ETH Price: $1,991.08 (+2.16%)

Transaction Decoder

Block:
23706849 at Nov-01-2025 08:25:11 PM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.000062468901020728 ETH $0.12
Gas Used:
427,474 Gas / 0.146134972 Gwei

Emitted Events:

481 0xbb651bac18c2a3416f202bd62a52b622fcec06cf.0x19e781916118c373dadcb7776fae0a2dbb6bbdeedae143ce68031e22801ef865( 0x19e781916118c373dadcb7776fae0a2dbb6bbdeedae143ce68031e22801ef865, 97924748f696d4d1d0cc3d04981aefb5270d4e5bbe1331c671618177e1be1f92 )
482 EntryPoint.Deposited( account=0xbb651bac18c2a3416f202bd62a52b622fcec06cf, totalDeposit=132577337170699 )
483 EntryPoint.BeforeExecution( )
484 EntryPoint.UserOperationEvent( userOpHash=97924748F696D4D1D0CC3D04981AEFB5270D4E5BBE1331C671618177E1BE1F92, sender=0xbb651bac18c2a3416f202bd62a52b622fcec06cf, paymaster=0x00000000...000000000, nonce=173, success=True, actualGasCost=69401521752302, actualGasUsed=476726 )

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
0x4337007a...2176d44cc
(Pimlico: ERC-4337 Bundler 7)
0.170409286596770024 Eth
Nonce: 10715
0.170416219217501598 Eth
Nonce: 10716
0.000006932620731574
(Titan Builder)
14.040911023648795732 Eth14.040936380674640244 Eth0.000025357025844512
0x5FF137D4...a026d2789
(Entry Point 0.6.0)
310.761349709895805167 Eth310.761314171389902702 Eth0.000035538505902465
0xbb651bAC...2Fcec06Cf 0.017526102696420504 Eth0.000098714321320862 Eth0.017427388375099642
0xbCc446FC...cBf77b60E 0.164617231697283553 Eth0.182010757056533358 Eth0.017393525359249805

Execution Trace

EntryPoint.handleOps( ops=, beneficiary=0x4337007aB182EbE9cDB0BC4B96734c32176d44cc )
  • 0xbb651bac18c2a3416f202bd62a52b622fcec06cf.3a871cdd( )
    • 0x2e7f1dae1f3799d20f5c31befdc7a620f664728d.cdffacc6( )
    • 0xfde53272dcd7938d16e031a6989753c321728332.3a871cdd( )
      • 0xee1af8e967ec04c84711842796a5e714d2fd33e6.8dd50121( )
        • Null: 0x000...002.7b227479( )
        • Null: 0x000...002.1a70842a( )
        • Null: 0x000...005.00000000( )
        • Null: 0x000...005.00000000( )
        • ETH 0.000033863015849837 EntryPoint.CALL( )
        • EntryPoint.innerHandleOp( callData=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opInfo=[{name:mUserOp, type:tuple, order:1, indexed:false, value:[{name:sender, type:address, order:1, indexed:false, value:0xbb651bAC18C2a3416f202BD62a52B622Fcec06Cf, valueString:0xbb651bAC18C2a3416f202BD62a52B622Fcec06Cf}, {name:nonce, type:uint256, order:2, indexed:false, value:173, valueString:173}, {name:callGasLimit, type:uint256, order:3, indexed:false, value:144972, valueString:144972}, {name:verificationGasLimit, type:uint256, order:4, indexed:false, value:667147, valueString:667147}, {name:preVerificationGas, type:uint256, order:5, indexed:false, value:98568, valueString:98568}, {name:paymaster, type:address, order:6, indexed:false, value:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000, valueString:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000}, {name:maxFeePerGas, type:uint256, order:7, indexed:false, value:145579477, valueString:145579477}, {name:maxPriorityFeePerGas, type:uint256, order:8, indexed:false, value:66000000, valueString:66000000}], valueString:[{name:sender, type:address, order:1, indexed:false, value:0xbb651bAC18C2a3416f202BD62a52B622Fcec06Cf, valueString:0xbb651bAC18C2a3416f202BD62a52B622Fcec06Cf}, {name:nonce, type:uint256, order:2, indexed:false, value:173, valueString:173}, {name:callGasLimit, type:uint256, order:3, indexed:false, value:144972, valueString:144972}, {name:verificationGasLimit, type:uint256, order:4, indexed:false, value:667147, valueString:667147}, {name:preVerificationGas, type:uint256, order:5, indexed:false, value:98568, valueString:98568}, {name:paymaster, type:address, order:6, indexed:false, value:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000, valueString:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000}, {name:maxFeePerGas, type:uint256, order:7, indexed:false, value:145579477, valueString:145579477}, {name:maxPriorityFeePerGas, type:uint256, order:8, indexed:false, value:66000000, valueString:66000000}]}, {name:userOpHash, type:bytes32, order:2, indexed:false, value:97924748F696D4D1D0CC3D04981AEFB5270D4E5BBE1331C671618177E1BE1F92, valueString:97924748F696D4D1D0CC3D04981AEFB5270D4E5BBE1331C671618177E1BE1F92}, {name:prefund, type:uint256, order:3, indexed:false, value:132577337170699, valueString:132577337170699}, {name:contextOffset, type:uint256, order:4, indexed:false, value:96, valueString:96}, {name:preOpGas, type:uint256, order:5, indexed:false, value:454656, valueString:454656}], context=0x ) => ( actualGasCost=69401521752302 )
          • 0xbb651bac18c2a3416f202bd62a52b622fcec06cf.47e1da2a( )
            • 0x2e7f1dae1f3799d20f5c31befdc7a620f664728d.cdffacc6( )
            • 0xfde53272dcd7938d16e031a6989753c321728332.47e1da2a( )
              • ETH 0.017393525359249805 0xbcc446fc323e4ad9839532e148ee4d8cbf77b60e.CALL( )
              • ETH 0.000069401521752302 Pimlico: ERC-4337 Bundler 7.CALL( )
                handleOps[EntryPoint (ln:137)]
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
                // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (security/ReentrancyGuard.sol)
                pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
                /**
                 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
                 *
                 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
                 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
                 * (reentrant) calls to them.
                 *
                 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
                 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
                 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
                 * points to them.
                 *
                 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
                 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
                 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
                 */
                abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
                    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
                    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
                    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
                    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
                    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.
                    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
                    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
                    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
                    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
                    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
                    uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
                    uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;
                    uint256 private _status;
                    constructor() {
                        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
                    }
                    /**
                     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
                     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
                     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
                     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
                     * `private` function that does the actual work.
                     */
                    modifier nonReentrant() {
                        _nonReentrantBefore();
                        _;
                        _nonReentrantAfter();
                    }
                    function _nonReentrantBefore() private {
                        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _status will be _NOT_ENTERED
                        require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");
                        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
                        _status = _ENTERED;
                    }
                    function _nonReentrantAfter() private {
                        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
                        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
                        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
                    }
                }
                /**
                 ** Account-Abstraction (EIP-4337) singleton EntryPoint implementation.
                 ** Only one instance required on each chain.
                 **/
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                /* solhint-disable avoid-low-level-calls */
                /* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
                import "../interfaces/IAccount.sol";
                import "../interfaces/IPaymaster.sol";
                import "../interfaces/IEntryPoint.sol";
                import "../utils/Exec.sol";
                import "./StakeManager.sol";
                import "./SenderCreator.sol";
                import "./Helpers.sol";
                import "./NonceManager.sol";
                import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
                contract EntryPoint is IEntryPoint, StakeManager, NonceManager, ReentrancyGuard {
                    using UserOperationLib for UserOperation;
                    SenderCreator private immutable senderCreator = new SenderCreator();
                    // internal value used during simulation: need to query aggregator.
                    address private constant SIMULATE_FIND_AGGREGATOR = address(1);
                    // marker for inner call revert on out of gas
                    bytes32 private constant INNER_OUT_OF_GAS = hex'deaddead';
                    uint256 private constant REVERT_REASON_MAX_LEN = 2048;
                    /**
                     * for simulation purposes, validateUserOp (and validatePaymasterUserOp) must return this value
                     * in case of signature failure, instead of revert.
                     */
                    uint256 public constant SIG_VALIDATION_FAILED = 1;
                    /**
                     * compensate the caller's beneficiary address with the collected fees of all UserOperations.
                     * @param beneficiary the address to receive the fees
                     * @param amount amount to transfer.
                     */
                    function _compensate(address payable beneficiary, uint256 amount) internal {
                        require(beneficiary != address(0), "AA90 invalid beneficiary");
                        (bool success,) = beneficiary.call{value : amount}("");
                        require(success, "AA91 failed send to beneficiary");
                    }
                    /**
                     * execute a user op
                     * @param opIndex index into the opInfo array
                     * @param userOp the userOp to execute
                     * @param opInfo the opInfo filled by validatePrepayment for this userOp.
                     * @return collected the total amount this userOp paid.
                     */
                    function _executeUserOp(uint256 opIndex, UserOperation calldata userOp, UserOpInfo memory opInfo) private returns (uint256 collected) {
                        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
                        bytes memory context = getMemoryBytesFromOffset(opInfo.contextOffset);
                        try this.innerHandleOp(userOp.callData, opInfo, context) returns (uint256 _actualGasCost) {
                            collected = _actualGasCost;
                        } catch {
                            bytes32 innerRevertCode;
                            assembly {
                                returndatacopy(0, 0, 32)
                                innerRevertCode := mload(0)
                            }
                            // handleOps was called with gas limit too low. abort entire bundle.
                            if (innerRevertCode == INNER_OUT_OF_GAS) {
                                //report paymaster, since if it is not deliberately caused by the bundler,
                                // it must be a revert caused by paymaster.
                                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA95 out of gas");
                            }
                            uint256 actualGas = preGas - gasleft() + opInfo.preOpGas;
                            collected = _handlePostOp(opIndex, IPaymaster.PostOpMode.postOpReverted, opInfo, context, actualGas);
                        }
                    }
                    /**
                     * Execute a batch of UserOperations.
                     * no signature aggregator is used.
                     * if any account requires an aggregator (that is, it returned an aggregator when
                     * performing simulateValidation), then handleAggregatedOps() must be used instead.
                     * @param ops the operations to execute
                     * @param beneficiary the address to receive the fees
                     */
                    function handleOps(UserOperation[] calldata ops, address payable beneficiary) public nonReentrant {
                        uint256 opslen = ops.length;
                        UserOpInfo[] memory opInfos = new UserOpInfo[](opslen);
                    unchecked {
                        for (uint256 i = 0; i < opslen; i++) {
                            UserOpInfo memory opInfo = opInfos[i];
                            (uint256 validationData, uint256 pmValidationData) = _validatePrepayment(i, ops[i], opInfo);
                            _validateAccountAndPaymasterValidationData(i, validationData, pmValidationData, address(0));
                        }
                        uint256 collected = 0;
                        emit BeforeExecution();
                        for (uint256 i = 0; i < opslen; i++) {
                            collected += _executeUserOp(i, ops[i], opInfos[i]);
                        }
                        _compensate(beneficiary, collected);
                    } //unchecked
                    }
                    /**
                     * Execute a batch of UserOperation with Aggregators
                     * @param opsPerAggregator the operations to execute, grouped by aggregator (or address(0) for no-aggregator accounts)
                     * @param beneficiary the address to receive the fees
                     */
                    function handleAggregatedOps(
                        UserOpsPerAggregator[] calldata opsPerAggregator,
                        address payable beneficiary
                    ) public nonReentrant {
                        uint256 opasLen = opsPerAggregator.length;
                        uint256 totalOps = 0;
                        for (uint256 i = 0; i < opasLen; i++) {
                            UserOpsPerAggregator calldata opa = opsPerAggregator[i];
                            UserOperation[] calldata ops = opa.userOps;
                            IAggregator aggregator = opa.aggregator;
                            //address(1) is special marker of "signature error"
                            require(address(aggregator) != address(1), "AA96 invalid aggregator");
                            if (address(aggregator) != address(0)) {
                                // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
                                try aggregator.validateSignatures(ops, opa.signature) {}
                                catch {
                                    revert SignatureValidationFailed(address(aggregator));
                                }
                            }
                            totalOps += ops.length;
                        }
                        UserOpInfo[] memory opInfos = new UserOpInfo[](totalOps);
                        emit BeforeExecution();
                        uint256 opIndex = 0;
                        for (uint256 a = 0; a < opasLen; a++) {
                            UserOpsPerAggregator calldata opa = opsPerAggregator[a];
                            UserOperation[] calldata ops = opa.userOps;
                            IAggregator aggregator = opa.aggregator;
                            uint256 opslen = ops.length;
                            for (uint256 i = 0; i < opslen; i++) {
                                UserOpInfo memory opInfo = opInfos[opIndex];
                                (uint256 validationData, uint256 paymasterValidationData) = _validatePrepayment(opIndex, ops[i], opInfo);
                                _validateAccountAndPaymasterValidationData(i, validationData, paymasterValidationData, address(aggregator));
                                opIndex++;
                            }
                        }
                        uint256 collected = 0;
                        opIndex = 0;
                        for (uint256 a = 0; a < opasLen; a++) {
                            UserOpsPerAggregator calldata opa = opsPerAggregator[a];
                            emit SignatureAggregatorChanged(address(opa.aggregator));
                            UserOperation[] calldata ops = opa.userOps;
                            uint256 opslen = ops.length;
                            for (uint256 i = 0; i < opslen; i++) {
                                collected += _executeUserOp(opIndex, ops[i], opInfos[opIndex]);
                                opIndex++;
                            }
                        }
                        emit SignatureAggregatorChanged(address(0));
                        _compensate(beneficiary, collected);
                    }
                    /// @inheritdoc IEntryPoint
                    function simulateHandleOp(UserOperation calldata op, address target, bytes calldata targetCallData) external override {
                        UserOpInfo memory opInfo;
                        _simulationOnlyValidations(op);
                        (uint256 validationData, uint256 paymasterValidationData) = _validatePrepayment(0, op, opInfo);
                        ValidationData memory data = _intersectTimeRange(validationData, paymasterValidationData);
                        numberMarker();
                        uint256 paid = _executeUserOp(0, op, opInfo);
                        numberMarker();
                        bool targetSuccess;
                        bytes memory targetResult;
                        if (target != address(0)) {
                            (targetSuccess, targetResult) = target.call(targetCallData);
                        }
                        revert ExecutionResult(opInfo.preOpGas, paid, data.validAfter, data.validUntil, targetSuccess, targetResult);
                    }
                    // A memory copy of UserOp static fields only.
                    // Excluding: callData, initCode and signature. Replacing paymasterAndData with paymaster.
                    struct MemoryUserOp {
                        address sender;
                        uint256 nonce;
                        uint256 callGasLimit;
                        uint256 verificationGasLimit;
                        uint256 preVerificationGas;
                        address paymaster;
                        uint256 maxFeePerGas;
                        uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas;
                    }
                    struct UserOpInfo {
                        MemoryUserOp mUserOp;
                        bytes32 userOpHash;
                        uint256 prefund;
                        uint256 contextOffset;
                        uint256 preOpGas;
                    }
                    /**
                     * inner function to handle a UserOperation.
                     * Must be declared "external" to open a call context, but it can only be called by handleOps.
                     */
                    function innerHandleOp(bytes memory callData, UserOpInfo memory opInfo, bytes calldata context) external returns (uint256 actualGasCost) {
                        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
                        require(msg.sender == address(this), "AA92 internal call only");
                        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = opInfo.mUserOp;
                        uint callGasLimit = mUserOp.callGasLimit;
                    unchecked {
                        // handleOps was called with gas limit too low. abort entire bundle.
                        if (gasleft() < callGasLimit + mUserOp.verificationGasLimit + 5000) {
                            assembly {
                                mstore(0, INNER_OUT_OF_GAS)
                                revert(0, 32)
                            }
                        }
                    }
                        IPaymaster.PostOpMode mode = IPaymaster.PostOpMode.opSucceeded;
                        if (callData.length > 0) {
                            bool success = Exec.call(mUserOp.sender, 0, callData, callGasLimit);
                            if (!success) {
                                bytes memory result = Exec.getReturnData(REVERT_REASON_MAX_LEN);
                                if (result.length > 0) {
                                    emit UserOperationRevertReason(opInfo.userOpHash, mUserOp.sender, mUserOp.nonce, result);
                                }
                                mode = IPaymaster.PostOpMode.opReverted;
                            }
                        }
                    unchecked {
                        uint256 actualGas = preGas - gasleft() + opInfo.preOpGas;
                        //note: opIndex is ignored (relevant only if mode==postOpReverted, which is only possible outside of innerHandleOp)
                        return _handlePostOp(0, mode, opInfo, context, actualGas);
                    }
                    }
                    /**
                     * generate a request Id - unique identifier for this request.
                     * the request ID is a hash over the content of the userOp (except the signature), the entrypoint and the chainid.
                     */
                    function getUserOpHash(UserOperation calldata userOp) public view returns (bytes32) {
                        return keccak256(abi.encode(userOp.hash(), address(this), block.chainid));
                    }
                    /**
                     * copy general fields from userOp into the memory opInfo structure.
                     */
                    function _copyUserOpToMemory(UserOperation calldata userOp, MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp) internal pure {
                        mUserOp.sender = userOp.sender;
                        mUserOp.nonce = userOp.nonce;
                        mUserOp.callGasLimit = userOp.callGasLimit;
                        mUserOp.verificationGasLimit = userOp.verificationGasLimit;
                        mUserOp.preVerificationGas = userOp.preVerificationGas;
                        mUserOp.maxFeePerGas = userOp.maxFeePerGas;
                        mUserOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas = userOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas;
                        bytes calldata paymasterAndData = userOp.paymasterAndData;
                        if (paymasterAndData.length > 0) {
                            require(paymasterAndData.length >= 20, "AA93 invalid paymasterAndData");
                            mUserOp.paymaster = address(bytes20(paymasterAndData[: 20]));
                        } else {
                            mUserOp.paymaster = address(0);
                        }
                    }
                    /**
                     * Simulate a call to account.validateUserOp and paymaster.validatePaymasterUserOp.
                     * @dev this method always revert. Successful result is ValidationResult error. other errors are failures.
                     * @dev The node must also verify it doesn't use banned opcodes, and that it doesn't reference storage outside the account's data.
                     * @param userOp the user operation to validate.
                     */
                    function simulateValidation(UserOperation calldata userOp) external {
                        UserOpInfo memory outOpInfo;
                        _simulationOnlyValidations(userOp);
                        (uint256 validationData, uint256 paymasterValidationData) = _validatePrepayment(0, userOp, outOpInfo);
                        StakeInfo memory paymasterInfo = _getStakeInfo(outOpInfo.mUserOp.paymaster);
                        StakeInfo memory senderInfo = _getStakeInfo(outOpInfo.mUserOp.sender);
                        StakeInfo memory factoryInfo;
                        {
                            bytes calldata initCode = userOp.initCode;
                            address factory = initCode.length >= 20 ? address(bytes20(initCode[0 : 20])) : address(0);
                            factoryInfo = _getStakeInfo(factory);
                        }
                        ValidationData memory data = _intersectTimeRange(validationData, paymasterValidationData);
                        address aggregator = data.aggregator;
                        bool sigFailed = aggregator == address(1);
                        ReturnInfo memory returnInfo = ReturnInfo(outOpInfo.preOpGas, outOpInfo.prefund,
                            sigFailed, data.validAfter, data.validUntil, getMemoryBytesFromOffset(outOpInfo.contextOffset));
                        if (aggregator != address(0) && aggregator != address(1)) {
                            AggregatorStakeInfo memory aggregatorInfo = AggregatorStakeInfo(aggregator, _getStakeInfo(aggregator));
                            revert ValidationResultWithAggregation(returnInfo, senderInfo, factoryInfo, paymasterInfo, aggregatorInfo);
                        }
                        revert ValidationResult(returnInfo, senderInfo, factoryInfo, paymasterInfo);
                    }
                    function _getRequiredPrefund(MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp) internal pure returns (uint256 requiredPrefund) {
                    unchecked {
                        //when using a Paymaster, the verificationGasLimit is used also to as a limit for the postOp call.
                        // our security model might call postOp eventually twice
                        uint256 mul = mUserOp.paymaster != address(0) ? 3 : 1;
                        uint256 requiredGas = mUserOp.callGasLimit + mUserOp.verificationGasLimit * mul + mUserOp.preVerificationGas;
                        requiredPrefund = requiredGas * mUserOp.maxFeePerGas;
                    }
                    }
                    // create the sender's contract if needed.
                    function _createSenderIfNeeded(uint256 opIndex, UserOpInfo memory opInfo, bytes calldata initCode) internal {
                        if (initCode.length != 0) {
                            address sender = opInfo.mUserOp.sender;
                            if (sender.code.length != 0) revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA10 sender already constructed");
                            address sender1 = senderCreator.createSender{gas : opInfo.mUserOp.verificationGasLimit}(initCode);
                            if (sender1 == address(0)) revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA13 initCode failed or OOG");
                            if (sender1 != sender) revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA14 initCode must return sender");
                            if (sender1.code.length == 0) revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA15 initCode must create sender");
                            address factory = address(bytes20(initCode[0 : 20]));
                            emit AccountDeployed(opInfo.userOpHash, sender, factory, opInfo.mUserOp.paymaster);
                        }
                    }
                    /**
                     * Get counterfactual sender address.
                     *  Calculate the sender contract address that will be generated by the initCode and salt in the UserOperation.
                     * this method always revert, and returns the address in SenderAddressResult error
                     * @param initCode the constructor code to be passed into the UserOperation.
                     */
                    function getSenderAddress(bytes calldata initCode) public {
                        address sender = senderCreator.createSender(initCode);
                        revert SenderAddressResult(sender);
                    }
                    function _simulationOnlyValidations(UserOperation calldata userOp) internal view {
                        // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
                        try this._validateSenderAndPaymaster(userOp.initCode, userOp.sender, userOp.paymasterAndData) {}
                        catch Error(string memory revertReason) {
                            if (bytes(revertReason).length != 0) {
                                revert FailedOp(0, revertReason);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    /**
                    * Called only during simulation.
                    * This function always reverts to prevent warm/cold storage differentiation in simulation vs execution.
                    */
                    function _validateSenderAndPaymaster(bytes calldata initCode, address sender, bytes calldata paymasterAndData) external view {
                        if (initCode.length == 0 && sender.code.length == 0) {
                            // it would revert anyway. but give a meaningful message
                            revert("AA20 account not deployed");
                        }
                        if (paymasterAndData.length >= 20) {
                            address paymaster = address(bytes20(paymasterAndData[0 : 20]));
                            if (paymaster.code.length == 0) {
                                // it would revert anyway. but give a meaningful message
                                revert("AA30 paymaster not deployed");
                            }
                        }
                        // always revert
                        revert("");
                    }
                    /**
                     * call account.validateUserOp.
                     * revert (with FailedOp) in case validateUserOp reverts, or account didn't send required prefund.
                     * decrement account's deposit if needed
                     */
                    function _validateAccountPrepayment(uint256 opIndex, UserOperation calldata op, UserOpInfo memory opInfo, uint256 requiredPrefund)
                    internal returns (uint256 gasUsedByValidateAccountPrepayment, uint256 validationData) {
                    unchecked {
                        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
                        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = opInfo.mUserOp;
                        address sender = mUserOp.sender;
                        _createSenderIfNeeded(opIndex, opInfo, op.initCode);
                        address paymaster = mUserOp.paymaster;
                        numberMarker();
                        uint256 missingAccountFunds = 0;
                        if (paymaster == address(0)) {
                            uint256 bal = balanceOf(sender);
                            missingAccountFunds = bal > requiredPrefund ? 0 : requiredPrefund - bal;
                        }
                        try IAccount(sender).validateUserOp{gas : mUserOp.verificationGasLimit}(op, opInfo.userOpHash, missingAccountFunds)
                        returns (uint256 _validationData) {
                            validationData = _validationData;
                        } catch Error(string memory revertReason) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, string.concat("AA23 reverted: ", revertReason));
                        } catch {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA23 reverted (or OOG)");
                        }
                        if (paymaster == address(0)) {
                            DepositInfo storage senderInfo = deposits[sender];
                            uint256 deposit = senderInfo.deposit;
                            if (requiredPrefund > deposit) {
                                revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA21 didn't pay prefund");
                            }
                            senderInfo.deposit = uint112(deposit - requiredPrefund);
                        }
                        gasUsedByValidateAccountPrepayment = preGas - gasleft();
                    }
                    }
                    /**
                     * In case the request has a paymaster:
                     * Validate paymaster has enough deposit.
                     * Call paymaster.validatePaymasterUserOp.
                     * Revert with proper FailedOp in case paymaster reverts.
                     * Decrement paymaster's deposit
                     */
                    function _validatePaymasterPrepayment(uint256 opIndex, UserOperation calldata op, UserOpInfo memory opInfo, uint256 requiredPreFund, uint256 gasUsedByValidateAccountPrepayment)
                    internal returns (bytes memory context, uint256 validationData) {
                    unchecked {
                        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = opInfo.mUserOp;
                        uint256 verificationGasLimit = mUserOp.verificationGasLimit;
                        require(verificationGasLimit > gasUsedByValidateAccountPrepayment, "AA41 too little verificationGas");
                        uint256 gas = verificationGasLimit - gasUsedByValidateAccountPrepayment;
                        address paymaster = mUserOp.paymaster;
                        DepositInfo storage paymasterInfo = deposits[paymaster];
                        uint256 deposit = paymasterInfo.deposit;
                        if (deposit < requiredPreFund) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA31 paymaster deposit too low");
                        }
                        paymasterInfo.deposit = uint112(deposit - requiredPreFund);
                        try IPaymaster(paymaster).validatePaymasterUserOp{gas : gas}(op, opInfo.userOpHash, requiredPreFund) returns (bytes memory _context, uint256 _validationData){
                            context = _context;
                            validationData = _validationData;
                        } catch Error(string memory revertReason) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, string.concat("AA33 reverted: ", revertReason));
                        } catch {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA33 reverted (or OOG)");
                        }
                    }
                    }
                    /**
                     * revert if either account validationData or paymaster validationData is expired
                     */
                    function _validateAccountAndPaymasterValidationData(uint256 opIndex, uint256 validationData, uint256 paymasterValidationData, address expectedAggregator) internal view {
                        (address aggregator, bool outOfTimeRange) = _getValidationData(validationData);
                        if (expectedAggregator != aggregator) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA24 signature error");
                        }
                        if (outOfTimeRange) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA22 expired or not due");
                        }
                        //pmAggregator is not a real signature aggregator: we don't have logic to handle it as address.
                        // non-zero address means that the paymaster fails due to some signature check (which is ok only during estimation)
                        address pmAggregator;
                        (pmAggregator, outOfTimeRange) = _getValidationData(paymasterValidationData);
                        if (pmAggregator != address(0)) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA34 signature error");
                        }
                        if (outOfTimeRange) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA32 paymaster expired or not due");
                        }
                    }
                    function _getValidationData(uint256 validationData) internal view returns (address aggregator, bool outOfTimeRange) {
                        if (validationData == 0) {
                            return (address(0), false);
                        }
                        ValidationData memory data = _parseValidationData(validationData);
                        // solhint-disable-next-line not-rely-on-time
                        outOfTimeRange = block.timestamp > data.validUntil || block.timestamp < data.validAfter;
                        aggregator = data.aggregator;
                    }
                    /**
                     * validate account and paymaster (if defined).
                     * also make sure total validation doesn't exceed verificationGasLimit
                     * this method is called off-chain (simulateValidation()) and on-chain (from handleOps)
                     * @param opIndex the index of this userOp into the "opInfos" array
                     * @param userOp the userOp to validate
                     */
                    function _validatePrepayment(uint256 opIndex, UserOperation calldata userOp, UserOpInfo memory outOpInfo)
                    private returns (uint256 validationData, uint256 paymasterValidationData) {
                        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
                        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = outOpInfo.mUserOp;
                        _copyUserOpToMemory(userOp, mUserOp);
                        outOpInfo.userOpHash = getUserOpHash(userOp);
                        // validate all numeric values in userOp are well below 128 bit, so they can safely be added
                        // and multiplied without causing overflow
                        uint256 maxGasValues = mUserOp.preVerificationGas | mUserOp.verificationGasLimit | mUserOp.callGasLimit |
                        userOp.maxFeePerGas | userOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas;
                        require(maxGasValues <= type(uint120).max, "AA94 gas values overflow");
                        uint256 gasUsedByValidateAccountPrepayment;
                        (uint256 requiredPreFund) = _getRequiredPrefund(mUserOp);
                        (gasUsedByValidateAccountPrepayment, validationData) = _validateAccountPrepayment(opIndex, userOp, outOpInfo, requiredPreFund);
                        if (!_validateAndUpdateNonce(mUserOp.sender, mUserOp.nonce)) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA25 invalid account nonce");
                        }
                        //a "marker" where account opcode validation is done and paymaster opcode validation is about to start
                        // (used only by off-chain simulateValidation)
                        numberMarker();
                        bytes memory context;
                        if (mUserOp.paymaster != address(0)) {
                            (context, paymasterValidationData) = _validatePaymasterPrepayment(opIndex, userOp, outOpInfo, requiredPreFund, gasUsedByValidateAccountPrepayment);
                        }
                    unchecked {
                        uint256 gasUsed = preGas - gasleft();
                        if (userOp.verificationGasLimit < gasUsed) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA40 over verificationGasLimit");
                        }
                        outOpInfo.prefund = requiredPreFund;
                        outOpInfo.contextOffset = getOffsetOfMemoryBytes(context);
                        outOpInfo.preOpGas = preGas - gasleft() + userOp.preVerificationGas;
                    }
                    }
                    /**
                     * process post-operation.
                     * called just after the callData is executed.
                     * if a paymaster is defined and its validation returned a non-empty context, its postOp is called.
                     * the excess amount is refunded to the account (or paymaster - if it was used in the request)
                     * @param opIndex index in the batch
                     * @param mode - whether is called from innerHandleOp, or outside (postOpReverted)
                     * @param opInfo userOp fields and info collected during validation
                     * @param context the context returned in validatePaymasterUserOp
                     * @param actualGas the gas used so far by this user operation
                     */
                    function _handlePostOp(uint256 opIndex, IPaymaster.PostOpMode mode, UserOpInfo memory opInfo, bytes memory context, uint256 actualGas) private returns (uint256 actualGasCost) {
                        uint256 preGas = gasleft();
                    unchecked {
                        address refundAddress;
                        MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp = opInfo.mUserOp;
                        uint256 gasPrice = getUserOpGasPrice(mUserOp);
                        address paymaster = mUserOp.paymaster;
                        if (paymaster == address(0)) {
                            refundAddress = mUserOp.sender;
                        } else {
                            refundAddress = paymaster;
                            if (context.length > 0) {
                                actualGasCost = actualGas * gasPrice;
                                if (mode != IPaymaster.PostOpMode.postOpReverted) {
                                    IPaymaster(paymaster).postOp{gas : mUserOp.verificationGasLimit}(mode, context, actualGasCost);
                                } else {
                                    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
                                    try IPaymaster(paymaster).postOp{gas : mUserOp.verificationGasLimit}(mode, context, actualGasCost) {}
                                    catch Error(string memory reason) {
                                        revert FailedOp(opIndex, string.concat("AA50 postOp reverted: ", reason));
                                    }
                                    catch {
                                        revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA50 postOp revert");
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        actualGas += preGas - gasleft();
                        actualGasCost = actualGas * gasPrice;
                        if (opInfo.prefund < actualGasCost) {
                            revert FailedOp(opIndex, "AA51 prefund below actualGasCost");
                        }
                        uint256 refund = opInfo.prefund - actualGasCost;
                        _incrementDeposit(refundAddress, refund);
                        bool success = mode == IPaymaster.PostOpMode.opSucceeded;
                        emit UserOperationEvent(opInfo.userOpHash, mUserOp.sender, mUserOp.paymaster, mUserOp.nonce, success, actualGasCost, actualGas);
                    } // unchecked
                    }
                    /**
                     * the gas price this UserOp agrees to pay.
                     * relayer/block builder might submit the TX with higher priorityFee, but the user should not
                     */
                    function getUserOpGasPrice(MemoryUserOp memory mUserOp) internal view returns (uint256) {
                    unchecked {
                        uint256 maxFeePerGas = mUserOp.maxFeePerGas;
                        uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas = mUserOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas;
                        if (maxFeePerGas == maxPriorityFeePerGas) {
                            //legacy mode (for networks that don't support basefee opcode)
                            return maxFeePerGas;
                        }
                        return min(maxFeePerGas, maxPriorityFeePerGas + block.basefee);
                    }
                    }
                    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                        return a < b ? a : b;
                    }
                    function getOffsetOfMemoryBytes(bytes memory data) internal pure returns (uint256 offset) {
                        assembly {offset := data}
                    }
                    function getMemoryBytesFromOffset(uint256 offset) internal pure returns (bytes memory data) {
                        assembly {data := offset}
                    }
                    //place the NUMBER opcode in the code.
                    // this is used as a marker during simulation, as this OP is completely banned from the simulated code of the
                    // account and paymaster.
                    function numberMarker() internal view {
                        assembly {mstore(0, number())}
                    }
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                /* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
                /**
                 * returned data from validateUserOp.
                 * validateUserOp returns a uint256, with is created by `_packedValidationData` and parsed by `_parseValidationData`
                 * @param aggregator - address(0) - the account validated the signature by itself.
                 *              address(1) - the account failed to validate the signature.
                 *              otherwise - this is an address of a signature aggregator that must be used to validate the signature.
                 * @param validAfter - this UserOp is valid only after this timestamp.
                 * @param validaUntil - this UserOp is valid only up to this timestamp.
                 */
                    struct ValidationData {
                        address aggregator;
                        uint48 validAfter;
                        uint48 validUntil;
                    }
                //extract sigFailed, validAfter, validUntil.
                // also convert zero validUntil to type(uint48).max
                    function _parseValidationData(uint validationData) pure returns (ValidationData memory data) {
                        address aggregator = address(uint160(validationData));
                        uint48 validUntil = uint48(validationData >> 160);
                        if (validUntil == 0) {
                            validUntil = type(uint48).max;
                        }
                        uint48 validAfter = uint48(validationData >> (48 + 160));
                        return ValidationData(aggregator, validAfter, validUntil);
                    }
                // intersect account and paymaster ranges.
                    function _intersectTimeRange(uint256 validationData, uint256 paymasterValidationData) pure returns (ValidationData memory) {
                        ValidationData memory accountValidationData = _parseValidationData(validationData);
                        ValidationData memory pmValidationData = _parseValidationData(paymasterValidationData);
                        address aggregator = accountValidationData.aggregator;
                        if (aggregator == address(0)) {
                            aggregator = pmValidationData.aggregator;
                        }
                        uint48 validAfter = accountValidationData.validAfter;
                        uint48 validUntil = accountValidationData.validUntil;
                        uint48 pmValidAfter = pmValidationData.validAfter;
                        uint48 pmValidUntil = pmValidationData.validUntil;
                        if (validAfter < pmValidAfter) validAfter = pmValidAfter;
                        if (validUntil > pmValidUntil) validUntil = pmValidUntil;
                        return ValidationData(aggregator, validAfter, validUntil);
                    }
                /**
                 * helper to pack the return value for validateUserOp
                 * @param data - the ValidationData to pack
                 */
                    function _packValidationData(ValidationData memory data) pure returns (uint256) {
                        return uint160(data.aggregator) | (uint256(data.validUntil) << 160) | (uint256(data.validAfter) << (160 + 48));
                    }
                /**
                 * helper to pack the return value for validateUserOp, when not using an aggregator
                 * @param sigFailed - true for signature failure, false for success
                 * @param validUntil last timestamp this UserOperation is valid (or zero for infinite)
                 * @param validAfter first timestamp this UserOperation is valid
                 */
                    function _packValidationData(bool sigFailed, uint48 validUntil, uint48 validAfter) pure returns (uint256) {
                        return (sigFailed ? 1 : 0) | (uint256(validUntil) << 160) | (uint256(validAfter) << (160 + 48));
                    }
                /**
                 * keccak function over calldata.
                 * @dev copy calldata into memory, do keccak and drop allocated memory. Strangely, this is more efficient than letting solidity do it.
                 */
                    function calldataKeccak(bytes calldata data) pure returns (bytes32 ret) {
                        assembly {
                            let mem := mload(0x40)
                            let len := data.length
                            calldatacopy(mem, data.offset, len)
                            ret := keccak256(mem, len)
                        }
                    }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                import "../interfaces/IEntryPoint.sol";
                /**
                 * nonce management functionality
                 */
                contract NonceManager is INonceManager {
                    /**
                     * The next valid sequence number for a given nonce key.
                     */
                    mapping(address => mapping(uint192 => uint256)) public nonceSequenceNumber;
                    function getNonce(address sender, uint192 key)
                    public view override returns (uint256 nonce) {
                        return nonceSequenceNumber[sender][key] | (uint256(key) << 64);
                    }
                    // allow an account to manually increment its own nonce.
                    // (mainly so that during construction nonce can be made non-zero,
                    // to "absorb" the gas cost of first nonce increment to 1st transaction (construction),
                    // not to 2nd transaction)
                    function incrementNonce(uint192 key) public override {
                        nonceSequenceNumber[msg.sender][key]++;
                    }
                    /**
                     * validate nonce uniqueness for this account.
                     * called just after validateUserOp()
                     */
                    function _validateAndUpdateNonce(address sender, uint256 nonce) internal returns (bool) {
                        uint192 key = uint192(nonce >> 64);
                        uint64 seq = uint64(nonce);
                        return nonceSequenceNumber[sender][key]++ == seq;
                    }
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                /**
                 * helper contract for EntryPoint, to call userOp.initCode from a "neutral" address,
                 * which is explicitly not the entryPoint itself.
                 */
                contract SenderCreator {
                    /**
                     * call the "initCode" factory to create and return the sender account address
                     * @param initCode the initCode value from a UserOp. contains 20 bytes of factory address, followed by calldata
                     * @return sender the returned address of the created account, or zero address on failure.
                     */
                    function createSender(bytes calldata initCode) external returns (address sender) {
                        address factory = address(bytes20(initCode[0 : 20]));
                        bytes memory initCallData = initCode[20 :];
                        bool success;
                        /* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
                        assembly {
                            success := call(gas(), factory, 0, add(initCallData, 0x20), mload(initCallData), 0, 32)
                            sender := mload(0)
                        }
                        if (!success) {
                            sender = address(0);
                        }
                    }
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                import "../interfaces/IStakeManager.sol";
                /* solhint-disable avoid-low-level-calls */
                /* solhint-disable not-rely-on-time */
                /**
                 * manage deposits and stakes.
                 * deposit is just a balance used to pay for UserOperations (either by a paymaster or an account)
                 * stake is value locked for at least "unstakeDelay" by a paymaster.
                 */
                abstract contract StakeManager is IStakeManager {
                    /// maps paymaster to their deposits and stakes
                    mapping(address => DepositInfo) public deposits;
                    /// @inheritdoc IStakeManager
                    function getDepositInfo(address account) public view returns (DepositInfo memory info) {
                        return deposits[account];
                    }
                    // internal method to return just the stake info
                    function _getStakeInfo(address addr) internal view returns (StakeInfo memory info) {
                        DepositInfo storage depositInfo = deposits[addr];
                        info.stake = depositInfo.stake;
                        info.unstakeDelaySec = depositInfo.unstakeDelaySec;
                    }
                    /// return the deposit (for gas payment) of the account
                    function balanceOf(address account) public view returns (uint256) {
                        return deposits[account].deposit;
                    }
                    receive() external payable {
                        depositTo(msg.sender);
                    }
                    function _incrementDeposit(address account, uint256 amount) internal {
                        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[account];
                        uint256 newAmount = info.deposit + amount;
                        require(newAmount <= type(uint112).max, "deposit overflow");
                        info.deposit = uint112(newAmount);
                    }
                    /**
                     * add to the deposit of the given account
                     */
                    function depositTo(address account) public payable {
                        _incrementDeposit(account, msg.value);
                        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[account];
                        emit Deposited(account, info.deposit);
                    }
                    /**
                     * add to the account's stake - amount and delay
                     * any pending unstake is first cancelled.
                     * @param unstakeDelaySec the new lock duration before the deposit can be withdrawn.
                     */
                    function addStake(uint32 unstakeDelaySec) public payable {
                        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[msg.sender];
                        require(unstakeDelaySec > 0, "must specify unstake delay");
                        require(unstakeDelaySec >= info.unstakeDelaySec, "cannot decrease unstake time");
                        uint256 stake = info.stake + msg.value;
                        require(stake > 0, "no stake specified");
                        require(stake <= type(uint112).max, "stake overflow");
                        deposits[msg.sender] = DepositInfo(
                            info.deposit,
                            true,
                            uint112(stake),
                            unstakeDelaySec,
                            0
                        );
                        emit StakeLocked(msg.sender, stake, unstakeDelaySec);
                    }
                    /**
                     * attempt to unlock the stake.
                     * the value can be withdrawn (using withdrawStake) after the unstake delay.
                     */
                    function unlockStake() external {
                        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[msg.sender];
                        require(info.unstakeDelaySec != 0, "not staked");
                        require(info.staked, "already unstaking");
                        uint48 withdrawTime = uint48(block.timestamp) + info.unstakeDelaySec;
                        info.withdrawTime = withdrawTime;
                        info.staked = false;
                        emit StakeUnlocked(msg.sender, withdrawTime);
                    }
                    /**
                     * withdraw from the (unlocked) stake.
                     * must first call unlockStake and wait for the unstakeDelay to pass
                     * @param withdrawAddress the address to send withdrawn value.
                     */
                    function withdrawStake(address payable withdrawAddress) external {
                        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[msg.sender];
                        uint256 stake = info.stake;
                        require(stake > 0, "No stake to withdraw");
                        require(info.withdrawTime > 0, "must call unlockStake() first");
                        require(info.withdrawTime <= block.timestamp, "Stake withdrawal is not due");
                        info.unstakeDelaySec = 0;
                        info.withdrawTime = 0;
                        info.stake = 0;
                        emit StakeWithdrawn(msg.sender, withdrawAddress, stake);
                        (bool success,) = withdrawAddress.call{value : stake}("");
                        require(success, "failed to withdraw stake");
                    }
                    /**
                     * withdraw from the deposit.
                     * @param withdrawAddress the address to send withdrawn value.
                     * @param withdrawAmount the amount to withdraw.
                     */
                    function withdrawTo(address payable withdrawAddress, uint256 withdrawAmount) external {
                        DepositInfo storage info = deposits[msg.sender];
                        require(withdrawAmount <= info.deposit, "Withdraw amount too large");
                        info.deposit = uint112(info.deposit - withdrawAmount);
                        emit Withdrawn(msg.sender, withdrawAddress, withdrawAmount);
                        (bool success,) = withdrawAddress.call{value : withdrawAmount}("");
                        require(success, "failed to withdraw");
                    }
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                import "./UserOperation.sol";
                interface IAccount {
                    /**
                     * Validate user's signature and nonce
                     * the entryPoint will make the call to the recipient only if this validation call returns successfully.
                     * signature failure should be reported by returning SIG_VALIDATION_FAILED (1).
                     * This allows making a "simulation call" without a valid signature
                     * Other failures (e.g. nonce mismatch, or invalid signature format) should still revert to signal failure.
                     *
                     * @dev Must validate caller is the entryPoint.
                     *      Must validate the signature and nonce
                     * @param userOp the operation that is about to be executed.
                     * @param userOpHash hash of the user's request data. can be used as the basis for signature.
                     * @param missingAccountFunds missing funds on the account's deposit in the entrypoint.
                     *      This is the minimum amount to transfer to the sender(entryPoint) to be able to make the call.
                     *      The excess is left as a deposit in the entrypoint, for future calls.
                     *      can be withdrawn anytime using "entryPoint.withdrawTo()"
                     *      In case there is a paymaster in the request (or the current deposit is high enough), this value will be zero.
                     * @return validationData packaged ValidationData structure. use `_packValidationData` and `_unpackValidationData` to encode and decode
                     *      <20-byte> sigAuthorizer - 0 for valid signature, 1 to mark signature failure,
                     *         otherwise, an address of an "authorizer" contract.
                     *      <6-byte> validUntil - last timestamp this operation is valid. 0 for "indefinite"
                     *      <6-byte> validAfter - first timestamp this operation is valid
                     *      If an account doesn't use time-range, it is enough to return SIG_VALIDATION_FAILED value (1) for signature failure.
                     *      Note that the validation code cannot use block.timestamp (or block.number) directly.
                     */
                    function validateUserOp(UserOperation calldata userOp, bytes32 userOpHash, uint256 missingAccountFunds)
                    external returns (uint256 validationData);
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                import "./UserOperation.sol";
                /**
                 * Aggregated Signatures validator.
                 */
                interface IAggregator {
                    /**
                     * validate aggregated signature.
                     * revert if the aggregated signature does not match the given list of operations.
                     */
                    function validateSignatures(UserOperation[] calldata userOps, bytes calldata signature) external view;
                    /**
                     * validate signature of a single userOp
                     * This method is should be called by bundler after EntryPoint.simulateValidation() returns (reverts) with ValidationResultWithAggregation
                     * First it validates the signature over the userOp. Then it returns data to be used when creating the handleOps.
                     * @param userOp the userOperation received from the user.
                     * @return sigForUserOp the value to put into the signature field of the userOp when calling handleOps.
                     *    (usually empty, unless account and aggregator support some kind of "multisig"
                     */
                    function validateUserOpSignature(UserOperation calldata userOp)
                    external view returns (bytes memory sigForUserOp);
                    /**
                     * aggregate multiple signatures into a single value.
                     * This method is called off-chain to calculate the signature to pass with handleOps()
                     * bundler MAY use optimized custom code perform this aggregation
                     * @param userOps array of UserOperations to collect the signatures from.
                     * @return aggregatedSignature the aggregated signature
                     */
                    function aggregateSignatures(UserOperation[] calldata userOps) external view returns (bytes memory aggregatedSignature);
                }
                /**
                 ** Account-Abstraction (EIP-4337) singleton EntryPoint implementation.
                 ** Only one instance required on each chain.
                 **/
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                /* solhint-disable avoid-low-level-calls */
                /* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
                /* solhint-disable reason-string */
                import "./UserOperation.sol";
                import "./IStakeManager.sol";
                import "./IAggregator.sol";
                import "./INonceManager.sol";
                interface IEntryPoint is IStakeManager, INonceManager {
                    /***
                     * An event emitted after each successful request
                     * @param userOpHash - unique identifier for the request (hash its entire content, except signature).
                     * @param sender - the account that generates this request.
                     * @param paymaster - if non-null, the paymaster that pays for this request.
                     * @param nonce - the nonce value from the request.
                     * @param success - true if the sender transaction succeeded, false if reverted.
                     * @param actualGasCost - actual amount paid (by account or paymaster) for this UserOperation.
                     * @param actualGasUsed - total gas used by this UserOperation (including preVerification, creation, validation and execution).
                     */
                    event UserOperationEvent(bytes32 indexed userOpHash, address indexed sender, address indexed paymaster, uint256 nonce, bool success, uint256 actualGasCost, uint256 actualGasUsed);
                    /**
                     * account "sender" was deployed.
                     * @param userOpHash the userOp that deployed this account. UserOperationEvent will follow.
                     * @param sender the account that is deployed
                     * @param factory the factory used to deploy this account (in the initCode)
                     * @param paymaster the paymaster used by this UserOp
                     */
                    event AccountDeployed(bytes32 indexed userOpHash, address indexed sender, address factory, address paymaster);
                    /**
                     * An event emitted if the UserOperation "callData" reverted with non-zero length
                     * @param userOpHash the request unique identifier.
                     * @param sender the sender of this request
                     * @param nonce the nonce used in the request
                     * @param revertReason - the return bytes from the (reverted) call to "callData".
                     */
                    event UserOperationRevertReason(bytes32 indexed userOpHash, address indexed sender, uint256 nonce, bytes revertReason);
                    /**
                     * an event emitted by handleOps(), before starting the execution loop.
                     * any event emitted before this event, is part of the validation.
                     */
                    event BeforeExecution();
                    /**
                     * signature aggregator used by the following UserOperationEvents within this bundle.
                     */
                    event SignatureAggregatorChanged(address indexed aggregator);
                    /**
                     * a custom revert error of handleOps, to identify the offending op.
                     *  NOTE: if simulateValidation passes successfully, there should be no reason for handleOps to fail on it.
                     *  @param opIndex - index into the array of ops to the failed one (in simulateValidation, this is always zero)
                     *  @param reason - revert reason
                     *      The string starts with a unique code "AAmn", where "m" is "1" for factory, "2" for account and "3" for paymaster issues,
                     *      so a failure can be attributed to the correct entity.
                     *   Should be caught in off-chain handleOps simulation and not happen on-chain.
                     *   Useful for mitigating DoS attempts against batchers or for troubleshooting of factory/account/paymaster reverts.
                     */
                    error FailedOp(uint256 opIndex, string reason);
                    /**
                     * error case when a signature aggregator fails to verify the aggregated signature it had created.
                     */
                    error SignatureValidationFailed(address aggregator);
                    /**
                     * Successful result from simulateValidation.
                     * @param returnInfo gas and time-range returned values
                     * @param senderInfo stake information about the sender
                     * @param factoryInfo stake information about the factory (if any)
                     * @param paymasterInfo stake information about the paymaster (if any)
                     */
                    error ValidationResult(ReturnInfo returnInfo,
                        StakeInfo senderInfo, StakeInfo factoryInfo, StakeInfo paymasterInfo);
                    /**
                     * Successful result from simulateValidation, if the account returns a signature aggregator
                     * @param returnInfo gas and time-range returned values
                     * @param senderInfo stake information about the sender
                     * @param factoryInfo stake information about the factory (if any)
                     * @param paymasterInfo stake information about the paymaster (if any)
                     * @param aggregatorInfo signature aggregation info (if the account requires signature aggregator)
                     *      bundler MUST use it to verify the signature, or reject the UserOperation
                     */
                    error ValidationResultWithAggregation(ReturnInfo returnInfo,
                        StakeInfo senderInfo, StakeInfo factoryInfo, StakeInfo paymasterInfo,
                        AggregatorStakeInfo aggregatorInfo);
                    /**
                     * return value of getSenderAddress
                     */
                    error SenderAddressResult(address sender);
                    /**
                     * return value of simulateHandleOp
                     */
                    error ExecutionResult(uint256 preOpGas, uint256 paid, uint48 validAfter, uint48 validUntil, bool targetSuccess, bytes targetResult);
                    //UserOps handled, per aggregator
                    struct UserOpsPerAggregator {
                        UserOperation[] userOps;
                        // aggregator address
                        IAggregator aggregator;
                        // aggregated signature
                        bytes signature;
                    }
                    /**
                     * Execute a batch of UserOperation.
                     * no signature aggregator is used.
                     * if any account requires an aggregator (that is, it returned an aggregator when
                     * performing simulateValidation), then handleAggregatedOps() must be used instead.
                     * @param ops the operations to execute
                     * @param beneficiary the address to receive the fees
                     */
                    function handleOps(UserOperation[] calldata ops, address payable beneficiary) external;
                    /**
                     * Execute a batch of UserOperation with Aggregators
                     * @param opsPerAggregator the operations to execute, grouped by aggregator (or address(0) for no-aggregator accounts)
                     * @param beneficiary the address to receive the fees
                     */
                    function handleAggregatedOps(
                        UserOpsPerAggregator[] calldata opsPerAggregator,
                        address payable beneficiary
                    ) external;
                    /**
                     * generate a request Id - unique identifier for this request.
                     * the request ID is a hash over the content of the userOp (except the signature), the entrypoint and the chainid.
                     */
                    function getUserOpHash(UserOperation calldata userOp) external view returns (bytes32);
                    /**
                     * Simulate a call to account.validateUserOp and paymaster.validatePaymasterUserOp.
                     * @dev this method always revert. Successful result is ValidationResult error. other errors are failures.
                     * @dev The node must also verify it doesn't use banned opcodes, and that it doesn't reference storage outside the account's data.
                     * @param userOp the user operation to validate.
                     */
                    function simulateValidation(UserOperation calldata userOp) external;
                    /**
                     * gas and return values during simulation
                     * @param preOpGas the gas used for validation (including preValidationGas)
                     * @param prefund the required prefund for this operation
                     * @param sigFailed validateUserOp's (or paymaster's) signature check failed
                     * @param validAfter - first timestamp this UserOp is valid (merging account and paymaster time-range)
                     * @param validUntil - last timestamp this UserOp is valid (merging account and paymaster time-range)
                     * @param paymasterContext returned by validatePaymasterUserOp (to be passed into postOp)
                     */
                    struct ReturnInfo {
                        uint256 preOpGas;
                        uint256 prefund;
                        bool sigFailed;
                        uint48 validAfter;
                        uint48 validUntil;
                        bytes paymasterContext;
                    }
                    /**
                     * returned aggregated signature info.
                     * the aggregator returned by the account, and its current stake.
                     */
                    struct AggregatorStakeInfo {
                        address aggregator;
                        StakeInfo stakeInfo;
                    }
                    /**
                     * Get counterfactual sender address.
                     *  Calculate the sender contract address that will be generated by the initCode and salt in the UserOperation.
                     * this method always revert, and returns the address in SenderAddressResult error
                     * @param initCode the constructor code to be passed into the UserOperation.
                     */
                    function getSenderAddress(bytes memory initCode) external;
                    /**
                     * simulate full execution of a UserOperation (including both validation and target execution)
                     * this method will always revert with "ExecutionResult".
                     * it performs full validation of the UserOperation, but ignores signature error.
                     * an optional target address is called after the userop succeeds, and its value is returned
                     * (before the entire call is reverted)
                     * Note that in order to collect the the success/failure of the target call, it must be executed
                     * with trace enabled to track the emitted events.
                     * @param op the UserOperation to simulate
                     * @param target if nonzero, a target address to call after userop simulation. If called, the targetSuccess and targetResult
                     *        are set to the return from that call.
                     * @param targetCallData callData to pass to target address
                     */
                    function simulateHandleOp(UserOperation calldata op, address target, bytes calldata targetCallData) external;
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                interface INonceManager {
                    /**
                     * Return the next nonce for this sender.
                     * Within a given key, the nonce values are sequenced (starting with zero, and incremented by one on each userop)
                     * But UserOp with different keys can come with arbitrary order.
                     *
                     * @param sender the account address
                     * @param key the high 192 bit of the nonce
                     * @return nonce a full nonce to pass for next UserOp with this sender.
                     */
                    function getNonce(address sender, uint192 key)
                    external view returns (uint256 nonce);
                    /**
                     * Manually increment the nonce of the sender.
                     * This method is exposed just for completeness..
                     * Account does NOT need to call it, neither during validation, nor elsewhere,
                     * as the EntryPoint will update the nonce regardless.
                     * Possible use-case is call it with various keys to "initialize" their nonces to one, so that future
                     * UserOperations will not pay extra for the first transaction with a given key.
                     */
                    function incrementNonce(uint192 key) external;
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                import "./UserOperation.sol";
                /**
                 * the interface exposed by a paymaster contract, who agrees to pay the gas for user's operations.
                 * a paymaster must hold a stake to cover the required entrypoint stake and also the gas for the transaction.
                 */
                interface IPaymaster {
                    enum PostOpMode {
                        opSucceeded, // user op succeeded
                        opReverted, // user op reverted. still has to pay for gas.
                        postOpReverted //user op succeeded, but caused postOp to revert. Now it's a 2nd call, after user's op was deliberately reverted.
                    }
                    /**
                     * payment validation: check if paymaster agrees to pay.
                     * Must verify sender is the entryPoint.
                     * Revert to reject this request.
                     * Note that bundlers will reject this method if it changes the state, unless the paymaster is trusted (whitelisted)
                     * The paymaster pre-pays using its deposit, and receive back a refund after the postOp method returns.
                     * @param userOp the user operation
                     * @param userOpHash hash of the user's request data.
                     * @param maxCost the maximum cost of this transaction (based on maximum gas and gas price from userOp)
                     * @return context value to send to a postOp
                     *      zero length to signify postOp is not required.
                     * @return validationData signature and time-range of this operation, encoded the same as the return value of validateUserOperation
                     *      <20-byte> sigAuthorizer - 0 for valid signature, 1 to mark signature failure,
                     *         otherwise, an address of an "authorizer" contract.
                     *      <6-byte> validUntil - last timestamp this operation is valid. 0 for "indefinite"
                     *      <6-byte> validAfter - first timestamp this operation is valid
                     *      Note that the validation code cannot use block.timestamp (or block.number) directly.
                     */
                    function validatePaymasterUserOp(UserOperation calldata userOp, bytes32 userOpHash, uint256 maxCost)
                    external returns (bytes memory context, uint256 validationData);
                    /**
                     * post-operation handler.
                     * Must verify sender is the entryPoint
                     * @param mode enum with the following options:
                     *      opSucceeded - user operation succeeded.
                     *      opReverted  - user op reverted. still has to pay for gas.
                     *      postOpReverted - user op succeeded, but caused postOp (in mode=opSucceeded) to revert.
                     *                       Now this is the 2nd call, after user's op was deliberately reverted.
                     * @param context - the context value returned by validatePaymasterUserOp
                     * @param actualGasCost - actual gas used so far (without this postOp call).
                     */
                    function postOp(PostOpMode mode, bytes calldata context, uint256 actualGasCost) external;
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                /**
                 * manage deposits and stakes.
                 * deposit is just a balance used to pay for UserOperations (either by a paymaster or an account)
                 * stake is value locked for at least "unstakeDelay" by the staked entity.
                 */
                interface IStakeManager {
                    event Deposited(
                        address indexed account,
                        uint256 totalDeposit
                    );
                    event Withdrawn(
                        address indexed account,
                        address withdrawAddress,
                        uint256 amount
                    );
                    /// Emitted when stake or unstake delay are modified
                    event StakeLocked(
                        address indexed account,
                        uint256 totalStaked,
                        uint256 unstakeDelaySec
                    );
                    /// Emitted once a stake is scheduled for withdrawal
                    event StakeUnlocked(
                        address indexed account,
                        uint256 withdrawTime
                    );
                    event StakeWithdrawn(
                        address indexed account,
                        address withdrawAddress,
                        uint256 amount
                    );
                    /**
                     * @param deposit the entity's deposit
                     * @param staked true if this entity is staked.
                     * @param stake actual amount of ether staked for this entity.
                     * @param unstakeDelaySec minimum delay to withdraw the stake.
                     * @param withdrawTime - first block timestamp where 'withdrawStake' will be callable, or zero if already locked
                     * @dev sizes were chosen so that (deposit,staked, stake) fit into one cell (used during handleOps)
                     *    and the rest fit into a 2nd cell.
                     *    112 bit allows for 10^15 eth
                     *    48 bit for full timestamp
                     *    32 bit allows 150 years for unstake delay
                     */
                    struct DepositInfo {
                        uint112 deposit;
                        bool staked;
                        uint112 stake;
                        uint32 unstakeDelaySec;
                        uint48 withdrawTime;
                    }
                    //API struct used by getStakeInfo and simulateValidation
                    struct StakeInfo {
                        uint256 stake;
                        uint256 unstakeDelaySec;
                    }
                    /// @return info - full deposit information of given account
                    function getDepositInfo(address account) external view returns (DepositInfo memory info);
                    /// @return the deposit (for gas payment) of the account
                    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
                    /**
                     * add to the deposit of the given account
                     */
                    function depositTo(address account) external payable;
                    /**
                     * add to the account's stake - amount and delay
                     * any pending unstake is first cancelled.
                     * @param _unstakeDelaySec the new lock duration before the deposit can be withdrawn.
                     */
                    function addStake(uint32 _unstakeDelaySec) external payable;
                    /**
                     * attempt to unlock the stake.
                     * the value can be withdrawn (using withdrawStake) after the unstake delay.
                     */
                    function unlockStake() external;
                    /**
                     * withdraw from the (unlocked) stake.
                     * must first call unlockStake and wait for the unstakeDelay to pass
                     * @param withdrawAddress the address to send withdrawn value.
                     */
                    function withdrawStake(address payable withdrawAddress) external;
                    /**
                     * withdraw from the deposit.
                     * @param withdrawAddress the address to send withdrawn value.
                     * @param withdrawAmount the amount to withdraw.
                     */
                    function withdrawTo(address payable withdrawAddress, uint256 withdrawAmount) external;
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
                pragma solidity ^0.8.12;
                /* solhint-disable no-inline-assembly */
                import {calldataKeccak} from "../core/Helpers.sol";
                /**
                 * User Operation struct
                 * @param sender the sender account of this request.
                     * @param nonce unique value the sender uses to verify it is not a replay.
                     * @param initCode if set, the account contract will be created by this constructor/
                     * @param callData the method call to execute on this account.
                     * @param callGasLimit the gas limit passed to the callData method call.
                     * @param verificationGasLimit gas used for validateUserOp and validatePaymasterUserOp.
                     * @param preVerificationGas gas not calculated by the handleOps method, but added to the gas paid. Covers batch overhead.
                     * @param maxFeePerGas same as EIP-1559 gas parameter.
                     * @param maxPriorityFeePerGas same as EIP-1559 gas parameter.
                     * @param paymasterAndData if set, this field holds the paymaster address and paymaster-specific data. the paymaster will pay for the transaction instead of the sender.
                     * @param signature sender-verified signature over the entire request, the EntryPoint address and the chain ID.
                     */
                    struct UserOperation {
                        address sender;
                        uint256 nonce;
                        bytes initCode;
                        bytes callData;
                        uint256 callGasLimit;
                        uint256 verificationGasLimit;
                        uint256 preVerificationGas;
                        uint256 maxFeePerGas;
                        uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas;
                        bytes paymasterAndData;
                        bytes signature;
                    }
                /**
                 * Utility functions helpful when working with UserOperation structs.
                 */
                library UserOperationLib {
                    function getSender(UserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (address) {
                        address data;
                        //read sender from userOp, which is first userOp member (saves 800 gas...)
                        assembly {data := calldataload(userOp)}
                        return address(uint160(data));
                    }
                    //relayer/block builder might submit the TX with higher priorityFee, but the user should not
                    // pay above what he signed for.
                    function gasPrice(UserOperation calldata userOp) internal view returns (uint256) {
                    unchecked {
                        uint256 maxFeePerGas = userOp.maxFeePerGas;
                        uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas = userOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas;
                        if (maxFeePerGas == maxPriorityFeePerGas) {
                            //legacy mode (for networks that don't support basefee opcode)
                            return maxFeePerGas;
                        }
                        return min(maxFeePerGas, maxPriorityFeePerGas + block.basefee);
                    }
                    }
                    function pack(UserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (bytes memory ret) {
                        address sender = getSender(userOp);
                        uint256 nonce = userOp.nonce;
                        bytes32 hashInitCode = calldataKeccak(userOp.initCode);
                        bytes32 hashCallData = calldataKeccak(userOp.callData);
                        uint256 callGasLimit = userOp.callGasLimit;
                        uint256 verificationGasLimit = userOp.verificationGasLimit;
                        uint256 preVerificationGas = userOp.preVerificationGas;
                        uint256 maxFeePerGas = userOp.maxFeePerGas;
                        uint256 maxPriorityFeePerGas = userOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas;
                        bytes32 hashPaymasterAndData = calldataKeccak(userOp.paymasterAndData);
                        return abi.encode(
                            sender, nonce,
                            hashInitCode, hashCallData,
                            callGasLimit, verificationGasLimit, preVerificationGas,
                            maxFeePerGas, maxPriorityFeePerGas,
                            hashPaymasterAndData
                        );
                    }
                    function hash(UserOperation calldata userOp) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                        return keccak256(pack(userOp));
                    }
                    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                        return a < b ? a : b;
                    }
                }
                // SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
                pragma solidity >=0.7.5 <0.9.0;
                // solhint-disable no-inline-assembly
                /**
                 * Utility functions helpful when making different kinds of contract calls in Solidity.
                 */
                library Exec {
                    function call(
                        address to,
                        uint256 value,
                        bytes memory data,
                        uint256 txGas
                    ) internal returns (bool success) {
                        assembly {
                            success := call(txGas, to, value, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                        }
                    }
                    function staticcall(
                        address to,
                        bytes memory data,
                        uint256 txGas
                    ) internal view returns (bool success) {
                        assembly {
                            success := staticcall(txGas, to, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                        }
                    }
                    function delegateCall(
                        address to,
                        bytes memory data,
                        uint256 txGas
                    ) internal returns (bool success) {
                        assembly {
                            success := delegatecall(txGas, to, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                        }
                    }
                    // get returned data from last call or calldelegate
                    function getReturnData(uint256 maxLen) internal pure returns (bytes memory returnData) {
                        assembly {
                            let len := returndatasize()
                            if gt(len, maxLen) {
                                len := maxLen
                            }
                            let ptr := mload(0x40)
                            mstore(0x40, add(ptr, add(len, 0x20)))
                            mstore(ptr, len)
                            returndatacopy(add(ptr, 0x20), 0, len)
                            returnData := ptr
                        }
                    }
                    // revert with explicit byte array (probably reverted info from call)
                    function revertWithData(bytes memory returnData) internal pure {
                        assembly {
                            revert(add(returnData, 32), mload(returnData))
                        }
                    }
                    function callAndRevert(address to, bytes memory data, uint256 maxLen) internal {
                        bool success = call(to,0,data,gasleft());
                        if (!success) {
                            revertWithData(getReturnData(maxLen));
                        }
                    }
                }