
                     * @title SafeERC20
                     * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
                     * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
                     * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
                     * successful.
                     * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
                     * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
                     */
                    library SafeERC20 {
                        using Address for address;
                        function safeTransfer(
                            IERC20 token,
                            address to,
                            uint256 value
                        ) internal {
                            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
                        }
                        function safeTransferFrom(
                            IERC20 token,
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 value
                        ) internal {
                            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
                         * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
                         *
                         * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
                         * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
                         */
                        function safeApprove(
                            IERC20 token,
                            address spender,
                            uint256 value
                        ) internal {
                            // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
                            // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
                            // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
                            require(
                                (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
                                "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
                            );
                            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
                        }
                        function safeIncreaseAllowance(
                            IERC20 token,
                            address spender,
                            uint256 value
                        ) internal {
                            uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;
                            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
                        }
                        function safeDecreaseAllowance(
                            IERC20 token,
                            address spender,
                            uint256 value
                        ) internal {
                            unchecked {
                                uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
                                require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
                                uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;
                                _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
                            }
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
                         * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
                         * @param token The token targeted by the call.
                         * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
                         */
                        function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
                            // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
                            // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address.functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
                            // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.
                            bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
                            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                                // Return data is optional
                                require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/ERC721.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    import "./IERC721.sol";
                    import "./IERC721Receiver.sol";
                    import "./extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol";
                    import "../../utils/Address.sol";
                    import "../../utils/Context.sol";
                    import "../../utils/Strings.sol";
                    import "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
                    /**
                     * @dev Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC721] Non-Fungible Token Standard, including
                     * the Metadata extension, but not including the Enumerable extension, which is available separately as
                     * {ERC721Enumerable}.
                     */
                    contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721, IERC721Metadata {
                        using Address for address;
                        using Strings for uint256;
                        // Token name
                        string private _name;
                        // Token symbol
                        string private _symbol;
                        // Mapping from token ID to owner address
                        mapping(uint256 => address) private _owners;
                        // Mapping owner address to token count
                        mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;
                        // Mapping from token ID to approved address
                        mapping(uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;
                        // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
                        mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;
                        /**
                         * @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection.
                         */
                        constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
                            _name = name_;
                            _symbol = symbol_;
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
                         */
                        function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
                            return
                                interfaceId == type(IERC721).interfaceId ||
                                interfaceId == type(IERC721Metadata).interfaceId ||
                                super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-balanceOf}.
                         */
                        function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
                            require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: balance query for the zero address");
                            return _balances[owner];
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-ownerOf}.
                         */
                        function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
                            address owner = _owners[tokenId];
                            require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token");
                            return owner;
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-name}.
                         */
                        function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
                            return _name;
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-symbol}.
                         */
                        function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
                            return _symbol;
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}.
                         */
                        function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
                            require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721Metadata: URI query for nonexistent token");
                            string memory baseURI = _baseURI();
                            return bytes(baseURI).length > 0 ? string(abi.encodePacked(baseURI, tokenId.toString())) : "";
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. If set, the resulting URI for each
                         * token will be the concatenation of the `baseURI` and the `tokenId`. Empty
                         * by default, can be overriden in child contracts.
                         */
                        function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {
                            return "";
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-approve}.
                         */
                        function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
                            address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
                            require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");
                            require(
                                _msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),
                                "ERC721: approve caller is not owner nor approved for all"
                            );
                            _approve(to, tokenId);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-getApproved}.
                         */
                        function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
                            require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: approved query for nonexistent token");
                            return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-setApprovalForAll}.
                         */
                        function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
                            _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-isApprovedForAll}.
                         */
                        function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
                            return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-transferFrom}.
                         */
                        function transferFrom(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId
                        ) public virtual override {
                            //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
                            require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");
                            _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
                         */
                        function safeTransferFrom(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId
                        ) public virtual override {
                            safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
                         */
                        function safeTransferFrom(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId,
                            bytes memory _data
                        ) public virtual override {
                            require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");
                            _safeTransfer(from, to, tokenId, _data);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
                         * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
                         *
                         * `_data` is additional data, it has no specified format and it is sent in call to `to`.
                         *
                         * This internal function is equivalent to {safeTransferFrom}, and can be used to e.g.
                         * implement alternative mechanisms to perform token transfer, such as signature-based.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
                         * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function _safeTransfer(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId,
                            bytes memory _data
                        ) internal virtual {
                            _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
                            require(_checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns whether `tokenId` exists.
                         *
                         * Tokens can be managed by their owner or approved accounts via {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
                         *
                         * Tokens start existing when they are minted (`_mint`),
                         * and stop existing when they are burned (`_burn`).
                         */
                        function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
                            return _owners[tokenId] != address(0);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns whether `spender` is allowed to manage `tokenId`.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `tokenId` must exist.
                         */
                        function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
                            require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: operator query for nonexistent token");
                            address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
                            return (spender == owner || getApproved(tokenId) == spender || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender));
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Safely mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `tokenId` must not exist.
                         * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
                            _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeMint-address-uint256-}[`_safeMint`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
                         * forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
                         */
                        function _safeMint(
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId,
                            bytes memory _data
                        ) internal virtual {
                            _mint(to, tokenId);
                            require(
                                _checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, _data),
                                "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer"
                            );
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
                         *
                         * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {_safeMint} whenever possible
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `tokenId` must not exist.
                         * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
                            require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");
                            require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");
                            _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId);
                            _balances[to] += 1;
                            _owners[tokenId] = to;
                            emit Transfer(address(0), to, tokenId);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Destroys `tokenId`.
                         * The approval is cleared when the token is burned.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `tokenId` must exist.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
                            address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
                            _beforeTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);
                            // Clear approvals
                            _approve(address(0), tokenId);
                            _balances[owner] -= 1;
                            delete _owners[tokenId];
                            emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
                         *  As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function _transfer(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId
                        ) internal virtual {
                            require(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer of token that is not own");
                            require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");
                            _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);
                            // Clear approvals from the previous owner
                            _approve(address(0), tokenId);
                            _balances[from] -= 1;
                            _balances[to] += 1;
                            _owners[tokenId] = to;
                            emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Approve `to` to operate on `tokenId`
                         *
                         * Emits a {Approval} event.
                         */
                        function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
                            _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
                            emit Approval(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId), to, tokenId);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
                         *
                         * Emits a {ApprovalForAll} event.
                         */
                        function _setApprovalForAll(
                            address owner,
                            address operator,
                            bool approved
                        ) internal virtual {
                            require(owner != operator, "ERC721: approve to caller");
                            _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
                            emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.
                         * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
                         *
                         * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
                         * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
                         * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
                         * @param _data bytes optional data to send along with the call
                         * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
                         */
                        function _checkOnERC721Received(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId,
                            bytes memory _data
                        ) private returns (bool) {
                            if (to.isContract()) {
                                try IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, _data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
                                    return retval == IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector;
                                } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                                    if (reason.length == 0) {
                                        revert("ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
                                    } else {
                                        assembly {
                                            revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            } else {
                                return true;
                            }
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
                         * and burning.
                         *
                         * Calling conditions:
                         *
                         * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be
                         * transferred to `to`.
                         * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
                         * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be burned.
                         * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
                         *
                         * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
                         */
                        function _beforeTokenTransfer(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId
                        ) internal virtual {}
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    interface ISwap {
                      struct Order {
                        uint256 nonce;
                        uint256 expiry;
                        address signerWallet;
                        address signerToken;
                        uint256 signerAmount;
                        address senderWallet;
                        address senderToken;
                        uint256 senderAmount;
                        uint8 v;
                        bytes32 r;
                        bytes32 s;
                      }
                      event Swap(
                        uint256 indexed nonce,
                        uint256 timestamp,
                        address indexed signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        uint256 protocolFee,
                        address indexed senderWallet,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount
                      );
                      event Cancel(uint256 indexed nonce, address indexed signerWallet);
                      event Authorize(address indexed signer, address indexed signerWallet);
                      event Revoke(address indexed signer, address indexed signerWallet);
                      event SetProtocolFee(uint256 protocolFee);
                      event SetProtocolFeeLight(uint256 protocolFeeLight);
                      event SetProtocolFeeWallet(address indexed feeWallet);
                      event SetRebateScale(uint256 rebateScale);
                      event SetRebateMax(uint256 rebateMax);
                      event SetStaking(address indexed staking);
                      function swap(
                        address recipient,
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) external;
                      function light(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) external;
                      function buyNFT(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) external;
                      function sellNFT(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) external;
                      function swapNFTs(
                        uint256 nonce,
                        uint256 expiry,
                        address signerWallet,
                        address signerToken,
                        uint256 signerAmount,
                        address senderToken,
                        uint256 senderAmount,
                        uint8 v,
                        bytes32 r,
                        bytes32 s
                      ) external;
                      function authorize(address sender) external;
                      function revoke() external;
                      function cancel(uint256[] calldata nonces) external;
                      function nonceUsed(address, uint256) external view returns (bool);
                      function authorized(address) external view returns (address);
                      function calculateProtocolFee(address, uint256)
                        external
                        view
                        returns (uint256);
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    /**
                     * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
                     * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
                     * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
                     * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
                     * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
                     * is concerned).
                     *
                     * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
                     */
                    abstract contract Context {
                        function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
                            return msg.sender;
                        }
                        function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
                            return msg.data;
                        }
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    /**
                     * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
                     */
                    interface IERC20 {
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
                         */
                        function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
                         */
                        function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
                        /**
                         * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
                         *
                         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
                         * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
                         * zero by default.
                         *
                         * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
                         */
                        function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
                        /**
                         * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
                         *
                         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                         *
                         * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
                         * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
                         * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
                         * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
                         * desired value afterwards:
                         * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
                         *
                         * Emits an {Approval} event.
                         */
                        function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                        /**
                         * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
                         * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
                         * allowance.
                         *
                         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function transferFrom(
                            address sender,
                            address recipient,
                            uint256 amount
                        ) external returns (bool);
                        /**
                         * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
                         * another (`to`).
                         *
                         * Note that `value` may be zero.
                         */
                        event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
                        /**
                         * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
                         * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
                         */
                        event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Address.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    /**
                     * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
                     */
                    library Address {
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
                         *
                         * [IMPORTANT]
                         * ====
                         * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
                         * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
                         *
                         * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
                         * types of addresses:
                         *
                         *  - an externally-owned account
                         *  - a contract in construction
                         *  - an address where a contract will be created
                         *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
                         * ====
                         */
                        function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                            // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
                            // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
                            // constructor execution.
                            uint256 size;
                            assembly {
                                size := extcodesize(account)
                            }
                            return size > 0;
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
                         * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
                         *
                         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
                         * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
                         * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
                         * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
                         *
                         * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
                         *
                         * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
                         * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
                         * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
                         * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
                         */
                        function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                            require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                            (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
                            require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
                         * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
                         * function instead.
                         *
                         * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
                         * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
                         *
                         * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
                         * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `target` must be a contract.
                         * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
                         *
                         * _Available since v3.1._
                         */
                        function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                            return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
                         * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                         *
                         * _Available since v3.1._
                         */
                        function functionCall(
                            address target,
                            bytes memory data,
                            string memory errorMessage
                        ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                            return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                         * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
                         * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
                         *
                         * _Available since v3.1._
                         */
                        function functionCallWithValue(
                            address target,
                            bytes memory data,
                            uint256 value
                        ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                            return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
                         * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                         *
                         * _Available since v3.1._
                         */
                        function functionCallWithValue(
                            address target,
                            bytes memory data,
                            uint256 value,
                            string memory errorMessage
                        ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                            require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                            require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
                            return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                         * but performing a static call.
                         *
                         * _Available since v3.3._
                         */
                        function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                            return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                         * but performing a static call.
                         *
                         * _Available since v3.3._
                         */
                        function functionStaticCall(
                            address target,
                            bytes memory data,
                            string memory errorMessage
                        ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                            require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
                            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
                            return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                         * but performing a delegate call.
                         *
                         * _Available since v3.4._
                         */
                        function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                            return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                         * but performing a delegate call.
                         *
                         * _Available since v3.4._
                         */
                        function functionDelegateCall(
                            address target,
                            bytes memory data,
                            string memory errorMessage
                        ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                            require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");
                            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
                            return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
                         * revert reason using the provided one.
                         *
                         * _Available since v4.3._
                         */
                        function verifyCallResult(
                            bool success,
                            bytes memory returndata,
                            string memory errorMessage
                        ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                            if (success) {
                                return returndata;
                            } else {
                                // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                                if (returndata.length > 0) {
                                    // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                                    assembly {
                                        let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                                        revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                                    }
                                } else {
                                    revert(errorMessage);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";
                    /**
                     * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
                     */
                    interface IERC721 is IERC165 {
                        /**
                         * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
                         */
                        event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);
                        /**
                         * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
                         */
                        event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);
                        /**
                         * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
                         */
                        event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
                         */
                        function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `tokenId` must exist.
                         */
                        function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);
                        /**
                         * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
                         * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
                         * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
                         * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function safeTransferFrom(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId
                        ) external;
                        /**
                         * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
                         *
                         * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
                         * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function transferFrom(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId
                        ) external;
                        /**
                         * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
                         * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
                         *
                         * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
                         * - `tokenId` must exist.
                         *
                         * Emits an {Approval} event.
                         */
                        function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `tokenId` must exist.
                         */
                        function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);
                        /**
                         * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
                         * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
                         *
                         * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
                         */
                        function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) external;
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
                         *
                         * See {setApprovalForAll}
                         */
                        function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);
                        /**
                         * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
                         *
                         * Requirements:
                         *
                         * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
                         * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
                         * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
                         * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
                         *
                         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                         */
                        function safeTransferFrom(
                            address from,
                            address to,
                            uint256 tokenId,
                            bytes calldata data
                        ) external;
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    /**
                     * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
                     * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
                     * from ERC721 asset contracts.
                     */
                    interface IERC721Receiver {
                        /**
                         * @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
                         * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
                         *
                         * It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
                         * If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be reverted.
                         *
                         * The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721.onERC721Received.selector`.
                         */
                        function onERC721Received(
                            address operator,
                            address from,
                            uint256 tokenId,
                            bytes calldata data
                        ) external returns (bytes4);
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    import "../IERC721.sol";
                    /**
                     * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
                     * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
                     */
                    interface IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the token collection name.
                         */
                        function name() external view returns (string memory);
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
                         */
                        function symbol() external view returns (string memory);
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
                         */
                        function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Strings.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    /**
                     * @dev String operations.
                     */
                    library Strings {
                        bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
                        /**
                         * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
                         */
                        function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
                            // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
                            // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol
                            if (value == 0) {
                                return "0";
                            }
                            uint256 temp = value;
                            uint256 digits;
                            while (temp != 0) {
                                digits++;
                                temp /= 10;
                            }
                            bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
                            while (value != 0) {
                                digits -= 1;
                                buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
                                value /= 10;
                            }
                            return string(buffer);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
                         */
                        function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
                            if (value == 0) {
                                return "0x00";
                            }
                            uint256 temp = value;
                            uint256 length = 0;
                            while (temp != 0) {
                                length++;
                                temp >>= 8;
                            }
                            return toHexString(value, length);
                        }
                        /**
                         * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
                         */
                        function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
                            bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
                            buffer[0] = "0";
                            buffer[1] = "x";
                            for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
                                buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
                                value >>= 4;
                            }
                            require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
                            return string(buffer);
                        }
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    import "./IERC165.sol";
                    /**
                     * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
                     *
                     * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
                     * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
                     *
                     * ```solidity
                     * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
                     *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
                     * }
                     * ```
                     *
                     * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
                     */
                    abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
                        /**
                         * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
                         */
                        function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
                            return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
                        }
                    }
                    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)
                    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                    /**
                     * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
                     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
                     *
                     * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
                     * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
                     *
                     * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
                     */
                    interface IERC165 {
                        /**
                         * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
                         * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
                         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
                         * to learn more about how these ids are created.
                         *
                         * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
                         */
                        function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
                    }
                    

                    File 4 of 6: BUSDImplementation
                    // File: contracts/zeppelin/SafeMath.sol
                    
                    pragma solidity 0.4.24;
                    
                    
                    /**
                     * @title SafeMath
                     * @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
                     */
                    library SafeMath {
                        /**
                        * @dev Subtracts two numbers, reverts on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
                        */
                        function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                            require(b <= a);
                            uint256 c = a - b;
                    
                            return c;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Adds two numbers, reverts on overflow.
                        */
                        function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                            uint256 c = a + b;
                            require(c >= a);
                    
                            return c;
                        }
                    }
                    
                    // File: contracts/BUSDImplementation.sol
                    
                    pragma solidity 0.4.24;
                    pragma experimental "v0.5.0";
                    
                    
                    
                    /**
                     * @title BUSDImplementation
                     * @dev this contract is a Pausable ERC20 token with Burn and Mint
                     * controlled by a central SupplyController. By implementing BUSDImplementation
                     * this contract also includes external methods for setting
                     * a new implementation contract for the Proxy.
                     * NOTE: The storage defined here will actually be held in the Proxy
                     * contract and all calls to this contract should be made through
                     * the proxy, including admin actions done as owner or supplyController.
                     * Any call to transfer against this contract should fail
                     * with insufficient funds since no tokens will be issued there.
                     */
                    contract BUSDImplementation {
                    
                        /**
                         * MATH
                         */
                    
                        using SafeMath for uint256;
                    
                        /**
                         * DATA
                         */
                    
                        // INITIALIZATION DATA
                        bool private initialized = false;
                    
                        // ERC20 BASIC DATA
                        mapping(address => uint256) internal balances;
                        uint256 internal totalSupply_;
                        string public constant name = "Binance USD"; // solium-disable-line
                        string public constant symbol = "BUSD"; // solium-disable-line uppercase
                        uint8 public constant decimals = 18; // solium-disable-line uppercase
                    
                        // ERC20 DATA
                        mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) internal allowed;
                    
                        // OWNER DATA
                        address public owner;
                        address public proposedOwner;
                    
                        // PAUSABILITY DATA
                        bool public paused = false;
                    
                        // ASSET PROTECTION DATA
                        address public assetProtectionRole;
                        mapping(address => bool) internal frozen;
                    
                        // SUPPLY CONTROL DATA
                        address public supplyController;
                    
                        // DELEGATED TRANSFER DATA
                        address public betaDelegateWhitelister;
                        mapping(address => bool) internal betaDelegateWhitelist;
                        mapping(address => uint256) internal nextSeqs;
                        // EIP191 header for EIP712 prefix
                        string constant internal EIP191_HEADER = "\x19\x01";
                        // Hash of the EIP712 Domain Separator Schema
                        bytes32 constant internal EIP712_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR_SCHEMA_HASH = keccak256(
                            "EIP712Domain(string name,address verifyingContract)"
                        );
                        bytes32 constant internal EIP712_DELEGATED_TRANSFER_SCHEMA_HASH = keccak256(
                            "BetaDelegatedTransfer(address to,uint256 value,uint256 fee,uint256 seq,uint256 deadline)"
                        );
                        // Hash of the EIP712 Domain Separator data
                        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
                        bytes32 public EIP712_DOMAIN_HASH;
                    
                        /**
                         * EVENTS
                         */
                    
                        // ERC20 BASIC EVENTS
                        event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
                    
                        // ERC20 EVENTS
                        event Approval(
                            address indexed owner,
                            address indexed spender,
                            uint256 value
                        );
                    
                        // OWNABLE EVENTS
                        event OwnershipTransferProposed(
                            address indexed currentOwner,
                            address indexed proposedOwner
                        );
                        event OwnershipTransferDisregarded(
                            address indexed oldProposedOwner
                        );
                        event OwnershipTransferred(
                            address indexed oldOwner,
                            address indexed newOwner
                        );
                    
                        // PAUSABLE EVENTS
                        event Pause();
                        event Unpause();
                    
                        // ASSET PROTECTION EVENTS
                        event AddressFrozen(address indexed addr);
                        event AddressUnfrozen(address indexed addr);
                        event FrozenAddressWiped(address indexed addr);
                        event AssetProtectionRoleSet (
                            address indexed oldAssetProtectionRole,
                            address indexed newAssetProtectionRole
                        );
                    
                        // SUPPLY CONTROL EVENTS
                        event SupplyIncreased(address indexed to, uint256 value);
                        event SupplyDecreased(address indexed from, uint256 value);
                        event SupplyControllerSet(
                            address indexed oldSupplyController,
                            address indexed newSupplyController
                        );
                    
                        // DELEGATED TRANSFER EVENTS
                        event BetaDelegatedTransfer(
                            address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value, uint256 seq, uint256 fee
                        );
                        event BetaDelegateWhitelisterSet(
                            address indexed oldWhitelister,
                            address indexed newWhitelister
                        );
                        event BetaDelegateWhitelisted(address indexed newDelegate);
                        event BetaDelegateUnwhitelisted(address indexed oldDelegate);
                    
                        /**
                         * FUNCTIONALITY
                         */
                    
                        // INITIALIZATION FUNCTIONALITY
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev sets 0 initials tokens, the owner, and the supplyController.
                         * this serves as the constructor for the proxy but compiles to the
                         * memory model of the Implementation contract.
                         */
                        function initialize() public {
                            require(!initialized, "already initialized");
                            owner = msg.sender;
                            proposedOwner = address(0);
                            assetProtectionRole = address(0);
                            totalSupply_ = 0;
                            supplyController = msg.sender;
                            initialized = true;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * The constructor is used here to ensure that the implementation
                         * contract is initialized. An uncontrolled implementation
                         * contract might lead to misleading state
                         * for users who accidentally interact with it.
                         */
                        constructor() public {
                            initialize();
                            pause();
                            // Added in V2
                            initializeDomainSeparator();
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev To be called when upgrading the contract using upgradeAndCall to add delegated transfers
                         */
                        function initializeDomainSeparator() public {
                            // hash the name context with the contract address
                            EIP712_DOMAIN_HASH = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(// solium-disable-line
                                    EIP712_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR_SCHEMA_HASH,
                                    keccak256(bytes(name)),
                                    bytes32(address(this))
                                ));
                        }
                    
                        // ERC20 BASIC FUNCTIONALITY
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Total number of tokens in existence
                        */
                        function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
                            return totalSupply_;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Transfer token to a specified address from msg.sender
                        * Note: the use of Safemath ensures that _value is nonnegative.
                        * @param _to The address to transfer to.
                        * @param _value The amount to be transferred.
                        */
                        function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public whenNotPaused returns (bool) {
                            require(_to != address(0), "cannot transfer to address zero");
                            require(!frozen[_to] && !frozen[msg.sender], "address frozen");
                            require(_value <= balances[msg.sender], "insufficient funds");
                    
                            balances[msg.sender] = balances[msg.sender].sub(_value);
                            balances[_to] = balances[_to].add(_value);
                            emit Transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value);
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Gets the balance of the specified address.
                        * @param _addr The address to query the the balance of.
                        * @return An uint256 representing the amount owned by the passed address.
                        */
                        function balanceOf(address _addr) public view returns (uint256) {
                            return balances[_addr];
                        }
                    
                        // ERC20 FUNCTIONALITY
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Transfer tokens from one address to another
                         * @param _from address The address which you want to send tokens from
                         * @param _to address The address which you want to transfer to
                         * @param _value uint256 the amount of tokens to be transferred
                         */
                        function transferFrom(
                            address _from,
                            address _to,
                            uint256 _value
                        )
                        public
                        whenNotPaused
                        returns (bool)
                        {
                            require(_to != address(0), "cannot transfer to address zero");
                            require(!frozen[_to] && !frozen[_from] && !frozen[msg.sender], "address frozen");
                            require(_value <= balances[_from], "insufficient funds");
                            require(_value <= allowed[_from][msg.sender], "insufficient allowance");
                    
                            balances[_from] = balances[_from].sub(_value);
                            balances[_to] = balances[_to].add(_value);
                            allowed[_from][msg.sender] = allowed[_from][msg.sender].sub(_value);
                            emit Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Approve the passed address to spend the specified amount of tokens on behalf of msg.sender.
                         * Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk that someone may use both the old
                         * and the new allowance by unfortunate transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this
                         * race condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the desired value afterwards:
                         * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
                         * @param _spender The address which will spend the funds.
                         * @param _value The amount of tokens to be spent.
                         */
                        function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) public whenNotPaused returns (bool) {
                            require(!frozen[_spender] && !frozen[msg.sender], "address frozen");
                            allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
                            emit Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Function to check the amount of tokens that an owner allowed to a spender.
                         * @param _owner address The address which owns the funds.
                         * @param _spender address The address which will spend the funds.
                         * @return A uint256 specifying the amount of tokens still available for the spender.
                         */
                        function allowance(
                            address _owner,
                            address _spender
                        )
                        public
                        view
                        returns (uint256)
                        {
                            return allowed[_owner][_spender];
                        }
                    
                        // OWNER FUNCTIONALITY
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
                         */
                        modifier onlyOwner() {
                            require(msg.sender == owner, "onlyOwner");
                            _;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Allows the current owner to begin transferring control of the contract to a proposedOwner
                         * @param _proposedOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
                         */
                        function proposeOwner(address _proposedOwner) public onlyOwner {
                            require(_proposedOwner != address(0), "cannot transfer ownership to address zero");
                            require(msg.sender != _proposedOwner, "caller already is owner");
                            proposedOwner = _proposedOwner;
                            emit OwnershipTransferProposed(owner, proposedOwner);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Allows the current owner or proposed owner to cancel transferring control of the contract to a proposedOwner
                         */
                        function disregardProposeOwner() public {
                            require(msg.sender == proposedOwner || msg.sender == owner, "only proposedOwner or owner");
                            require(proposedOwner != address(0), "can only disregard a proposed owner that was previously set");
                            address _oldProposedOwner = proposedOwner;
                            proposedOwner = address(0);
                            emit OwnershipTransferDisregarded(_oldProposedOwner);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Allows the proposed owner to complete transferring control of the contract to the proposedOwner.
                         */
                        function claimOwnership() public {
                            require(msg.sender == proposedOwner, "onlyProposedOwner");
                            address _oldOwner = owner;
                            owner = proposedOwner;
                            proposedOwner = address(0);
                            emit OwnershipTransferred(_oldOwner, owner);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Reclaim all BUSD at the contract address.
                         * This sends the BUSD tokens that this contract add holding to the owner.
                         * Note: this is not affected by freeze constraints.
                         */
                        function reclaimBUSD() external onlyOwner {
                            uint256 _balance = balances[this];
                            balances[this] = 0;
                            balances[owner] = balances[owner].add(_balance);
                            emit Transfer(this, owner, _balance);
                        }
                    
                        // PAUSABILITY FUNCTIONALITY
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
                         */
                        modifier whenNotPaused() {
                            require(!paused, "whenNotPaused");
                            _;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev called by the owner to pause, triggers stopped state
                         */
                        function pause() public onlyOwner {
                            require(!paused, "already paused");
                            paused = true;
                            emit Pause();
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev called by the owner to unpause, returns to normal state
                         */
                        function unpause() public onlyOwner {
                            require(paused, "already unpaused");
                            paused = false;
                            emit Unpause();
                        }
                    
                        // ASSET PROTECTION FUNCTIONALITY
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Sets a new asset Protection role address.
                         * @param _newAssetProtectionRole The new address allowed to freeze/unfreeze addresses and seize their tokens.
                         */
                        function setAssetProtectionRole(address _newAssetProtectionRole) public {
                            require(msg.sender == assetProtectionRole || msg.sender == owner, "only assetProtectionRole or Owner");
                            emit AssetProtectionRoleSet(assetProtectionRole, _newAssetProtectionRole);
                            assetProtectionRole = _newAssetProtectionRole;
                        }
                    
                        modifier onlyAssetProtectionRole() {
                            require(msg.sender == assetProtectionRole, "onlyAssetProtectionRole");
                            _;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Freezes an address balance from being transferred.
                         * @param _addr The new address to freeze.
                         */
                        function freeze(address _addr) public onlyAssetProtectionRole {
                            require(!frozen[_addr], "address already frozen");
                            frozen[_addr] = true;
                            emit AddressFrozen(_addr);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Unfreezes an address balance allowing transfer.
                         * @param _addr The new address to unfreeze.
                         */
                        function unfreeze(address _addr) public onlyAssetProtectionRole {
                            require(frozen[_addr], "address already unfrozen");
                            frozen[_addr] = false;
                            emit AddressUnfrozen(_addr);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Wipes the balance of a frozen address, burning the tokens
                         * and setting the approval to zero.
                         * @param _addr The new frozen address to wipe.
                         */
                        function wipeFrozenAddress(address _addr) public onlyAssetProtectionRole {
                            require(frozen[_addr], "address is not frozen");
                            uint256 _balance = balances[_addr];
                            balances[_addr] = 0;
                            totalSupply_ = totalSupply_.sub(_balance);
                            emit FrozenAddressWiped(_addr);
                            emit SupplyDecreased(_addr, _balance);
                            emit Transfer(_addr, address(0), _balance);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Gets whether the address is currently frozen.
                        * @param _addr The address to check if frozen.
                        * @return A bool representing whether the given address is frozen.
                        */
                        function isFrozen(address _addr) public view returns (bool) {
                            return frozen[_addr];
                        }
                    
                        // SUPPLY CONTROL FUNCTIONALITY
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Sets a new supply controller address.
                         * @param _newSupplyController The address allowed to burn/mint tokens to control supply.
                         */
                        function setSupplyController(address _newSupplyController) public {
                            require(msg.sender == supplyController || msg.sender == owner, "only SupplyController or Owner");
                            require(_newSupplyController != address(0), "cannot set supply controller to address zero");
                            emit SupplyControllerSet(supplyController, _newSupplyController);
                            supplyController = _newSupplyController;
                        }
                    
                        modifier onlySupplyController() {
                            require(msg.sender == supplyController, "onlySupplyController");
                            _;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Increases the total supply by minting the specified number of tokens to the supply controller account.
                         * @param _value The number of tokens to add.
                         * @return A boolean that indicates if the operation was successful.
                         */
                        function increaseSupply(uint256 _value) public onlySupplyController returns (bool success) {
                            totalSupply_ = totalSupply_.add(_value);
                            balances[supplyController] = balances[supplyController].add(_value);
                            emit SupplyIncreased(supplyController, _value);
                            emit Transfer(address(0), supplyController, _value);
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Decreases the total supply by burning the specified number of tokens from the supply controller account.
                         * @param _value The number of tokens to remove.
                         * @return A boolean that indicates if the operation was successful.
                         */
                        function decreaseSupply(uint256 _value) public onlySupplyController returns (bool success) {
                            require(_value <= balances[supplyController], "not enough supply");
                            balances[supplyController] = balances[supplyController].sub(_value);
                            totalSupply_ = totalSupply_.sub(_value);
                            emit SupplyDecreased(supplyController, _value);
                            emit Transfer(supplyController, address(0), _value);
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        // DELEGATED TRANSFER FUNCTIONALITY
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev returns the next seq for a target address.
                         * The transactor must submit nextSeqOf(transactor) in the next transaction for it to be valid.
                         * Note: that the seq context is specific to this smart contract.
                         * @param target The target address.
                         * @return the seq.
                         */
                        //
                        function nextSeqOf(address target) public view returns (uint256) {
                            return nextSeqs[target];
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Performs a transfer on behalf of the from address, identified by its signature on the delegatedTransfer msg.
                         * Splits a signature byte array into r,s,v for convenience.
                         * @param sig the signature of the delgatedTransfer msg.
                         * @param to The address to transfer to.
                         * @param value The amount to be transferred.
                         * @param fee an optional ERC20 fee paid to the executor of betaDelegatedTransfer by the from address.
                         * @param seq a sequencing number included by the from address specific to this contract to protect from replays.
                         * @param deadline a block number after which the pre-signed transaction has expired.
                         * @return A boolean that indicates if the operation was successful.
                         */
                        function betaDelegatedTransfer(
                            bytes sig, address to, uint256 value, uint256 fee, uint256 seq, uint256 deadline
                        ) public returns (bool) {
                            require(sig.length == 65, "signature should have length 65");
                            bytes32 r;
                            bytes32 s;
                            uint8 v;
                            assembly {
                                r := mload(add(sig, 32))
                                s := mload(add(sig, 64))
                                v := byte(0, mload(add(sig, 96)))
                            }
                            require(_betaDelegatedTransfer(r, s, v, to, value, fee, seq, deadline), "failed transfer");
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Performs a transfer on behalf of the from address, identified by its signature on the betaDelegatedTransfer msg.
                         * Note: both the delegate and transactor sign in the fees. The transactor, however,
                         * has no control over the gas price, and therefore no control over the transaction time.
                         * Beta prefix chosen to avoid a name clash with an emerging standard in ERC865 or elsewhere.
                         * Internal to the contract - see betaDelegatedTransfer and betaDelegatedTransferBatch.
                         * @param r the r signature of the delgatedTransfer msg.
                         * @param s the s signature of the delgatedTransfer msg.
                         * @param v the v signature of the delgatedTransfer msg.
                         * @param to The address to transfer to.
                         * @param value The amount to be transferred.
                         * @param fee an optional ERC20 fee paid to the delegate of betaDelegatedTransfer by the from address.
                         * @param seq a sequencing number included by the from address specific to this contract to protect from replays.
                         * @param deadline a block number after which the pre-signed transaction has expired.
                         * @return A boolean that indicates if the operation was successful.
                         */
                        function _betaDelegatedTransfer(
                            bytes32 r, bytes32 s, uint8 v, address to, uint256 value, uint256 fee, uint256 seq, uint256 deadline
                        ) internal whenNotPaused returns (bool) {
                            require(betaDelegateWhitelist[msg.sender], "Beta feature only accepts whitelisted delegates");
                            require(value > 0 || fee > 0, "cannot transfer zero tokens with zero fee");
                            require(block.number <= deadline, "transaction expired");
                            // prevent sig malleability from ecrecover()
                            require(uint256(s) <= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0, "signature incorrect");
                            require(v == 27 || v == 28, "signature incorrect");
                    
                            // EIP712 scheme: https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-712.md
                            bytes32 delegatedTransferHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(// solium-disable-line
                                    EIP712_DELEGATED_TRANSFER_SCHEMA_HASH, bytes32(to), value, fee, seq, deadline
                                ));
                            bytes32 hash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(EIP191_HEADER, EIP712_DOMAIN_HASH, delegatedTransferHash));
                            address _from = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
                    
                            require(_from != address(0), "error determining from address from signature");
                            require(to != address(0), "canno use address zero");
                            require(!frozen[to] && !frozen[_from] && !frozen[msg.sender], "address frozen");
                            require(value.add(fee) <= balances[_from], "insufficent fund");
                            require(nextSeqs[_from] == seq, "incorrect seq");
                    
                            nextSeqs[_from] = nextSeqs[_from].add(1);
                            balances[_from] = balances[_from].sub(value.add(fee));
                    
                            if (fee != 0) {
                                balances[msg.sender] = balances[msg.sender].add(fee);
                                emit Transfer(_from, msg.sender, fee);
                            }
                    
                            balances[to] = balances[to].add(value);
                            emit Transfer(_from, to, value);
                    
                            emit BetaDelegatedTransfer(_from, to, value, seq, fee);
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Performs an atomic batch of transfers on behalf of the from addresses, identified by their signatures.
                         * Lack of nested array support in arguments requires all arguments to be passed as equal size arrays where
                         * delegated transfer number i is the combination of all arguments at index i
                         * @param r the r signatures of the delgatedTransfer msg.
                         * @param s the s signatures of the delgatedTransfer msg.
                         * @param v the v signatures of the delgatedTransfer msg.
                         * @param to The addresses to transfer to.
                         * @param value The amounts to be transferred.
                         * @param fee optional ERC20 fees paid to the delegate of betaDelegatedTransfer by the from address.
                         * @param seq sequencing numbers included by the from address specific to this contract to protect from replays.
                         * @param deadline block numbers after which the pre-signed transactions have expired.
                         * @return A boolean that indicates if the operation was successful.
                         */
                        function betaDelegatedTransferBatch(
                            bytes32[] r, bytes32[] s, uint8[] v, address[] to, uint256[] value, uint256[] fee, uint256[] seq, uint256[] deadline
                        ) public returns (bool) {
                            require(r.length == s.length && r.length == v.length && r.length == to.length && r.length == value.length, "length mismatch");
                            require(r.length == fee.length && r.length == seq.length && r.length == deadline.length, "length mismatch");
                    
                            for (uint i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
                                require(
                                    _betaDelegatedTransfer(r[i], s[i], v[i], to[i], value[i], fee[i], seq[i], deadline[i]),
                                    "failed transfer"
                                );
                            }
                            return true;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Gets whether the address is currently whitelisted for betaDelegateTransfer.
                        * @param _addr The address to check if whitelisted.
                        * @return A bool representing whether the given address is whitelisted.
                        */
                        function isWhitelistedBetaDelegate(address _addr) public view returns (bool) {
                            return betaDelegateWhitelist[_addr];
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Sets a new betaDelegate whitelister.
                         * @param _newWhitelister The address allowed to whitelist betaDelegates.
                         */
                        function setBetaDelegateWhitelister(address _newWhitelister) public {
                            require(msg.sender == betaDelegateWhitelister || msg.sender == owner, "only Whitelister or Owner");
                            betaDelegateWhitelister = _newWhitelister;
                            emit BetaDelegateWhitelisterSet(betaDelegateWhitelister, _newWhitelister);
                        }
                    
                        modifier onlyBetaDelegateWhitelister() {
                            require(msg.sender == betaDelegateWhitelister, "onlyBetaDelegateWhitelister");
                            _;
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Whitelists an address to allow calling BetaDelegatedTransfer.
                         * @param _addr The new address to whitelist.
                         */
                        function whitelistBetaDelegate(address _addr) public onlyBetaDelegateWhitelister {
                            require(!betaDelegateWhitelist[_addr], "delegate already whitelisted");
                            betaDelegateWhitelist[_addr] = true;
                            emit BetaDelegateWhitelisted(_addr);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                         * @dev Unwhitelists an address to disallow calling BetaDelegatedTransfer.
                         * @param _addr The new address to whitelist.
                         */
                        function unwhitelistBetaDelegate(address _addr) public onlyBetaDelegateWhitelister {
                            require(betaDelegateWhitelist[_addr], "delegate not whitelisted");
                            betaDelegateWhitelist[_addr] = false;
                            emit BetaDelegateUnwhitelisted(_addr);
                        }
                    }

                    File 5 of 6: Proxy
                    pragma solidity ^0.5.3;
                    
                    /// @title Proxy - Generic proxy contract allows to execute all transactions applying the code of a master contract.
                    /// @author Stefan George - <stefan@gnosis.io>
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.io>
                    contract Proxy {
                    
                        // masterCopy always needs to be first declared variable, to ensure that it is at the same location in the contracts to which calls are delegated.
                        // To reduce deployment costs this variable is internal and needs to be retrieved via `getStorageAt`
                        address internal masterCopy;
                    
                        /// @dev Constructor function sets address of master copy contract.
                        /// @param _masterCopy Master copy address.
                        constructor(address _masterCopy)
                            public
                        {
                            require(_masterCopy != address(0), "Invalid master copy address provided");
                            masterCopy = _masterCopy;
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Fallback function forwards all transactions and returns all received return data.
                        function ()
                            external
                            payable
                        {
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                let masterCopy := and(sload(0), 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
                                // 0xa619486e == keccak("masterCopy()"). The value is right padded to 32-bytes with 0s
                                if eq(calldataload(0), 0xa619486e00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) {
                                    mstore(0, masterCopy)
                                    return(0, 0x20)
                                }
                                calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
                                let success := delegatecall(gas, masterCopy, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
                                returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
                                if eq(success, 0) { revert(0, returndatasize()) }
                                return(0, returndatasize())
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    File 6 of 6: GnosisSafe
                    pragma solidity >=0.5.0 <0.7.0;
                    
                    /// @title SelfAuthorized - authorizes current contract to perform actions
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract SelfAuthorized {
                        modifier authorized() {
                            require(msg.sender == address(this), "Method can only be called from this contract");
                            _;
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    /// @title MasterCopy - Base for master copy contracts (should always be first super contract)
                    ///         This contract is tightly coupled to our proxy contract (see `proxies/Proxy.sol`)
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.io>
                    contract MasterCopy is SelfAuthorized {
                    
                        event ChangedMasterCopy(address masterCopy);
                    
                        // masterCopy always needs to be first declared variable, to ensure that it is at the same location as in the Proxy contract.
                        // It should also always be ensured that the address is stored alone (uses a full word)
                        address private masterCopy;
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to upgrade the contract. This can only be done via a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param _masterCopy New contract address.
                        function changeMasterCopy(address _masterCopy)
                            public
                            authorized
                        {
                            // Master copy address cannot be null.
                            require(_masterCopy != address(0), "Invalid master copy address provided");
                            masterCopy = _masterCopy;
                            emit ChangedMasterCopy(_masterCopy);
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    /// @title Module - Base class for modules.
                    /// @author Stefan George - <stefan@gnosis.pm>
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract Module is MasterCopy {
                    
                        ModuleManager public manager;
                    
                        modifier authorized() {
                            require(msg.sender == address(manager), "Method can only be called from manager");
                            _;
                        }
                    
                        function setManager()
                            internal
                        {
                            // manager can only be 0 at initalization of contract.
                            // Check ensures that setup function can only be called once.
                            require(address(manager) == address(0), "Manager has already been set");
                            manager = ModuleManager(msg.sender);
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    /// @title Enum - Collection of enums
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract Enum {
                        enum Operation {
                            Call,
                            DelegateCall
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    /// @title Executor - A contract that can execute transactions
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract Executor {
                    
                        function execute(address to, uint256 value, bytes memory data, Enum.Operation operation, uint256 txGas)
                            internal
                            returns (bool success)
                        {
                            if (operation == Enum.Operation.Call)
                                success = executeCall(to, value, data, txGas);
                            else if (operation == Enum.Operation.DelegateCall)
                                success = executeDelegateCall(to, data, txGas);
                            else
                                success = false;
                        }
                    
                        function executeCall(address to, uint256 value, bytes memory data, uint256 txGas)
                            internal
                            returns (bool success)
                        {
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                success := call(txGas, to, value, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                            }
                        }
                    
                        function executeDelegateCall(address to, bytes memory data, uint256 txGas)
                            internal
                            returns (bool success)
                        {
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                success := delegatecall(txGas, to, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    /// @title SecuredTokenTransfer - Secure token transfer
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract SecuredTokenTransfer {
                    
                        /// @dev Transfers a token and returns if it was a success
                        /// @param token Token that should be transferred
                        /// @param receiver Receiver to whom the token should be transferred
                        /// @param amount The amount of tokens that should be transferred
                        function transferToken (
                            address token,
                            address receiver,
                            uint256 amount
                        )
                            internal
                            returns (bool transferred)
                        {
                            bytes memory data = abi.encodeWithSignature("transfer(address,uint256)", receiver, amount);
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                let success := call(sub(gas, 10000), token, 0, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                                let ptr := mload(0x40)
                                mstore(0x40, add(ptr, returndatasize()))
                                returndatacopy(ptr, 0, returndatasize())
                                switch returndatasize()
                                case 0 { transferred := success }
                                case 0x20 { transferred := iszero(or(iszero(success), iszero(mload(ptr)))) }
                                default { transferred := 0 }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    /// @title Module Manager - A contract that manages modules that can execute transactions via this contract
                    /// @author Stefan George - <stefan@gnosis.pm>
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract ModuleManager is SelfAuthorized, Executor {
                    
                        event EnabledModule(Module module);
                        event DisabledModule(Module module);
                        event ExecutionFromModuleSuccess(address indexed module);
                        event ExecutionFromModuleFailure(address indexed module);
                    
                        address internal constant SENTINEL_MODULES = address(0x1);
                    
                        mapping (address => address) internal modules;
                    
                        function setupModules(address to, bytes memory data)
                            internal
                        {
                            require(modules[SENTINEL_MODULES] == address(0), "Modules have already been initialized");
                            modules[SENTINEL_MODULES] = SENTINEL_MODULES;
                            if (to != address(0))
                                // Setup has to complete successfully or transaction fails.
                                require(executeDelegateCall(to, data, gasleft()), "Could not finish initialization");
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to add a module to the whitelist.
                        ///      This can only be done via a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param module Module to be whitelisted.
                        function enableModule(Module module)
                            public
                            authorized
                        {
                            // Module address cannot be null or sentinel.
                            require(address(module) != address(0) && address(module) != SENTINEL_MODULES, "Invalid module address provided");
                            // Module cannot be added twice.
                            require(modules[address(module)] == address(0), "Module has already been added");
                            modules[address(module)] = modules[SENTINEL_MODULES];
                            modules[SENTINEL_MODULES] = address(module);
                            emit EnabledModule(module);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to remove a module from the whitelist.
                        ///      This can only be done via a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param prevModule Module that pointed to the module to be removed in the linked list
                        /// @param module Module to be removed.
                        function disableModule(Module prevModule, Module module)
                            public
                            authorized
                        {
                            // Validate module address and check that it corresponds to module index.
                            require(address(module) != address(0) && address(module) != SENTINEL_MODULES, "Invalid module address provided");
                            require(modules[address(prevModule)] == address(module), "Invalid prevModule, module pair provided");
                            modules[address(prevModule)] = modules[address(module)];
                            modules[address(module)] = address(0);
                            emit DisabledModule(module);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows a Module to execute a Safe transaction without any further confirmations.
                        /// @param to Destination address of module transaction.
                        /// @param value Ether value of module transaction.
                        /// @param data Data payload of module transaction.
                        /// @param operation Operation type of module transaction.
                        function execTransactionFromModule(address to, uint256 value, bytes memory data, Enum.Operation operation)
                            public
                            returns (bool success)
                        {
                            // Only whitelisted modules are allowed.
                            require(msg.sender != SENTINEL_MODULES && modules[msg.sender] != address(0), "Method can only be called from an enabled module");
                            // Execute transaction without further confirmations.
                            success = execute(to, value, data, operation, gasleft());
                            if (success) emit ExecutionFromModuleSuccess(msg.sender);
                            else emit ExecutionFromModuleFailure(msg.sender);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows a Module to execute a Safe transaction without any further confirmations and return data
                        /// @param to Destination address of module transaction.
                        /// @param value Ether value of module transaction.
                        /// @param data Data payload of module transaction.
                        /// @param operation Operation type of module transaction.
                        function execTransactionFromModuleReturnData(address to, uint256 value, bytes memory data, Enum.Operation operation)
                            public
                            returns (bool success, bytes memory returnData)
                        {
                            success = execTransactionFromModule(to, value, data, operation);
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                // Load free memory location
                                let ptr := mload(0x40)
                                // We allocate memory for the return data by setting the free memory location to
                                // current free memory location + data size + 32 bytes for data size value
                                mstore(0x40, add(ptr, add(returndatasize(), 0x20)))
                                // Store the size
                                mstore(ptr, returndatasize())
                                // Store the data
                                returndatacopy(add(ptr, 0x20), 0, returndatasize())
                                // Point the return data to the correct memory location
                                returnData := ptr
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Returns array of first 10 modules.
                        /// @return Array of modules.
                        function getModules()
                            public
                            view
                            returns (address[] memory)
                        {
                            (address[] memory array,) = getModulesPaginated(SENTINEL_MODULES, 10);
                            return array;
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Returns array of modules.
                        /// @param start Start of the page.
                        /// @param pageSize Maximum number of modules that should be returned.
                        /// @return Array of modules.
                        function getModulesPaginated(address start, uint256 pageSize)
                            public
                            view
                            returns (address[] memory array, address next)
                        {
                            // Init array with max page size
                            array = new address[](pageSize);
                    
                            // Populate return array
                            uint256 moduleCount = 0;
                            address currentModule = modules[start];
                            while(currentModule != address(0x0) && currentModule != SENTINEL_MODULES && moduleCount < pageSize) {
                                array[moduleCount] = currentModule;
                                currentModule = modules[currentModule];
                                moduleCount++;
                            }
                            next = currentModule;
                            // Set correct size of returned array
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                mstore(array, moduleCount)
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    /// @title OwnerManager - Manages a set of owners and a threshold to perform actions.
                    /// @author Stefan George - <stefan@gnosis.pm>
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract OwnerManager is SelfAuthorized {
                    
                        event AddedOwner(address owner);
                        event RemovedOwner(address owner);
                        event ChangedThreshold(uint256 threshold);
                    
                        address internal constant SENTINEL_OWNERS = address(0x1);
                    
                        mapping(address => address) internal owners;
                        uint256 ownerCount;
                        uint256 internal threshold;
                    
                        /// @dev Setup function sets initial storage of contract.
                        /// @param _owners List of Safe owners.
                        /// @param _threshold Number of required confirmations for a Safe transaction.
                        function setupOwners(address[] memory _owners, uint256 _threshold)
                            internal
                        {
                            // Threshold can only be 0 at initialization.
                            // Check ensures that setup function can only be called once.
                            require(threshold == 0, "Owners have already been setup");
                            // Validate that threshold is smaller than number of added owners.
                            require(_threshold <= _owners.length, "Threshold cannot exceed owner count");
                            // There has to be at least one Safe owner.
                            require(_threshold >= 1, "Threshold needs to be greater than 0");
                            // Initializing Safe owners.
                            address currentOwner = SENTINEL_OWNERS;
                            for (uint256 i = 0; i < _owners.length; i++) {
                                // Owner address cannot be null.
                                address owner = _owners[i];
                                require(owner != address(0) && owner != SENTINEL_OWNERS, "Invalid owner address provided");
                                // No duplicate owners allowed.
                                require(owners[owner] == address(0), "Duplicate owner address provided");
                                owners[currentOwner] = owner;
                                currentOwner = owner;
                            }
                            owners[currentOwner] = SENTINEL_OWNERS;
                            ownerCount = _owners.length;
                            threshold = _threshold;
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to add a new owner to the Safe and update the threshold at the same time.
                        ///      This can only be done via a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param owner New owner address.
                        /// @param _threshold New threshold.
                        function addOwnerWithThreshold(address owner, uint256 _threshold)
                            public
                            authorized
                        {
                            // Owner address cannot be null.
                            require(owner != address(0) && owner != SENTINEL_OWNERS, "Invalid owner address provided");
                            // No duplicate owners allowed.
                            require(owners[owner] == address(0), "Address is already an owner");
                            owners[owner] = owners[SENTINEL_OWNERS];
                            owners[SENTINEL_OWNERS] = owner;
                            ownerCount++;
                            emit AddedOwner(owner);
                            // Change threshold if threshold was changed.
                            if (threshold != _threshold)
                                changeThreshold(_threshold);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to remove an owner from the Safe and update the threshold at the same time.
                        ///      This can only be done via a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param prevOwner Owner that pointed to the owner to be removed in the linked list
                        /// @param owner Owner address to be removed.
                        /// @param _threshold New threshold.
                        function removeOwner(address prevOwner, address owner, uint256 _threshold)
                            public
                            authorized
                        {
                            // Only allow to remove an owner, if threshold can still be reached.
                            require(ownerCount - 1 >= _threshold, "New owner count needs to be larger than new threshold");
                            // Validate owner address and check that it corresponds to owner index.
                            require(owner != address(0) && owner != SENTINEL_OWNERS, "Invalid owner address provided");
                            require(owners[prevOwner] == owner, "Invalid prevOwner, owner pair provided");
                            owners[prevOwner] = owners[owner];
                            owners[owner] = address(0);
                            ownerCount--;
                            emit RemovedOwner(owner);
                            // Change threshold if threshold was changed.
                            if (threshold != _threshold)
                                changeThreshold(_threshold);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to swap/replace an owner from the Safe with another address.
                        ///      This can only be done via a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param prevOwner Owner that pointed to the owner to be replaced in the linked list
                        /// @param oldOwner Owner address to be replaced.
                        /// @param newOwner New owner address.
                        function swapOwner(address prevOwner, address oldOwner, address newOwner)
                            public
                            authorized
                        {
                            // Owner address cannot be null.
                            require(newOwner != address(0) && newOwner != SENTINEL_OWNERS, "Invalid owner address provided");
                            // No duplicate owners allowed.
                            require(owners[newOwner] == address(0), "Address is already an owner");
                            // Validate oldOwner address and check that it corresponds to owner index.
                            require(oldOwner != address(0) && oldOwner != SENTINEL_OWNERS, "Invalid owner address provided");
                            require(owners[prevOwner] == oldOwner, "Invalid prevOwner, owner pair provided");
                            owners[newOwner] = owners[oldOwner];
                            owners[prevOwner] = newOwner;
                            owners[oldOwner] = address(0);
                            emit RemovedOwner(oldOwner);
                            emit AddedOwner(newOwner);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to update the number of required confirmations by Safe owners.
                        ///      This can only be done via a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param _threshold New threshold.
                        function changeThreshold(uint256 _threshold)
                            public
                            authorized
                        {
                            // Validate that threshold is smaller than number of owners.
                            require(_threshold <= ownerCount, "Threshold cannot exceed owner count");
                            // There has to be at least one Safe owner.
                            require(_threshold >= 1, "Threshold needs to be greater than 0");
                            threshold = _threshold;
                            emit ChangedThreshold(threshold);
                        }
                    
                        function getThreshold()
                            public
                            view
                            returns (uint256)
                        {
                            return threshold;
                        }
                    
                        function isOwner(address owner)
                            public
                            view
                            returns (bool)
                        {
                            return owner != SENTINEL_OWNERS && owners[owner] != address(0);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Returns array of owners.
                        /// @return Array of Safe owners.
                        function getOwners()
                            public
                            view
                            returns (address[] memory)
                        {
                            address[] memory array = new address[](ownerCount);
                    
                            // populate return array
                            uint256 index = 0;
                            address currentOwner = owners[SENTINEL_OWNERS];
                            while(currentOwner != SENTINEL_OWNERS) {
                                array[index] = currentOwner;
                                currentOwner = owners[currentOwner];
                                index ++;
                            }
                            return array;
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    /// @title Fallback Manager - A contract that manages fallback calls made to this contract
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract FallbackManager is SelfAuthorized {
                    
                        // keccak256("fallback_manager.handler.address")
                        bytes32 internal constant FALLBACK_HANDLER_STORAGE_SLOT = 0x6c9a6c4a39284e37ed1cf53d337577d14212a4870fb976a4366c693b939918d5;
                    
                        function internalSetFallbackHandler(address handler) internal {
                            bytes32 slot = FALLBACK_HANDLER_STORAGE_SLOT;
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                sstore(slot, handler)
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to add a contract to handle fallback calls.
                        ///      Only fallback calls without value and with data will be forwarded.
                        ///      This can only be done via a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param handler contract to handle fallbacks calls.
                        function setFallbackHandler(address handler)
                            public
                            authorized
                        {
                            internalSetFallbackHandler(handler);
                        }
                    
                        function ()
                            external
                            payable
                        {
                            // Only calls without value and with data will be forwarded
                            if (msg.value > 0 || msg.data.length == 0) {
                                return;
                            }
                            bytes32 slot = FALLBACK_HANDLER_STORAGE_SLOT;
                            address handler;
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                handler := sload(slot)
                            }
                    
                            if (handler != address(0)) {
                                // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                                assembly {
                                    calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
                                    let success := call(gas, handler, 0, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
                                    returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
                                    if eq(success, 0) { revert(0, returndatasize()) }
                                    return(0, returndatasize())
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    /// @title SignatureDecoder - Decodes signatures that a encoded as bytes
                    /// @author Ricardo Guilherme Schmidt (Status Research & Development GmbH)
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.pm>
                    contract SignatureDecoder {
                        
                        /// @dev Recovers address who signed the message
                        /// @param messageHash operation ethereum signed message hash
                        /// @param messageSignature message `txHash` signature
                        /// @param pos which signature to read
                        function recoverKey (
                            bytes32 messageHash,
                            bytes memory messageSignature,
                            uint256 pos
                        )
                            internal
                            pure
                            returns (address)
                        {
                            uint8 v;
                            bytes32 r;
                            bytes32 s;
                            (v, r, s) = signatureSplit(messageSignature, pos);
                            return ecrecover(messageHash, v, r, s);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev divides bytes signature into `uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s`.
                        /// @notice Make sure to peform a bounds check for @param pos, to avoid out of bounds access on @param signatures
                        /// @param pos which signature to read. A prior bounds check of this parameter should be performed, to avoid out of bounds access
                        /// @param signatures concatenated rsv signatures
                        function signatureSplit(bytes memory signatures, uint256 pos)
                            internal
                            pure
                            returns (uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s)
                        {
                            // The signature format is a compact form of:
                            //   {bytes32 r}{bytes32 s}{uint8 v}
                            // Compact means, uint8 is not padded to 32 bytes.
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                            assembly {
                                let signaturePos := mul(0x41, pos)
                                r := mload(add(signatures, add(signaturePos, 0x20)))
                                s := mload(add(signatures, add(signaturePos, 0x40)))
                                // Here we are loading the last 32 bytes, including 31 bytes
                                // of 's'. There is no 'mload8' to do this.
                                //
                                // 'byte' is not working due to the Solidity parser, so lets
                                // use the second best option, 'and'
                                v := and(mload(add(signatures, add(signaturePos, 0x41))), 0xff)
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    contract ISignatureValidatorConstants {
                        // bytes4(keccak256("isValidSignature(bytes,bytes)")
                        bytes4 constant internal EIP1271_MAGIC_VALUE = 0x20c13b0b;
                    }
                    
                    contract ISignatureValidator is ISignatureValidatorConstants {
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Should return whether the signature provided is valid for the provided data
                        * @param _data Arbitrary length data signed on the behalf of address(this)
                        * @param _signature Signature byte array associated with _data
                        *
                        * MUST return the bytes4 magic value 0x20c13b0b when function passes.
                        * MUST NOT modify state (using STATICCALL for solc < 0.5, view modifier for solc > 0.5)
                        * MUST allow external calls
                        */
                        function isValidSignature(
                            bytes memory _data,
                            bytes memory _signature)
                            public
                            view
                            returns (bytes4);
                    }
                    
                    
                    /**
                     * @title SafeMath
                     * @dev Math operations with safety checks that revert on error
                     * TODO: remove once open zeppelin update to solc 0.5.0
                     */
                    library SafeMath {
                    
                      /**
                      * @dev Multiplies two numbers, reverts on overflow.
                      */
                      function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                        // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
                        // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
                        // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/pull/522
                        if (a == 0) {
                          return 0;
                        }
                    
                        uint256 c = a * b;
                        require(c / a == b);
                    
                        return c;
                      }
                    
                      /**
                      * @dev Integer division of two numbers truncating the quotient, reverts on division by zero.
                      */
                      function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                        require(b > 0); // Solidity only automatically asserts when dividing by 0
                        uint256 c = a / b;
                        // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
                    
                        return c;
                      }
                    
                      /**
                      * @dev Subtracts two numbers, reverts on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
                      */
                      function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                        require(b <= a);
                        uint256 c = a - b;
                    
                        return c;
                      }
                    
                      /**
                      * @dev Adds two numbers, reverts on overflow.
                      */
                      function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                        uint256 c = a + b;
                        require(c >= a);
                    
                        return c;
                      }
                    
                      /**
                      * @dev Divides two numbers and returns the remainder (unsigned integer modulo),
                      * reverts when dividing by zero.
                      */
                      function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                        require(b != 0);
                        return a % b;
                      }
                    }
                    
                    /// @title Gnosis Safe - A multisignature wallet with support for confirmations using signed messages based on ERC191.
                    /// @author Stefan George - <stefan@gnosis.io>
                    /// @author Richard Meissner - <richard@gnosis.io>
                    /// @author Ricardo Guilherme Schmidt - (Status Research & Development GmbH) - Gas Token Payment
                    contract GnosisSafe
                        is MasterCopy, ModuleManager, OwnerManager, SignatureDecoder, SecuredTokenTransfer, ISignatureValidatorConstants, FallbackManager {
                    
                        using SafeMath for uint256;
                    
                        string public constant NAME = "Gnosis Safe";
                        string public constant VERSION = "1.1.1";
                    
                        //keccak256(
                        //    "EIP712Domain(address verifyingContract)"
                        //);
                        bytes32 private constant DOMAIN_SEPARATOR_TYPEHASH = 0x035aff83d86937d35b32e04f0ddc6ff469290eef2f1b692d8a815c89404d4749;
                    
                        //keccak256(
                        //    "SafeTx(address to,uint256 value,bytes data,uint8 operation,uint256 safeTxGas,uint256 baseGas,uint256 gasPrice,address gasToken,address refundReceiver,uint256 nonce)"
                        //);
                        bytes32 private constant SAFE_TX_TYPEHASH = 0xbb8310d486368db6bd6f849402fdd73ad53d316b5a4b2644ad6efe0f941286d8;
                    
                        //keccak256(
                        //    "SafeMessage(bytes message)"
                        //);
                        bytes32 private constant SAFE_MSG_TYPEHASH = 0x60b3cbf8b4a223d68d641b3b6ddf9a298e7f33710cf3d3a9d1146b5a6150fbca;
                    
                        event ApproveHash(
                            bytes32 indexed approvedHash,
                            address indexed owner
                        );
                        event SignMsg(
                            bytes32 indexed msgHash
                        );
                        event ExecutionFailure(
                            bytes32 txHash, uint256 payment
                        );
                        event ExecutionSuccess(
                            bytes32 txHash, uint256 payment
                        );
                    
                        uint256 public nonce;
                        bytes32 public domainSeparator;
                        // Mapping to keep track of all message hashes that have been approve by ALL REQUIRED owners
                        mapping(bytes32 => uint256) public signedMessages;
                        // Mapping to keep track of all hashes (message or transaction) that have been approve by ANY owners
                        mapping(address => mapping(bytes32 => uint256)) public approvedHashes;
                    
                        // This constructor ensures that this contract can only be used as a master copy for Proxy contracts
                        constructor() public {
                            // By setting the threshold it is not possible to call setup anymore,
                            // so we create a Safe with 0 owners and threshold 1.
                            // This is an unusable Safe, perfect for the mastercopy
                            threshold = 1;
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Setup function sets initial storage of contract.
                        /// @param _owners List of Safe owners.
                        /// @param _threshold Number of required confirmations for a Safe transaction.
                        /// @param to Contract address for optional delegate call.
                        /// @param data Data payload for optional delegate call.
                        /// @param fallbackHandler Handler for fallback calls to this contract
                        /// @param paymentToken Token that should be used for the payment (0 is ETH)
                        /// @param payment Value that should be paid
                        /// @param paymentReceiver Adddress that should receive the payment (or 0 if tx.origin)
                        function setup(
                            address[] calldata _owners,
                            uint256 _threshold,
                            address to,
                            bytes calldata data,
                            address fallbackHandler,
                            address paymentToken,
                            uint256 payment,
                            address payable paymentReceiver
                        )
                            external
                        {
                            require(domainSeparator == 0, "Domain Separator already set!");
                            domainSeparator = keccak256(abi.encode(DOMAIN_SEPARATOR_TYPEHASH, this));
                            setupOwners(_owners, _threshold);
                            if (fallbackHandler != address(0)) internalSetFallbackHandler(fallbackHandler);
                            // As setupOwners can only be called if the contract has not been initialized we don't need a check for setupModules
                            setupModules(to, data);
                    
                            if (payment > 0) {
                                // To avoid running into issues with EIP-170 we reuse the handlePayment function (to avoid adjusting code of that has been verified we do not adjust the method itself)
                                // baseGas = 0, gasPrice = 1 and gas = payment => amount = (payment + 0) * 1 = payment
                                handlePayment(payment, 0, 1, paymentToken, paymentReceiver);
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to execute a Safe transaction confirmed by required number of owners and then pays the account that submitted the transaction.
                        ///      Note: The fees are always transfered, even if the user transaction fails.
                        /// @param to Destination address of Safe transaction.
                        /// @param value Ether value of Safe transaction.
                        /// @param data Data payload of Safe transaction.
                        /// @param operation Operation type of Safe transaction.
                        /// @param safeTxGas Gas that should be used for the Safe transaction.
                        /// @param baseGas Gas costs for that are indipendent of the transaction execution(e.g. base transaction fee, signature check, payment of the refund)
                        /// @param gasPrice Gas price that should be used for the payment calculation.
                        /// @param gasToken Token address (or 0 if ETH) that is used for the payment.
                        /// @param refundReceiver Address of receiver of gas payment (or 0 if tx.origin).
                        /// @param signatures Packed signature data ({bytes32 r}{bytes32 s}{uint8 v})
                        function execTransaction(
                            address to,
                            uint256 value,
                            bytes calldata data,
                            Enum.Operation operation,
                            uint256 safeTxGas,
                            uint256 baseGas,
                            uint256 gasPrice,
                            address gasToken,
                            address payable refundReceiver,
                            bytes calldata signatures
                        )
                            external
                            returns (bool success)
                        {
                            bytes32 txHash;
                            // Use scope here to limit variable lifetime and prevent `stack too deep` errors
                            {
                                bytes memory txHashData = encodeTransactionData(
                                    to, value, data, operation, // Transaction info
                                    safeTxGas, baseGas, gasPrice, gasToken, refundReceiver, // Payment info
                                    nonce
                                );
                                // Increase nonce and execute transaction.
                                nonce++;
                                txHash = keccak256(txHashData);
                                checkSignatures(txHash, txHashData, signatures, true);
                            }
                            require(gasleft() >= safeTxGas, "Not enough gas to execute safe transaction");
                            // Use scope here to limit variable lifetime and prevent `stack too deep` errors
                            {
                                uint256 gasUsed = gasleft();
                                // If no safeTxGas has been set and the gasPrice is 0 we assume that all available gas can be used
                                success = execute(to, value, data, operation, safeTxGas == 0 && gasPrice == 0 ? gasleft() : safeTxGas);
                                gasUsed = gasUsed.sub(gasleft());
                                // We transfer the calculated tx costs to the tx.origin to avoid sending it to intermediate contracts that have made calls
                                uint256 payment = 0;
                                if (gasPrice > 0) {
                                    payment = handlePayment(gasUsed, baseGas, gasPrice, gasToken, refundReceiver);
                                }
                                if (success) emit ExecutionSuccess(txHash, payment);
                                else emit ExecutionFailure(txHash, payment);
                            }
                        }
                    
                        function handlePayment(
                            uint256 gasUsed,
                            uint256 baseGas,
                            uint256 gasPrice,
                            address gasToken,
                            address payable refundReceiver
                        )
                            private
                            returns (uint256 payment)
                        {
                            // solium-disable-next-line security/no-tx-origin
                            address payable receiver = refundReceiver == address(0) ? tx.origin : refundReceiver;
                            if (gasToken == address(0)) {
                                // For ETH we will only adjust the gas price to not be higher than the actual used gas price
                                payment = gasUsed.add(baseGas).mul(gasPrice < tx.gasprice ? gasPrice : tx.gasprice);
                                // solium-disable-next-line security/no-send
                                require(receiver.send(payment), "Could not pay gas costs with ether");
                            } else {
                                payment = gasUsed.add(baseGas).mul(gasPrice);
                                require(transferToken(gasToken, receiver, payment), "Could not pay gas costs with token");
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Checks whether the signature provided is valid for the provided data, hash. Will revert otherwise.
                        * @param dataHash Hash of the data (could be either a message hash or transaction hash)
                        * @param data That should be signed (this is passed to an external validator contract)
                        * @param signatures Signature data that should be verified. Can be ECDSA signature, contract signature (EIP-1271) or approved hash.
                        * @param consumeHash Indicates that in case of an approved hash the storage can be freed to save gas
                        */
                        function checkSignatures(bytes32 dataHash, bytes memory data, bytes memory signatures, bool consumeHash)
                            internal
                        {
                            // Load threshold to avoid multiple storage loads
                            uint256 _threshold = threshold;
                            // Check that a threshold is set
                            require(_threshold > 0, "Threshold needs to be defined!");
                            // Check that the provided signature data is not too short
                            require(signatures.length >= _threshold.mul(65), "Signatures data too short");
                            // There cannot be an owner with address 0.
                            address lastOwner = address(0);
                            address currentOwner;
                            uint8 v;
                            bytes32 r;
                            bytes32 s;
                            uint256 i;
                            for (i = 0; i < _threshold; i++) {
                                (v, r, s) = signatureSplit(signatures, i);
                                // If v is 0 then it is a contract signature
                                if (v == 0) {
                                    // When handling contract signatures the address of the contract is encoded into r
                                    currentOwner = address(uint256(r));
                    
                                    // Check that signature data pointer (s) is not pointing inside the static part of the signatures bytes
                                    // This check is not completely accurate, since it is possible that more signatures than the threshold are send.
                                    // Here we only check that the pointer is not pointing inside the part that is being processed
                                    require(uint256(s) >= _threshold.mul(65), "Invalid contract signature location: inside static part");
                    
                                    // Check that signature data pointer (s) is in bounds (points to the length of data -> 32 bytes)
                                    require(uint256(s).add(32) <= signatures.length, "Invalid contract signature location: length not present");
                    
                                    // Check if the contract signature is in bounds: start of data is s + 32 and end is start + signature length
                                    uint256 contractSignatureLen;
                                    // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                                    assembly {
                                        contractSignatureLen := mload(add(add(signatures, s), 0x20))
                                    }
                                    require(uint256(s).add(32).add(contractSignatureLen) <= signatures.length, "Invalid contract signature location: data not complete");
                    
                                    // Check signature
                                    bytes memory contractSignature;
                                    // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
                                    assembly {
                                        // The signature data for contract signatures is appended to the concatenated signatures and the offset is stored in s
                                        contractSignature := add(add(signatures, s), 0x20)
                                    }
                                    require(ISignatureValidator(currentOwner).isValidSignature(data, contractSignature) == EIP1271_MAGIC_VALUE, "Invalid contract signature provided");
                                // If v is 1 then it is an approved hash
                                } else if (v == 1) {
                                    // When handling approved hashes the address of the approver is encoded into r
                                    currentOwner = address(uint256(r));
                                    // Hashes are automatically approved by the sender of the message or when they have been pre-approved via a separate transaction
                                    require(msg.sender == currentOwner || approvedHashes[currentOwner][dataHash] != 0, "Hash has not been approved");
                                    // Hash has been marked for consumption. If this hash was pre-approved free storage
                                    if (consumeHash && msg.sender != currentOwner) {
                                        approvedHashes[currentOwner][dataHash] = 0;
                                    }
                                } else if (v > 30) {
                                    // To support eth_sign and similar we adjust v and hash the messageHash with the Ethereum message prefix before applying ecrecover
                                    currentOwner = ecrecover(keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", dataHash)), v - 4, r, s);
                                } else {
                                    // Use ecrecover with the messageHash for EOA signatures
                                    currentOwner = ecrecover(dataHash, v, r, s);
                                }
                                require (
                                    currentOwner > lastOwner && owners[currentOwner] != address(0) && currentOwner != SENTINEL_OWNERS,
                                    "Invalid owner provided"
                                );
                                lastOwner = currentOwner;
                            }
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Allows to estimate a Safe transaction.
                        ///      This method is only meant for estimation purpose, therefore two different protection mechanism against execution in a transaction have been made:
                        ///      1.) The method can only be called from the safe itself
                        ///      2.) The response is returned with a revert
                        ///      When estimating set `from` to the address of the safe.
                        ///      Since the `estimateGas` function includes refunds, call this method to get an estimated of the costs that are deducted from the safe with `execTransaction`
                        /// @param to Destination address of Safe transaction.
                        /// @param value Ether value of Safe transaction.
                        /// @param data Data payload of Safe transaction.
                        /// @param operation Operation type of Safe transaction.
                        /// @return Estimate without refunds and overhead fees (base transaction and payload data gas costs).
                        function requiredTxGas(address to, uint256 value, bytes calldata data, Enum.Operation operation)
                            external
                            authorized
                            returns (uint256)
                        {
                            uint256 startGas = gasleft();
                            // We don't provide an error message here, as we use it to return the estimate
                            // solium-disable-next-line error-reason
                            require(execute(to, value, data, operation, gasleft()));
                            uint256 requiredGas = startGas - gasleft();
                            // Convert response to string and return via error message
                            revert(string(abi.encodePacked(requiredGas)));
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Marks a hash as approved. This can be used to validate a hash that is used by a signature.
                        * @param hashToApprove The hash that should be marked as approved for signatures that are verified by this contract.
                        */
                        function approveHash(bytes32 hashToApprove)
                            external
                        {
                            require(owners[msg.sender] != address(0), "Only owners can approve a hash");
                            approvedHashes[msg.sender][hashToApprove] = 1;
                            emit ApproveHash(hashToApprove, msg.sender);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * @dev Marks a message as signed
                        * @param _data Arbitrary length data that should be marked as signed on the behalf of address(this)
                        */
                        function signMessage(bytes calldata _data)
                            external
                            authorized
                        {
                            bytes32 msgHash = getMessageHash(_data);
                            signedMessages[msgHash] = 1;
                            emit SignMsg(msgHash);
                        }
                    
                        /**
                        * Implementation of ISignatureValidator (see `interfaces/ISignatureValidator.sol`)
                        * @dev Should return whether the signature provided is valid for the provided data.
                        *       The save does not implement the interface since `checkSignatures` is not a view method.
                        *       The method will not perform any state changes (see parameters of `checkSignatures`)
                        * @param _data Arbitrary length data signed on the behalf of address(this)
                        * @param _signature Signature byte array associated with _data
                        * @return a bool upon valid or invalid signature with corresponding _data
                        */
                        function isValidSignature(bytes calldata _data, bytes calldata _signature)
                            external
                            returns (bytes4)
                        {
                            bytes32 messageHash = getMessageHash(_data);
                            if (_signature.length == 0) {
                                require(signedMessages[messageHash] != 0, "Hash not approved");
                            } else {
                                // consumeHash needs to be false, as the state should not be changed
                                checkSignatures(messageHash, _data, _signature, false);
                            }
                            return EIP1271_MAGIC_VALUE;
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Returns hash of a message that can be signed by owners.
                        /// @param message Message that should be hashed
                        /// @return Message hash.
                        function getMessageHash(
                            bytes memory message
                        )
                            public
                            view
                            returns (bytes32)
                        {
                            bytes32 safeMessageHash = keccak256(
                                abi.encode(SAFE_MSG_TYPEHASH, keccak256(message))
                            );
                            return keccak256(
                                abi.encodePacked(byte(0x19), byte(0x01), domainSeparator, safeMessageHash)
                            );
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Returns the bytes that are hashed to be signed by owners.
                        /// @param to Destination address.
                        /// @param value Ether value.
                        /// @param data Data payload.
                        /// @param operation Operation type.
                        /// @param safeTxGas Fas that should be used for the safe transaction.
                        /// @param baseGas Gas costs for data used to trigger the safe transaction.
                        /// @param gasPrice Maximum gas price that should be used for this transaction.
                        /// @param gasToken Token address (or 0 if ETH) that is used for the payment.
                        /// @param refundReceiver Address of receiver of gas payment (or 0 if tx.origin).
                        /// @param _nonce Transaction nonce.
                        /// @return Transaction hash bytes.
                        function encodeTransactionData(
                            address to,
                            uint256 value,
                            bytes memory data,
                            Enum.Operation operation,
                            uint256 safeTxGas,
                            uint256 baseGas,
                            uint256 gasPrice,
                            address gasToken,
                            address refundReceiver,
                            uint256 _nonce
                        )
                            public
                            view
                            returns (bytes memory)
                        {
                            bytes32 safeTxHash = keccak256(
                                abi.encode(SAFE_TX_TYPEHASH, to, value, keccak256(data), operation, safeTxGas, baseGas, gasPrice, gasToken, refundReceiver, _nonce)
                            );
                            return abi.encodePacked(byte(0x19), byte(0x01), domainSeparator, safeTxHash);
                        }
                    
                        /// @dev Returns hash to be signed by owners.
                        /// @param to Destination address.
                        /// @param value Ether value.
                        /// @param data Data payload.
                        /// @param operation Operation type.
                        /// @param safeTxGas Fas that should be used for the safe transaction.
                        /// @param baseGas Gas costs for data used to trigger the safe transaction.
                        /// @param gasPrice Maximum gas price that should be used for this transaction.
                        /// @param gasToken Token address (or 0 if ETH) that is used for the payment.
                        /// @param refundReceiver Address of receiver of gas payment (or 0 if tx.origin).
                        /// @param _nonce Transaction nonce.
                        /// @return Transaction hash.
                        function getTransactionHash(
                            address to,
                            uint256 value,
                            bytes memory data,
                            Enum.Operation operation,
                            uint256 safeTxGas,
                            uint256 baseGas,
                            uint256 gasPrice,
                            address gasToken,
                            address refundReceiver,
                            uint256 _nonce
                        )
                            public
                            view
                            returns (bytes32)
                        {
                            return keccak256(encodeTransactionData(to, value, data, operation, safeTxGas, baseGas, gasPrice, gasToken, refundReceiver, _nonce));
                        }
                    }