ETH Price: $1,888.52 (-4.40%)

Transaction Decoder

Block:
24314772 at Jan-25-2026 10:19:23 PM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.000119101958512394 ETH $0.22
Gas Used:
619,333 Gas / 0.192306818 Gwei

Emitted Events:

350 0x0ca3a2fbc3d770b578223fbb6b062fa875a2ee75.0x35d79ab81f2b2017e19afb5c5571778877782d7a8786f5907f93b0f4702f4f23( 0x35d79ab81f2b2017e19afb5c5571778877782d7a8786f5907f93b0f4702f4f23, 0x000000000000000000000000a6c585ae71f35f04cea968bb4c931f22a31ea6be, 0x000000000000000000000000a6c585ae71f35f04cea968bb4c931f22a31ea6be, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003e788e09bb000, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 )
351 0x0ca3a2fbc3d770b578223fbb6b062fa875a2ee75.0x2849b43074093a05396b6f2a937dee8565b15a48a7b3d4bffb732a5017380af5( 0x2849b43074093a05396b6f2a937dee8565b15a48a7b3d4bffb732a5017380af5, 0x000000000000000000000000a6c585ae71f35f04cea968bb4c931f22a31ea6be, 0x000000000000000000000000a6c585ae71f35f04cea968bb4c931f22a31ea6be, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003e788e09bb000, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 )
352 0x7f82f57f0dd546519324392e408b01fcc7d709e8.0xb3813568d9991fc951961fcb4c784893574240a28925604d09fc577c55bb7c32( 0xb3813568d9991fc951961fcb4c784893574240a28925604d09fc577c55bb7c32, 0x0000000000000000000000007d8298250087b29a8040ec63903bc130f4832dda, 0x0000000000000000000000004200000000000000000000000000000000000007, 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020, 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001ed, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003e788e09bb000, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003e788e09bb000, 00000000000fbeec00d764ad0b00010000000000000000000000000000000000, 00000000000000000000003de20000000000000000000000000ca3a2fbc3d770, b578223fbb6b062fa875a2ee7500000000000000000000000042000000000000, 0000000000000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 00000000000003e788e09bb00000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 00000000000000000000030d4000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 000000000000000000000000c000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 000000000000000000000000a41635f5fd000000000000000000000000a6c585, ae71f35f04cea968bb4c931f22a31ea6be000000000000000000000000a6c585, ae71f35f04cea968bb4c931f22a31ea6be000000000000000000000000000000, 0000000000000000000003e788e09bb000000000000000000000000000000000, 0000000000000000000000000000000080000000000000000000000000000000, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 )
353 0x6c7198250087b29a8040ec63903bc130f4831cc9.0xcb0f7ffd78f9aee47a248fae8db181db6eee833039123e026dcbff529522e52a( 0xcb0f7ffd78f9aee47a248fae8db181db6eee833039123e026dcbff529522e52a, 0x0000000000000000000000004200000000000000000000000000000000000010, 0000000000000000000000000ca3a2fbc3d770b578223fbb6b062fa875a2ee75, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000080, 0001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003de2, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000030d40, 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000a4, 1635f5fd000000000000000000000000a6c585ae71f35f04cea968bb4c931f22, a31ea6be000000000000000000000000a6c585ae71f35f04cea968bb4c931f22, a31ea6be0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003e788, e09bb00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 0000008000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 )
354 0x6c7198250087b29a8040ec63903bc130f4831cc9.0x8ebb2ec2465bdb2a06a66fc37a0963af8a2a6a1479d81d56fdb8cbb98096d546( 0x8ebb2ec2465bdb2a06a66fc37a0963af8a2a6a1479d81d56fdb8cbb98096d546, 0x0000000000000000000000000ca3a2fbc3d770b578223fbb6b062fa875a2ee75, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003e788e09bb000 )

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
(quasarbuilder)
18.025936065197124297 Eth18.025947090281393782 Eth0.000011025084269485
0x6C719825...0f4831Cc9
(MegaETH: L1 Cross Domain Messenger Proxy)
0x7f82f57F...cC7D709e8
(MegaETH: Optimism Portal Proxy)
1,636.694510380290478593 Eth1,636.695609380290478593 Eth0.001099
0xa6C585AE...2a31eA6be
0.001423352784233701 Eth
Nonce: 0
0.000205250825721307 Eth
Nonce: 1
0.001218101958512394

Execution Trace

ETH 0.001099 MegaETH: ETH Bridge.CALL( )
  • 0x15fcb0120d414f246ead019ca4bdf97447cd8d90.STATICCALL( )
  • ETH 0.001099 L1StandardBridge.DELEGATECALL( )
    • ETH 0.001099 MegaETH: L1 Cross Domain Messenger Proxy.3dbb202b( )
      • 0x9754fd3d63b3eac3fd62b6d54de4f61b00d6e0df.bf40fac1( )
      • ETH 0.001099 L1CrossDomainMessenger.sendMessage( _target=0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000010, _message=0x1635F5FD000000000000000000000000A6C585AE71F35F04CEA968BB4C931F22A31EA6BE000000000000000000000000A6C585AE71F35F04CEA968BB4C931F22A31EA6BE0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003E788E09BB00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, _minGasLimit=200000 )
        • ETH 0.001099 MegaETH: Optimism Portal Proxy.e9e05c42( )
          • ETH 0.001099 0x55400445e384393f9c1be23e7e734e8d44ed9fd9.e9e05c42( )
            • 0x1ed92e1bc9a2735216540eddd0191144681cb77e.STATICCALL( )
              File 1 of 2: L1StandardBridge
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity 0.8.15;
              // Contracts
              import { StandardBridge } from "src/universal/StandardBridge.sol";
              // Libraries
              import { Predeploys } from "src/libraries/Predeploys.sol";
              // Interfaces
              import { ISemver } from "interfaces/universal/ISemver.sol";
              import { ICrossDomainMessenger } from "interfaces/universal/ICrossDomainMessenger.sol";
              import { ISuperchainConfig } from "interfaces/L1/ISuperchainConfig.sol";
              /// @custom:proxied true
              /// @title L1StandardBridge
              /// @notice The L1StandardBridge is responsible for transfering ETH and ERC20 tokens between L1 and
              ///         L2. In the case that an ERC20 token is native to L1, it will be escrowed within this
              ///         contract. If the ERC20 token is native to L2, it will be burnt. Before Bedrock, ETH was
              ///         stored within this contract. After Bedrock, ETH is instead stored inside the
              ///         OptimismPortal contract.
              ///         NOTE: this contract is not intended to support all variations of ERC20 tokens. Examples
              ///         of some token types that may not be properly supported by this contract include, but are
              ///         not limited to: tokens with transfer fees, rebasing tokens, and tokens with blocklists.
              contract L1StandardBridge is StandardBridge, ISemver {
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Emitted whenever a deposit of ETH from L1 into L2 is initiated.
                  /// @param from      Address of the depositor.
                  /// @param to        Address of the recipient on L2.
                  /// @param amount    Amount of ETH deposited.
                  /// @param extraData Extra data attached to the deposit.
                  event ETHDepositInitiated(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount, bytes extraData);
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Emitted whenever a withdrawal of ETH from L2 to L1 is finalized.
                  /// @param from      Address of the withdrawer.
                  /// @param to        Address of the recipient on L1.
                  /// @param amount    Amount of ETH withdrawn.
                  /// @param extraData Extra data attached to the withdrawal.
                  event ETHWithdrawalFinalized(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount, bytes extraData);
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Emitted whenever an ERC20 deposit is initiated.
                  /// @param l1Token   Address of the token on L1.
                  /// @param l2Token   Address of the corresponding token on L2.
                  /// @param from      Address of the depositor.
                  /// @param to        Address of the recipient on L2.
                  /// @param amount    Amount of the ERC20 deposited.
                  /// @param extraData Extra data attached to the deposit.
                  event ERC20DepositInitiated(
                      address indexed l1Token,
                      address indexed l2Token,
                      address indexed from,
                      address to,
                      uint256 amount,
                      bytes extraData
                  );
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Emitted whenever an ERC20 withdrawal is finalized.
                  /// @param l1Token   Address of the token on L1.
                  /// @param l2Token   Address of the corresponding token on L2.
                  /// @param from      Address of the withdrawer.
                  /// @param to        Address of the recipient on L1.
                  /// @param amount    Amount of the ERC20 withdrawn.
                  /// @param extraData Extra data attached to the withdrawal.
                  event ERC20WithdrawalFinalized(
                      address indexed l1Token,
                      address indexed l2Token,
                      address indexed from,
                      address to,
                      uint256 amount,
                      bytes extraData
                  );
                  /// @notice Semantic version.
                  /// @custom:semver 2.3.0
                  string public constant version = "2.3.0";
                  /// @notice Address of the SuperchainConfig contract.
                  ISuperchainConfig public superchainConfig;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer systemConfig
                  /// @notice Spacer taking up the legacy `systemConfig` slot.
                  address private spacer_51_0_20;
                  /// @notice Constructs the L1StandardBridge contract.
                  constructor() StandardBridge() {
                      _disableInitializers();
                  }
                  /// @notice Initializer.
                  /// @param _messenger        Contract for the CrossDomainMessenger on this network.
                  /// @param _superchainConfig Contract for the SuperchainConfig on this network.
                  function initialize(ICrossDomainMessenger _messenger, ISuperchainConfig _superchainConfig) external initializer {
                      superchainConfig = _superchainConfig;
                      __StandardBridge_init({
                          _messenger: _messenger,
                          _otherBridge: StandardBridge(payable(Predeploys.L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE))
                      });
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc StandardBridge
                  function paused() public view override returns (bool) {
                      return superchainConfig.paused();
                  }
                  /// @notice Allows EOAs to bridge ETH by sending directly to the bridge.
                  receive() external payable override onlyEOA {
                      _initiateETHDeposit(msg.sender, msg.sender, RECEIVE_DEFAULT_GAS_LIMIT, bytes(""));
                  }
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Deposits some amount of ETH into the sender's account on L2.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum gas limit for the deposit message on L2.
                  /// @param _extraData   Optional data to forward to L2.
                  ///                     Data supplied here will not be used to execute any code on L2 and is
                  ///                     only emitted as extra data for the convenience of off-chain tooling.
                  function depositETH(uint32 _minGasLimit, bytes calldata _extraData) external payable onlyEOA {
                      _initiateETHDeposit(msg.sender, msg.sender, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Deposits some amount of ETH into a target account on L2.
                  ///         Note that if ETH is sent to a contract on L2 and the call fails, then that ETH will
                  ///         be locked in the L2StandardBridge. ETH may be recoverable if the call can be
                  ///         successfully replayed by increasing the amount of gas supplied to the call. If the
                  ///         call will fail for any amount of gas, then the ETH will be locked permanently.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the recipient on L2.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum gas limit for the deposit message on L2.
                  /// @param _extraData   Optional data to forward to L2.
                  ///                     Data supplied here will not be used to execute any code on L2 and is
                  ///                     only emitted as extra data for the convenience of off-chain tooling.
                  function depositETHTo(address _to, uint32 _minGasLimit, bytes calldata _extraData) external payable {
                      _initiateETHDeposit(msg.sender, _to, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Deposits some amount of ERC20 tokens into the sender's account on L2.
                  /// @param _l1Token     Address of the L1 token being deposited.
                  /// @param _l2Token     Address of the corresponding token on L2.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of the ERC20 to deposit.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum gas limit for the deposit message on L2.
                  /// @param _extraData   Optional data to forward to L2.
                  ///                     Data supplied here will not be used to execute any code on L2 and is
                  ///                     only emitted as extra data for the convenience of off-chain tooling.
                  function depositERC20(
                      address _l1Token,
                      address _l2Token,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      uint32 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes calldata _extraData
                  )
                      external
                      virtual
                      onlyEOA
                  {
                      _initiateERC20Deposit(_l1Token, _l2Token, msg.sender, msg.sender, _amount, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Deposits some amount of ERC20 tokens into a target account on L2.
                  /// @param _l1Token     Address of the L1 token being deposited.
                  /// @param _l2Token     Address of the corresponding token on L2.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the recipient on L2.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of the ERC20 to deposit.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum gas limit for the deposit message on L2.
                  /// @param _extraData   Optional data to forward to L2.
                  ///                     Data supplied here will not be used to execute any code on L2 and is
                  ///                     only emitted as extra data for the convenience of off-chain tooling.
                  function depositERC20To(
                      address _l1Token,
                      address _l2Token,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      uint32 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes calldata _extraData
                  )
                      external
                      virtual
                  {
                      _initiateERC20Deposit(_l1Token, _l2Token, msg.sender, _to, _amount, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Finalizes a withdrawal of ETH from L2.
                  /// @param _from      Address of the withdrawer on L2.
                  /// @param _to        Address of the recipient on L1.
                  /// @param _amount    Amount of ETH to withdraw.
                  /// @param _extraData Optional data forwarded from L2.
                  function finalizeETHWithdrawal(
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes calldata _extraData
                  )
                      external
                      payable
                  {
                      finalizeBridgeETH(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Finalizes a withdrawal of ERC20 tokens from L2.
                  /// @param _l1Token   Address of the token on L1.
                  /// @param _l2Token   Address of the corresponding token on L2.
                  /// @param _from      Address of the withdrawer on L2.
                  /// @param _to        Address of the recipient on L1.
                  /// @param _amount    Amount of the ERC20 to withdraw.
                  /// @param _extraData Optional data forwarded from L2.
                  function finalizeERC20Withdrawal(
                      address _l1Token,
                      address _l2Token,
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes calldata _extraData
                  )
                      external
                  {
                      finalizeBridgeERC20(_l1Token, _l2Token, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Retrieves the access of the corresponding L2 bridge contract.
                  /// @return Address of the corresponding L2 bridge contract.
                  function l2TokenBridge() external view returns (address) {
                      return address(otherBridge);
                  }
                  /// @notice Internal function for initiating an ETH deposit.
                  /// @param _from        Address of the sender on L1.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the recipient on L2.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum gas limit for the deposit message on L2.
                  /// @param _extraData   Optional data to forward to L2.
                  function _initiateETHDeposit(address _from, address _to, uint32 _minGasLimit, bytes memory _extraData) internal {
                      _initiateBridgeETH(_from, _to, msg.value, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Internal function for initiating an ERC20 deposit.
                  /// @param _l1Token     Address of the L1 token being deposited.
                  /// @param _l2Token     Address of the corresponding token on L2.
                  /// @param _from        Address of the sender on L1.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the recipient on L2.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of the ERC20 to deposit.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum gas limit for the deposit message on L2.
                  /// @param _extraData   Optional data to forward to L2.
                  function _initiateERC20Deposit(
                      address _l1Token,
                      address _l2Token,
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      uint32 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                  {
                      _initiateBridgeERC20(_l1Token, _l2Token, _from, _to, _amount, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc StandardBridge
                  /// @notice Emits the legacy ETHDepositInitiated event followed by the ETHBridgeInitiated event.
                  ///         This is necessary for backwards compatibility with the legacy bridge.
                  function _emitETHBridgeInitiated(
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                      override
                  {
                      emit ETHDepositInitiated(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                      super._emitETHBridgeInitiated(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc StandardBridge
                  /// @notice Emits the legacy ERC20DepositInitiated event followed by the ERC20BridgeInitiated
                  ///         event. This is necessary for backwards compatibility with the legacy bridge.
                  function _emitETHBridgeFinalized(
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                      override
                  {
                      emit ETHWithdrawalFinalized(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                      super._emitETHBridgeFinalized(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc StandardBridge
                  /// @notice Emits the legacy ERC20WithdrawalFinalized event followed by the ERC20BridgeFinalized
                  ///         event. This is necessary for backwards compatibility with the legacy bridge.
                  function _emitERC20BridgeInitiated(
                      address _localToken,
                      address _remoteToken,
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                      override
                  {
                      emit ERC20DepositInitiated(_localToken, _remoteToken, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                      super._emitERC20BridgeInitiated(_localToken, _remoteToken, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc StandardBridge
                  /// @notice Emits the legacy ERC20WithdrawalFinalized event followed by the ERC20BridgeFinalized
                  ///         event. This is necessary for backwards compatibility with the legacy bridge.
                  function _emitERC20BridgeFinalized(
                      address _localToken,
                      address _remoteToken,
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                      override
                  {
                      emit ERC20WithdrawalFinalized(_localToken, _remoteToken, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                      super._emitERC20BridgeFinalized(_localToken, _remoteToken, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity 0.8.15;
              // Contracts
              import { Initializable } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
              // Libraries
              import { ERC165Checker } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165Checker.sol";
              import { SafeERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
              import { SafeCall } from "src/libraries/SafeCall.sol";
              import { EOA } from "src/libraries/EOA.sol";
              // Interfaces
              import { IERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
              import { IOptimismMintableERC20 } from "interfaces/universal/IOptimismMintableERC20.sol";
              import { ILegacyMintableERC20 } from "interfaces/legacy/ILegacyMintableERC20.sol";
              import { ICrossDomainMessenger } from "interfaces/universal/ICrossDomainMessenger.sol";
              /// @custom:upgradeable
              /// @title StandardBridge
              /// @notice StandardBridge is a base contract for the L1 and L2 standard ERC20 bridges. It handles
              ///         the core bridging logic, including escrowing tokens that are native to the local chain
              ///         and minting/burning tokens that are native to the remote chain.
              abstract contract StandardBridge is Initializable {
                  using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
                  /// @notice The L2 gas limit set when eth is depoisited using the receive() function.
                  uint32 internal constant RECEIVE_DEFAULT_GAS_LIMIT = 200_000;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer messenger
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility.
                  bytes30 private spacer_0_2_30;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer l2TokenBridge
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility.
                  address private spacer_1_0_20;
                  /// @notice Mapping that stores deposits for a given pair of local and remote tokens.
                  mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) public deposits;
                  /// @notice Messenger contract on this domain.
                  /// @custom:network-specific
                  ICrossDomainMessenger public messenger;
                  /// @notice Corresponding bridge on the other domain.
                  /// @custom:network-specific
                  StandardBridge public otherBridge;
                  /// @notice Reserve extra slots (to a total of 50) in the storage layout for future upgrades.
                  ///         A gap size of 45 was chosen here, so that the first slot used in a child contract
                  ///         would be a multiple of 50.
                  uint256[45] private __gap;
                  /// @notice Emitted when an ETH bridge is initiated to the other chain.
                  /// @param from      Address of the sender.
                  /// @param to        Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param amount    Amount of ETH sent.
                  /// @param extraData Extra data sent with the transaction.
                  event ETHBridgeInitiated(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount, bytes extraData);
                  /// @notice Emitted when an ETH bridge is finalized on this chain.
                  /// @param from      Address of the sender.
                  /// @param to        Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param amount    Amount of ETH sent.
                  /// @param extraData Extra data sent with the transaction.
                  event ETHBridgeFinalized(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount, bytes extraData);
                  /// @notice Emitted when an ERC20 bridge is initiated to the other chain.
                  /// @param localToken  Address of the ERC20 on this chain.
                  /// @param remoteToken Address of the ERC20 on the remote chain.
                  /// @param from        Address of the sender.
                  /// @param to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param amount      Amount of the ERC20 sent.
                  /// @param extraData   Extra data sent with the transaction.
                  event ERC20BridgeInitiated(
                      address indexed localToken,
                      address indexed remoteToken,
                      address indexed from,
                      address to,
                      uint256 amount,
                      bytes extraData
                  );
                  /// @notice Emitted when an ERC20 bridge is finalized on this chain.
                  /// @param localToken  Address of the ERC20 on this chain.
                  /// @param remoteToken Address of the ERC20 on the remote chain.
                  /// @param from        Address of the sender.
                  /// @param to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param amount      Amount of the ERC20 sent.
                  /// @param extraData   Extra data sent with the transaction.
                  event ERC20BridgeFinalized(
                      address indexed localToken,
                      address indexed remoteToken,
                      address indexed from,
                      address to,
                      uint256 amount,
                      bytes extraData
                  );
                  /// @notice Only allow EOAs to call the functions. Note that this is not safe against contracts
                  ///         calling code within their constructors, but also doesn't really matter since we're
                  ///         just trying to prevent users accidentally depositing with smart contract wallets.
                  modifier onlyEOA() {
                      require(EOA.isSenderEOA(), "StandardBridge: function can only be called from an EOA");
                      _;
                  }
                  /// @notice Ensures that the caller is a cross-chain message from the other bridge.
                  modifier onlyOtherBridge() {
                      require(
                          msg.sender == address(messenger) && messenger.xDomainMessageSender() == address(otherBridge),
                          "StandardBridge: function can only be called from the other bridge"
                      );
                      _;
                  }
                  /// @notice Initializer.
                  /// @param _messenger   Contract for CrossDomainMessenger on this network.
                  /// @param _otherBridge Contract for the other StandardBridge contract.
                  function __StandardBridge_init(
                      ICrossDomainMessenger _messenger,
                      StandardBridge _otherBridge
                  )
                      internal
                      onlyInitializing
                  {
                      messenger = _messenger;
                      otherBridge = _otherBridge;
                  }
                  /// @notice Allows EOAs to bridge ETH by sending directly to the bridge.
                  ///         Must be implemented by contracts that inherit.
                  receive() external payable virtual;
                  /// @notice Getter for messenger contract.
                  ///         Public getter is legacy and will be removed in the future. Use `messenger` instead.
                  /// @return Contract of the messenger on this domain.
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  function MESSENGER() external view returns (ICrossDomainMessenger) {
                      return messenger;
                  }
                  /// @notice Getter for the other bridge contract.
                  ///         Public getter is legacy and will be removed in the future. Use `otherBridge` instead.
                  /// @return Contract of the bridge on the other network.
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  function OTHER_BRIDGE() external view returns (StandardBridge) {
                      return otherBridge;
                  }
                  /// @notice This function should return true if the contract is paused.
                  ///         On L1 this function will check the SuperchainConfig for its paused status.
                  ///         On L2 this function should be a no-op.
                  /// @return Whether or not the contract is paused.
                  function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
                      return false;
                  }
                  /// @notice Sends ETH to the sender's address on the other chain.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum amount of gas that the bridge can be relayed with.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data to be sent with the transaction. Note that the recipient will
                  ///                     not be triggered with this data, but it will be emitted and can be used
                  ///                     to identify the transaction.
                  function bridgeETH(uint32 _minGasLimit, bytes calldata _extraData) public payable onlyEOA {
                      _initiateBridgeETH(msg.sender, msg.sender, msg.value, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Sends ETH to a receiver's address on the other chain. Note that if ETH is sent to a
                  ///         smart contract and the call fails, the ETH will be temporarily locked in the
                  ///         StandardBridge on the other chain until the call is replayed. If the call cannot be
                  ///         replayed with any amount of gas (call always reverts), then the ETH will be
                  ///         permanently locked in the StandardBridge on the other chain. ETH will also
                  ///         be locked if the receiver is the other bridge, because finalizeBridgeETH will revert
                  ///         in that case.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum amount of gas that the bridge can be relayed with.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data to be sent with the transaction. Note that the recipient will
                  ///                     not be triggered with this data, but it will be emitted and can be used
                  ///                     to identify the transaction.
                  function bridgeETHTo(address _to, uint32 _minGasLimit, bytes calldata _extraData) public payable {
                      _initiateBridgeETH(msg.sender, _to, msg.value, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Sends ERC20 tokens to the sender's address on the other chain.
                  /// @param _localToken  Address of the ERC20 on this chain.
                  /// @param _remoteToken Address of the corresponding token on the remote chain.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of local tokens to deposit.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum amount of gas that the bridge can be relayed with.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data to be sent with the transaction. Note that the recipient will
                  ///                     not be triggered with this data, but it will be emitted and can be used
                  ///                     to identify the transaction.
                  function bridgeERC20(
                      address _localToken,
                      address _remoteToken,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      uint32 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes calldata _extraData
                  )
                      public
                      virtual
                      onlyEOA
                  {
                      _initiateBridgeERC20(_localToken, _remoteToken, msg.sender, msg.sender, _amount, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Sends ERC20 tokens to a receiver's address on the other chain.
                  /// @param _localToken  Address of the ERC20 on this chain.
                  /// @param _remoteToken Address of the corresponding token on the remote chain.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of local tokens to deposit.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum amount of gas that the bridge can be relayed with.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data to be sent with the transaction. Note that the recipient will
                  ///                     not be triggered with this data, but it will be emitted and can be used
                  ///                     to identify the transaction.
                  function bridgeERC20To(
                      address _localToken,
                      address _remoteToken,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      uint32 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes calldata _extraData
                  )
                      public
                      virtual
                  {
                      _initiateBridgeERC20(_localToken, _remoteToken, msg.sender, _to, _amount, _minGasLimit, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Finalizes an ETH bridge on this chain. Can only be triggered by the other
                  ///         StandardBridge contract on the remote chain.
                  /// @param _from      Address of the sender.
                  /// @param _to        Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount    Amount of ETH being bridged.
                  /// @param _extraData Extra data to be sent with the transaction. Note that the recipient will
                  ///                   not be triggered with this data, but it will be emitted and can be used
                  ///                   to identify the transaction.
                  function finalizeBridgeETH(
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes calldata _extraData
                  )
                      public
                      payable
                      onlyOtherBridge
                  {
                      require(paused() == false, "StandardBridge: paused");
                      require(msg.value == _amount, "StandardBridge: amount sent does not match amount required");
                      require(_to != address(this), "StandardBridge: cannot send to self");
                      require(_to != address(messenger), "StandardBridge: cannot send to messenger");
                      // Emit the correct events. By default this will be _amount, but child
                      // contracts may override this function in order to emit legacy events as well.
                      _emitETHBridgeFinalized(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                      bool success = SafeCall.call(_to, gasleft(), _amount, hex"");
                      require(success, "StandardBridge: ETH transfer failed");
                  }
                  /// @notice Finalizes an ERC20 bridge on this chain. Can only be triggered by the other
                  ///         StandardBridge contract on the remote chain.
                  /// @param _localToken  Address of the ERC20 on this chain.
                  /// @param _remoteToken Address of the corresponding token on the remote chain.
                  /// @param _from        Address of the sender.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of the ERC20 being bridged.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data to be sent with the transaction. Note that the recipient will
                  ///                     not be triggered with this data, but it will be emitted and can be used
                  ///                     to identify the transaction.
                  function finalizeBridgeERC20(
                      address _localToken,
                      address _remoteToken,
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes calldata _extraData
                  )
                      public
                      onlyOtherBridge
                  {
                      require(paused() == false, "StandardBridge: paused");
                      if (_isOptimismMintableERC20(_localToken)) {
                          require(
                              _isCorrectTokenPair(_localToken, _remoteToken),
                              "StandardBridge: wrong remote token for Optimism Mintable ERC20 local token"
                          );
                          IOptimismMintableERC20(_localToken).mint(_to, _amount);
                      } else {
                          deposits[_localToken][_remoteToken] = deposits[_localToken][_remoteToken] - _amount;
                          IERC20(_localToken).safeTransfer(_to, _amount);
                      }
                      // Emit the correct events. By default this will be ERC20BridgeFinalized, but child
                      // contracts may override this function in order to emit legacy events as well.
                      _emitERC20BridgeFinalized(_localToken, _remoteToken, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Initiates a bridge of ETH through the CrossDomainMessenger.
                  /// @param _from        Address of the sender.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of ETH being bridged.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum amount of gas that the bridge can be relayed with.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data to be sent with the transaction. Note that the recipient will
                  ///                     not be triggered with this data, but it will be emitted and can be used
                  ///                     to identify the transaction.
                  function _initiateBridgeETH(
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      uint32 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                  {
                      require(msg.value == _amount, "StandardBridge: bridging ETH must include sufficient ETH value");
                      // Emit the correct events. By default this will be _amount, but child
                      // contracts may override this function in order to emit legacy events as well.
                      _emitETHBridgeInitiated(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                      messenger.sendMessage{ value: _amount }({
                          _target: address(otherBridge),
                          _message: abi.encodeWithSelector(this.finalizeBridgeETH.selector, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData),
                          _minGasLimit: _minGasLimit
                      });
                  }
                  /// @notice Sends ERC20 tokens to a receiver's address on the other chain.
                  /// @param _localToken  Address of the ERC20 on this chain.
                  /// @param _remoteToken Address of the corresponding token on the remote chain.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of local tokens to deposit.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum amount of gas that the bridge can be relayed with.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data to be sent with the transaction. Note that the recipient will
                  ///                     not be triggered with this data, but it will be emitted and can be used
                  ///                     to identify the transaction.
                  function _initiateBridgeERC20(
                      address _localToken,
                      address _remoteToken,
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      uint32 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                  {
                      require(msg.value == 0, "StandardBridge: cannot send value");
                      if (_isOptimismMintableERC20(_localToken)) {
                          require(
                              _isCorrectTokenPair(_localToken, _remoteToken),
                              "StandardBridge: wrong remote token for Optimism Mintable ERC20 local token"
                          );
                          IOptimismMintableERC20(_localToken).burn(_from, _amount);
                      } else {
                          IERC20(_localToken).safeTransferFrom(_from, address(this), _amount);
                          deposits[_localToken][_remoteToken] = deposits[_localToken][_remoteToken] + _amount;
                      }
                      // Emit the correct events. By default this will be ERC20BridgeInitiated, but child
                      // contracts may override this function in order to emit legacy events as well.
                      _emitERC20BridgeInitiated(_localToken, _remoteToken, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                      messenger.sendMessage({
                          _target: address(otherBridge),
                          _message: abi.encodeWithSelector(
                              this.finalizeBridgeERC20.selector,
                              // Because this call will be executed on the remote chain, we reverse the order of
                              // the remote and local token addresses relative to their order in the
                              // finalizeBridgeERC20 function.
                              _remoteToken,
                              _localToken,
                              _from,
                              _to,
                              _amount,
                              _extraData
                          ),
                          _minGasLimit: _minGasLimit
                      });
                  }
                  /// @notice Checks if a given address is an OptimismMintableERC20. Not perfect, but good enough.
                  ///         Just the way we like it.
                  /// @param _token Address of the token to check.
                  /// @return True if the token is an OptimismMintableERC20.
                  function _isOptimismMintableERC20(address _token) internal view returns (bool) {
                      return ERC165Checker.supportsInterface(_token, type(ILegacyMintableERC20).interfaceId)
                          || ERC165Checker.supportsInterface(_token, type(IOptimismMintableERC20).interfaceId);
                  }
                  /// @notice Checks if the "other token" is the correct pair token for the OptimismMintableERC20.
                  ///         Calls can be saved in the future by combining this logic with
                  ///         `_isOptimismMintableERC20`.
                  /// @param _mintableToken OptimismMintableERC20 to check against.
                  /// @param _otherToken    Pair token to check.
                  /// @return True if the other token is the correct pair token for the OptimismMintableERC20.
                  function _isCorrectTokenPair(address _mintableToken, address _otherToken) internal view returns (bool) {
                      if (ERC165Checker.supportsInterface(_mintableToken, type(ILegacyMintableERC20).interfaceId)) {
                          return _otherToken == ILegacyMintableERC20(_mintableToken).l1Token();
                      } else {
                          return _otherToken == IOptimismMintableERC20(_mintableToken).remoteToken();
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Emits the ETHBridgeInitiated event and if necessary the appropriate legacy event
                  ///         when an ETH bridge is finalized on this chain.
                  /// @param _from      Address of the sender.
                  /// @param _to        Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount    Amount of ETH sent.
                  /// @param _extraData Extra data sent with the transaction.
                  function _emitETHBridgeInitiated(
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                      virtual
                  {
                      emit ETHBridgeInitiated(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Emits the ETHBridgeFinalized and if necessary the appropriate legacy event when an
                  ///         ETH bridge is finalized on this chain.
                  /// @param _from      Address of the sender.
                  /// @param _to        Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount    Amount of ETH sent.
                  /// @param _extraData Extra data sent with the transaction.
                  function _emitETHBridgeFinalized(
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                      virtual
                  {
                      emit ETHBridgeFinalized(_from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Emits the ERC20BridgeInitiated event and if necessary the appropriate legacy
                  ///         event when an ERC20 bridge is initiated to the other chain.
                  /// @param _localToken  Address of the ERC20 on this chain.
                  /// @param _remoteToken Address of the ERC20 on the remote chain.
                  /// @param _from        Address of the sender.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of the ERC20 sent.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data sent with the transaction.
                  function _emitERC20BridgeInitiated(
                      address _localToken,
                      address _remoteToken,
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                      virtual
                  {
                      emit ERC20BridgeInitiated(_localToken, _remoteToken, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
                  /// @notice Emits the ERC20BridgeFinalized event and if necessary the appropriate legacy
                  ///         event when an ERC20 bridge is initiated to the other chain.
                  /// @param _localToken  Address of the ERC20 on this chain.
                  /// @param _remoteToken Address of the ERC20 on the remote chain.
                  /// @param _from        Address of the sender.
                  /// @param _to          Address of the receiver.
                  /// @param _amount      Amount of the ERC20 sent.
                  /// @param _extraData   Extra data sent with the transaction.
                  function _emitERC20BridgeFinalized(
                      address _localToken,
                      address _remoteToken,
                      address _from,
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _amount,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      internal
                      virtual
                  {
                      emit ERC20BridgeFinalized(_localToken, _remoteToken, _from, _to, _amount, _extraData);
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @title Predeploys
              /// @notice Contains constant addresses for protocol contracts that are pre-deployed to the L2 system.
              //          This excludes the preinstalls (non-protocol contracts).
              library Predeploys {
                  /// @notice Number of predeploy-namespace addresses reserved for protocol usage.
                  uint256 internal constant PREDEPLOY_COUNT = 2048;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the LegacyMessagePasser predeploy. Deprecate. Use the updated
                  ///         L2ToL1MessagePasser contract instead.
                  address internal constant LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000000;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the L1MessageSender predeploy. Deprecated. Use L2CrossDomainMessenger
                  ///         or access tx.origin (or msg.sender) in a L1 to L2 transaction instead.
                  ///         Not embedded into new OP-Stack chains.
                  address internal constant L1_MESSAGE_SENDER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000001;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the DeployerWhitelist predeploy. No longer active.
                  address internal constant DEPLOYER_WHITELIST = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000002;
                  /// @notice Address of the canonical WETH contract.
                  address internal constant WETH = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2CrossDomainMessenger predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000007;
                  /// @notice Address of the GasPriceOracle predeploy. Includes fee information
                  ///         and helpers for computing the L1 portion of the transaction fee.
                  address internal constant GAS_PRICE_ORACLE = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2StandardBridge predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000010;
                  //// @notice Address of the SequencerFeeWallet predeploy.
                  address internal constant SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000011;
                  /// @notice Address of the OptimismMintableERC20Factory predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000012;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the L1BlockNumber predeploy. Deprecated. Use the L1Block predeploy
                  ///         instead, which exposes more information about the L1 state.
                  address internal constant L1_BLOCK_NUMBER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000013;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2ERC721Bridge predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_ERC721_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000014;
                  /// @notice Address of the L1Block predeploy.
                  address internal constant L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000015;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2ToL1MessagePasser predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000016;
                  /// @notice Address of the OptimismMintableERC721Factory predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000017;
                  /// @notice Address of the ProxyAdmin predeploy.
                  address internal constant PROXY_ADMIN = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000018;
                  /// @notice Address of the BaseFeeVault predeploy.
                  address internal constant BASE_FEE_VAULT = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000019;
                  /// @notice Address of the L1FeeVault predeploy.
                  address internal constant L1_FEE_VAULT = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000001A;
                  /// @notice Address of the OperatorFeeVault predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000001b;
                  /// @notice Address of the SchemaRegistry predeploy.
                  address internal constant SCHEMA_REGISTRY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000020;
                  /// @notice Address of the EAS predeploy.
                  address internal constant EAS = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000021;
                  /// @notice Address of the GovernanceToken predeploy.
                  address internal constant GOVERNANCE_TOKEN = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000042;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the LegacyERC20ETH predeploy. Deprecated. Balances are migrated to the
                  ///         state trie as of the Bedrock upgrade. Contract has been locked and write functions
                  ///         can no longer be accessed.
                  address internal constant LEGACY_ERC20_ETH = 0xDeadDeAddeAddEAddeadDEaDDEAdDeaDDeAD0000;
                  /// @notice Address of the CrossL2Inbox predeploy.
                  address internal constant CROSS_L2_INBOX = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000022;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2ToL2CrossDomainMessenger predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000023;
                  /// @notice Address of the SuperchainWETH predeploy.
                  address internal constant SUPERCHAIN_WETH = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000024;
                  /// @notice Address of the ETHLiquidity predeploy.
                  address internal constant ETH_LIQUIDITY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000025;
                  /// @notice Address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20Factory predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000026;
                  /// @notice Address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20Beacon predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_BEACON = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000027;
                  // TODO: Precalculate the address of the implementation contract
                  /// @notice Arbitrary address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20 implementation contract.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20 = 0xB9415c6cA93bdC545D4c5177512FCC22EFa38F28;
                  /// @notice Address of the SuperchainTokenBridge predeploy.
                  address internal constant SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000028;
                  /// @notice Returns the name of the predeploy at the given address.
                  function getName(address _addr) internal pure returns (string memory out_) {
                      require(isPredeployNamespace(_addr), "Predeploys: address must be a predeploy");
                      if (_addr == LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER) return "LegacyMessagePasser";
                      if (_addr == L1_MESSAGE_SENDER) return "L1MessageSender";
                      if (_addr == DEPLOYER_WHITELIST) return "DeployerWhitelist";
                      if (_addr == WETH) return "WETH";
                      if (_addr == L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) return "L2CrossDomainMessenger";
                      if (_addr == GAS_PRICE_ORACLE) return "GasPriceOracle";
                      if (_addr == L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE) return "L2StandardBridge";
                      if (_addr == SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET) return "SequencerFeeVault";
                      if (_addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY) return "OptimismMintableERC20Factory";
                      if (_addr == L1_BLOCK_NUMBER) return "L1BlockNumber";
                      if (_addr == L2_ERC721_BRIDGE) return "L2ERC721Bridge";
                      if (_addr == L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES) return "L1Block";
                      if (_addr == L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER) return "L2ToL1MessagePasser";
                      if (_addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY) return "OptimismMintableERC721Factory";
                      if (_addr == PROXY_ADMIN) return "ProxyAdmin";
                      if (_addr == BASE_FEE_VAULT) return "BaseFeeVault";
                      if (_addr == L1_FEE_VAULT) return "L1FeeVault";
                      if (_addr == OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT) return "OperatorFeeVault";
                      if (_addr == SCHEMA_REGISTRY) return "SchemaRegistry";
                      if (_addr == EAS) return "EAS";
                      if (_addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN) return "GovernanceToken";
                      if (_addr == LEGACY_ERC20_ETH) return "LegacyERC20ETH";
                      if (_addr == CROSS_L2_INBOX) return "CrossL2Inbox";
                      if (_addr == L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) return "L2ToL2CrossDomainMessenger";
                      if (_addr == SUPERCHAIN_WETH) return "SuperchainWETH";
                      if (_addr == ETH_LIQUIDITY) return "ETHLiquidity";
                      if (_addr == OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_FACTORY) return "OptimismSuperchainERC20Factory";
                      if (_addr == OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_BEACON) return "OptimismSuperchainERC20Beacon";
                      if (_addr == SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE) return "SuperchainTokenBridge";
                      revert("Predeploys: unnamed predeploy");
                  }
                  /// @notice Returns true if the predeploy is not proxied.
                  function notProxied(address _addr) internal pure returns (bool) {
                      return _addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN || _addr == WETH;
                  }
                  /// @notice Returns true if the address is a defined predeploy that is embedded into new OP-Stack chains.
                  function isSupportedPredeploy(address _addr, bool _useInterop) internal pure returns (bool) {
                      return _addr == LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER || _addr == DEPLOYER_WHITELIST || _addr == WETH
                          || _addr == L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER || _addr == GAS_PRICE_ORACLE || _addr == L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE
                          || _addr == SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET || _addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY || _addr == L1_BLOCK_NUMBER
                          || _addr == L2_ERC721_BRIDGE || _addr == L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES || _addr == L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER
                          || _addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY || _addr == PROXY_ADMIN || _addr == BASE_FEE_VAULT
                          || _addr == L1_FEE_VAULT || _addr == OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT || _addr == SCHEMA_REGISTRY || _addr == EAS
                          || _addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN || (_useInterop && _addr == CROSS_L2_INBOX)
                          || (_useInterop && _addr == L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) || (_useInterop && _addr == SUPERCHAIN_WETH)
                          || (_useInterop && _addr == ETH_LIQUIDITY) || (_useInterop && _addr == SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE);
                  }
                  function isPredeployNamespace(address _addr) internal pure returns (bool) {
                      return uint160(_addr) >> 11 == uint160(0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000000) >> 11;
                  }
                  /// @notice Function to compute the expected address of the predeploy implementation
                  ///         in the genesis state.
                  function predeployToCodeNamespace(address _addr) internal pure returns (address) {
                      require(
                          isPredeployNamespace(_addr), "Predeploys: can only derive code-namespace address for predeploy addresses"
                      );
                      return address(
                          uint160(uint256(uint160(_addr)) & 0xffff | uint256(uint160(0xc0D3C0d3C0d3C0D3c0d3C0d3c0D3C0d3c0d30000)))
                      );
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @title ISemver
              /// @notice ISemver is a simple contract for ensuring that contracts are
              ///         versioned using semantic versioning.
              interface ISemver {
                  /// @notice Getter for the semantic version of the contract. This is not
                  ///         meant to be used onchain but instead meant to be used by offchain
                  ///         tooling.
                  /// @return Semver contract version as a string.
                  function version() external view returns (string memory);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              interface ICrossDomainMessenger {
                  event FailedRelayedMessage(bytes32 indexed msgHash);
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  event RelayedMessage(bytes32 indexed msgHash);
                  event SentMessage(address indexed target, address sender, bytes message, uint256 messageNonce, uint256 gasLimit);
                  event SentMessageExtension1(address indexed sender, uint256 value);
                  function MESSAGE_VERSION() external view returns (uint16);
                  function MIN_GAS_CALLDATA_OVERHEAD() external view returns (uint64);
                  function MIN_GAS_DYNAMIC_OVERHEAD_DENOMINATOR() external view returns (uint64);
                  function MIN_GAS_DYNAMIC_OVERHEAD_NUMERATOR() external view returns (uint64);
                  function OTHER_MESSENGER() external view returns (ICrossDomainMessenger);
                  function RELAY_CALL_OVERHEAD() external view returns (uint64);
                  function RELAY_CONSTANT_OVERHEAD() external view returns (uint64);
                  function RELAY_GAS_CHECK_BUFFER() external view returns (uint64);
                  function RELAY_RESERVED_GAS() external view returns (uint64);
                  function TX_BASE_GAS() external view returns (uint64);
                  function FLOOR_CALLDATA_OVERHEAD() external view returns (uint64);
                  function ENCODING_OVERHEAD() external view returns (uint64);
                  function baseGas(bytes memory _message, uint32 _minGasLimit) external pure returns (uint64);
                  function failedMessages(bytes32) external view returns (bool);
                  function messageNonce() external view returns (uint256);
                  function otherMessenger() external view returns (ICrossDomainMessenger);
                  function paused() external view returns (bool);
                  function relayMessage(
                      uint256 _nonce,
                      address _sender,
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _value,
                      uint256 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes memory _message
                  )
                      external
                      payable;
                  function sendMessage(address _target, bytes memory _message, uint32 _minGasLimit) external payable;
                  function successfulMessages(bytes32) external view returns (bool);
                  function xDomainMessageSender() external view returns (address);
                  function __constructor__() external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              interface ISuperchainConfig {
                  enum UpdateType {
                      GUARDIAN
                  }
                  event ConfigUpdate(UpdateType indexed updateType, bytes data);
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  event Paused(string identifier);
                  event Unpaused();
                  function GUARDIAN_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function PAUSED_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function guardian() external view returns (address guardian_);
                  function initialize(address _guardian, bool _paused) external;
                  function pause(string memory _identifier) external;
                  function paused() external view returns (bool paused_);
                  function unpause() external;
                  function version() external view returns (string memory);
                  function __constructor__() external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.2;
              import "../../utils/Address.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
               * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
               * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
               * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
               *
               * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
               * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
               * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
               *
               * For example:
               *
               * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
               * ```
               * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
               *     function initialize() initializer public {
               *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
               *     }
               * }
               * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
               *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
               *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
               *     }
               * }
               * ```
               *
               * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
               * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
               *
               * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
               * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
               *
               * [CAUTION]
               * ====
               * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
               *
               * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
               * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
               * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
               *
               * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
               * ```
               * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
               * constructor() {
               *     _disableInitializers();
               * }
               * ```
               * ====
               */
              abstract contract Initializable {
                  /**
                   * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
                   * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
                   */
                  uint8 private _initialized;
                  /**
                   * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
                   */
                  bool private _initializing;
                  /**
                   * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
                   */
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  /**
                   * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
                   * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts. Equivalent to `reinitializer(1)`.
                   */
                  modifier initializer() {
                      bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
                      require(
                          (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!Address.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
                          "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
                      );
                      _initialized = 1;
                      if (isTopLevelCall) {
                          _initializing = true;
                      }
                      _;
                      if (isTopLevelCall) {
                          _initializing = false;
                          emit Initialized(1);
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
                   * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
                   * used to initialize parent contracts.
                   *
                   * `initializer` is equivalent to `reinitializer(1)`, so a reinitializer may be used after the original
                   * initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that are added through upgrades and that require
                   * initialization.
                   *
                   * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
                   * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
                   */
                  modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
                      require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
                      _initialized = version;
                      _initializing = true;
                      _;
                      _initializing = false;
                      emit Initialized(version);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
                   * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
                   */
                  modifier onlyInitializing() {
                      require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
                      _;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
                   * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
                   * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
                   * through proxies.
                   */
                  function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
                      require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
                      if (_initialized < type(uint8).max) {
                          _initialized = type(uint8).max;
                          emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.2) (utils/introspection/ERC165Checker.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import "./IERC165.sol";
              /**
               * @dev Library used to query support of an interface declared via {IERC165}.
               *
               * Note that these functions return the actual result of the query: they do not
               * `revert` if an interface is not supported. It is up to the caller to decide
               * what to do in these cases.
               */
              library ERC165Checker {
                  // As per the EIP-165 spec, no interface should ever match 0xffffffff
                  bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_INVALID = 0xffffffff;
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if `account` supports the {IERC165} interface,
                   */
                  function supportsERC165(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                      // Any contract that implements ERC165 must explicitly indicate support of
                      // InterfaceId_ERC165 and explicitly indicate non-support of InterfaceId_Invalid
                      return
                          _supportsERC165Interface(account, type(IERC165).interfaceId) &&
                          !_supportsERC165Interface(account, _INTERFACE_ID_INVALID);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if `account` supports the interface defined by
                   * `interfaceId`. Support for {IERC165} itself is queried automatically.
                   *
                   * See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
                   */
                  function supportsInterface(address account, bytes4 interfaceId) internal view returns (bool) {
                      // query support of both ERC165 as per the spec and support of _interfaceId
                      return supportsERC165(account) && _supportsERC165Interface(account, interfaceId);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns a boolean array where each value corresponds to the
                   * interfaces passed in and whether they're supported or not. This allows
                   * you to batch check interfaces for a contract where your expectation
                   * is that some interfaces may not be supported.
                   *
                   * See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.4._
                   */
                  function getSupportedInterfaces(address account, bytes4[] memory interfaceIds)
                      internal
                      view
                      returns (bool[] memory)
                  {
                      // an array of booleans corresponding to interfaceIds and whether they're supported or not
                      bool[] memory interfaceIdsSupported = new bool[](interfaceIds.length);
                      // query support of ERC165 itself
                      if (supportsERC165(account)) {
                          // query support of each interface in interfaceIds
                          for (uint256 i = 0; i < interfaceIds.length; i++) {
                              interfaceIdsSupported[i] = _supportsERC165Interface(account, interfaceIds[i]);
                          }
                      }
                      return interfaceIdsSupported;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if `account` supports all the interfaces defined in
                   * `interfaceIds`. Support for {IERC165} itself is queried automatically.
                   *
                   * Batch-querying can lead to gas savings by skipping repeated checks for
                   * {IERC165} support.
                   *
                   * See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
                   */
                  function supportsAllInterfaces(address account, bytes4[] memory interfaceIds) internal view returns (bool) {
                      // query support of ERC165 itself
                      if (!supportsERC165(account)) {
                          return false;
                      }
                      // query support of each interface in _interfaceIds
                      for (uint256 i = 0; i < interfaceIds.length; i++) {
                          if (!_supportsERC165Interface(account, interfaceIds[i])) {
                              return false;
                          }
                      }
                      // all interfaces supported
                      return true;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @notice Query if a contract implements an interface, does not check ERC165 support
                   * @param account The address of the contract to query for support of an interface
                   * @param interfaceId The interface identifier, as specified in ERC-165
                   * @return true if the contract at account indicates support of the interface with
                   * identifier interfaceId, false otherwise
                   * @dev Assumes that account contains a contract that supports ERC165, otherwise
                   * the behavior of this method is undefined. This precondition can be checked
                   * with {supportsERC165}.
                   * Interface identification is specified in ERC-165.
                   */
                  function _supportsERC165Interface(address account, bytes4 interfaceId) private view returns (bool) {
                      // prepare call
                      bytes memory encodedParams = abi.encodeWithSelector(IERC165.supportsInterface.selector, interfaceId);
                      // perform static call
                      bool success;
                      uint256 returnSize;
                      uint256 returnValue;
                      assembly {
                          success := staticcall(30000, account, add(encodedParams, 0x20), mload(encodedParams), 0x00, 0x20)
                          returnSize := returndatasize()
                          returnValue := mload(0x00)
                      }
                      return success && returnSize >= 0x20 && returnValue > 0;
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import "../IERC20.sol";
              import "../extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol";
              import "../../../utils/Address.sol";
              /**
               * @title SafeERC20
               * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
               * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
               * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
               * successful.
               * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
               * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
               */
              library SafeERC20 {
                  using Address for address;
                  function safeTransfer(
                      IERC20 token,
                      address to,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal {
                      _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
                  }
                  function safeTransferFrom(
                      IERC20 token,
                      address from,
                      address to,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal {
                      _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
                   * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
                   *
                   * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
                   * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
                   */
                  function safeApprove(
                      IERC20 token,
                      address spender,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal {
                      // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
                      // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
                      // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
                      require(
                          (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
                          "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
                      );
                      _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
                  }
                  function safeIncreaseAllowance(
                      IERC20 token,
                      address spender,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal {
                      uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;
                      _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
                  }
                  function safeDecreaseAllowance(
                      IERC20 token,
                      address spender,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal {
                      unchecked {
                          uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
                          require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
                          uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;
                          _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
                      }
                  }
                  function safePermit(
                      IERC20Permit token,
                      address owner,
                      address spender,
                      uint256 value,
                      uint256 deadline,
                      uint8 v,
                      bytes32 r,
                      bytes32 s
                  ) internal {
                      uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);
                      token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
                      uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);
                      require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
                   * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
                   * @param token The token targeted by the call.
                   * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
                   */
                  function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
                      // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
                      // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address.functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
                      // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.
                      bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
                      if (returndata.length > 0) {
                          // Return data is optional
                          require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @title SafeCall
              /// @notice Perform low level safe calls
              library SafeCall {
                  /// @notice Performs a low level call without copying any returndata.
                  /// @dev Passes no calldata to the call context.
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _gas      Amount of gas to pass to the call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  function send(address _target, uint256 _gas, uint256 _value) internal returns (bool success_) {
                      assembly {
                          success_ :=
                              call(
                                  _gas, // gas
                                  _target, // recipient
                                  _value, // ether value
                                  0, // inloc
                                  0, // inlen
                                  0, // outloc
                                  0 // outlen
                              )
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call with all gas without copying any returndata
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  function send(address _target, uint256 _value) internal returns (bool success_) {
                      success_ = send(_target, gasleft(), _value);
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call without copying any returndata
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _gas      Amount of gas to pass to the call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  /// @param _calldata Calldata to pass to the call
                  function call(
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _gas,
                      uint256 _value,
                      bytes memory _calldata
                  )
                      internal
                      returns (bool success_)
                  {
                      assembly {
                          success_ :=
                              call(
                                  _gas, // gas
                                  _target, // recipient
                                  _value, // ether value
                                  add(_calldata, 32), // inloc
                                  mload(_calldata), // inlen
                                  0, // outloc
                                  0 // outlen
                              )
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call without copying any returndata
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  /// @param _calldata Calldata to pass to the call
                  function call(address _target, uint256 _value, bytes memory _calldata) internal returns (bool success_) {
                      success_ = call({ _target: _target, _gas: gasleft(), _value: _value, _calldata: _calldata });
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call without copying any returndata
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _calldata Calldata to pass to the call
                  function call(address _target, bytes memory _calldata) internal returns (bool success_) {
                      success_ = call({ _target: _target, _gas: gasleft(), _value: 0, _calldata: _calldata });
                  }
                  /// @notice Helper function to determine if there is sufficient gas remaining within the context
                  ///         to guarantee that the minimum gas requirement for a call will be met as well as
                  ///         optionally reserving a specified amount of gas for after the call has concluded.
                  /// @param _minGas      The minimum amount of gas that may be passed to the target context.
                  /// @param _reservedGas Optional amount of gas to reserve for the caller after the execution
                  ///                     of the target context.
                  /// @return `true` if there is enough gas remaining to safely supply `_minGas` to the target
                  ///         context as well as reserve `_reservedGas` for the caller after the execution of
                  ///         the target context.
                  /// @dev !!!!! FOOTGUN ALERT !!!!!
                  ///      1.) The 40_000 base buffer is to account for the worst case of the dynamic cost of the
                  ///          `CALL` opcode's `address_access_cost`, `positive_value_cost`, and
                  ///          `value_to_empty_account_cost` factors with an added buffer of 5,700 gas. It is
                  ///          still possible to self-rekt by initiating a withdrawal with a minimum gas limit
                  ///          that does not account for the `memory_expansion_cost` & `code_execution_cost`
                  ///          factors of the dynamic cost of the `CALL` opcode.
                  ///      2.) This function should *directly* precede the external call if possible. There is an
                  ///          added buffer to account for gas consumed between this check and the call, but it
                  ///          is only 5,700 gas.
                  ///      3.) Because EIP-150 ensures that a maximum of 63/64ths of the remaining gas in the call
                  ///          frame may be passed to a subcontext, we need to ensure that the gas will not be
                  ///          truncated.
                  ///      4.) Use wisely. This function is not a silver bullet.
                  function hasMinGas(uint256 _minGas, uint256 _reservedGas) internal view returns (bool) {
                      bool _hasMinGas;
                      assembly {
                          // Equation: gas × 63 ≥ minGas × 64 + 63(40_000 + reservedGas)
                          _hasMinGas := iszero(lt(mul(gas(), 63), add(mul(_minGas, 64), mul(add(40000, _reservedGas), 63))))
                      }
                      return _hasMinGas;
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call without copying any returndata. This function
                  ///         will revert if the call cannot be performed with the specified minimum
                  ///         gas.
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _minGas   The minimum amount of gas that may be passed to the call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  /// @param _calldata Calldata to pass to the call
                  function callWithMinGas(
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _minGas,
                      uint256 _value,
                      bytes memory _calldata
                  )
                      internal
                      returns (bool)
                  {
                      bool _success;
                      bool _hasMinGas = hasMinGas(_minGas, 0);
                      assembly {
                          // Assertion: gasleft() >= (_minGas * 64) / 63 + 40_000
                          if iszero(_hasMinGas) {
                              // Store the "Error(string)" selector in scratch space.
                              mstore(0, 0x08c379a0)
                              // Store the pointer to the string length in scratch space.
                              mstore(32, 32)
                              // Store the string.
                              //
                              // SAFETY:
                              // - We pad the beginning of the string with two zero bytes as well as the
                              // length (24) to ensure that we override the free memory pointer at offset
                              // 0x40. This is necessary because the free memory pointer is likely to
                              // be greater than 1 byte when this function is called, but it is incredibly
                              // unlikely that it will be greater than 3 bytes. As for the data within
                              // 0x60, it is ensured that it is 0 due to 0x60 being the zero offset.
                              // - It's fine to clobber the free memory pointer, we're reverting.
                              mstore(88, 0x0000185361666543616c6c3a204e6f7420656e6f75676820676173)
                              // Revert with 'Error("SafeCall: Not enough gas")'
                              revert(28, 100)
                          }
                          // The call will be supplied at least ((_minGas * 64) / 63) gas due to the
                          // above assertion. This ensures that, in all circumstances (except for when the
                          // `_minGas` does not account for the `memory_expansion_cost` and `code_execution_cost`
                          // factors of the dynamic cost of the `CALL` opcode), the call will receive at least
                          // the minimum amount of gas specified.
                          _success :=
                              call(
                                  gas(), // gas
                                  _target, // recipient
                                  _value, // ether value
                                  add(_calldata, 32), // inloc
                                  mload(_calldata), // inlen
                                  0x00, // outloc
                                  0x00 // outlen
                              )
                      }
                      return _success;
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @title EOA
              /// @notice A library for detecting if an address is an EOA.
              library EOA {
                  /// @notice Returns true if sender address is an EOA.
                  /// @return isEOA_ True if the sender address is an EOA.
                  function isSenderEOA() internal view returns (bool isEOA_) {
                      if (msg.sender == tx.origin) {
                          isEOA_ = true;
                      } else if (address(msg.sender).code.length == 23) {
                          // If the sender is not the origin, check for 7702 delegated EOAs.
                          assembly {
                              let ptr := mload(0x40)
                              mstore(0x40, add(ptr, 0x20))
                              extcodecopy(caller(), ptr, 0, 0x20)
                              isEOA_ := eq(shr(232, mload(ptr)), 0xEF0100)
                          }
                      } else {
                          // If more or less than 23 bytes of code, not a 7702 delegated EOA.
                          isEOA_ = false;
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
               */
              interface IERC20 {
                  /**
                   * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
                   * another (`to`).
                   *
                   * Note that `value` may be zero.
                   */
                  event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
                  /**
                   * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
                   * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
                   */
                  event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
                   */
                  function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
                   */
                  function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
                  /**
                   * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
                   *
                   * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                   *
                   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                   */
                  function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
                   * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
                   * zero by default.
                   *
                   * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
                   */
                  function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
                  /**
                   * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
                   *
                   * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
                   * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
                   * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
                   * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
                   * desired value afterwards:
                   * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
                   *
                   * Emits an {Approval} event.
                   */
                  function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
                  /**
                   * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
                   * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
                   * allowance.
                   *
                   * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
                   *
                   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
                   */
                  function transferFrom(
                      address from,
                      address to,
                      uint256 amount
                  ) external returns (bool);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import { IERC165 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";
              /// @title IOptimismMintableERC20
              /// @notice This interface is available on the OptimismMintableERC20 contract.
              ///         We declare it as a separate interface so that it can be used in
              ///         custom implementations of OptimismMintableERC20.
              interface IOptimismMintableERC20 is IERC165 {
                  function remoteToken() external view returns (address);
                  function bridge() external returns (address);
                  function mint(address _to, uint256 _amount) external;
                  function burn(address _from, uint256 _amount) external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import { IERC165 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";
              /// @custom:legacy
              /// @title ILegacyMintableERC20
              /// @notice This interface was available on the legacy L2StandardERC20 contract.
              ///         It remains available on the OptimismMintableERC20 contract for
              ///         backwards compatibility.
              interface ILegacyMintableERC20 is IERC165 {
                  function l1Token() external view returns (address);
                  function mint(address _to, uint256 _amount) external;
                  function burn(address _from, uint256 _amount) external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Address.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
              /**
               * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
               */
              library Address {
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
                   * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
                   *
                   * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
                   * types of addresses:
                   *
                   *  - an externally-owned account
                   *  - a contract in construction
                   *  - an address where a contract will be created
                   *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
                   * ====
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
                   *
                   * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
                   * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
                   * constructor.
                   * ====
                   */
                  function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                      // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
                      // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
                      // of the constructor execution.
                      return account.code.length > 0;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
                   * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
                   *
                   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
                   * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
                   * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
                   * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
                   *
                   * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
                   * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
                   * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
                   * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
                   */
                  function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                      require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                      (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
                      require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
                   * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
                   * function instead.
                   *
                   * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
                   * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
                   *
                   * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
                   * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - `target` must be a contract.
                   * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
                   * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
                   * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
                   * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a delegate call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.4._
                   */
                  function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a delegate call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.4._
                   */
                  function functionDelegateCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
                   * revert reason using the provided one.
                   *
                   * _Available since v4.3._
                   */
                  function verifyCallResult(
                      bool success,
                      bytes memory returndata,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                      if (success) {
                          return returndata;
                      } else {
                          // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                          if (returndata.length > 0) {
                              // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                              /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                              assembly {
                                  let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                                  revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                              }
                          } else {
                              revert(errorMessage);
                          }
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
               * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
               *
               * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
               * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
               *
               * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
               */
              interface IERC165 {
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
                   * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
                   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
                   * to learn more about how these ids are created.
                   *
                   * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
                   */
                  function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
               * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
               *
               * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
               * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
               * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
               */
              interface IERC20Permit {
                  /**
                   * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
                   * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
                   * ordering also apply here.
                   *
                   * Emits an {Approval} event.
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
                   * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
                   * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
                   * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
                   * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
                   *
                   * For more information on the signature format, see the
                   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
                   * section].
                   */
                  function permit(
                      address owner,
                      address spender,
                      uint256 value,
                      uint256 deadline,
                      uint8 v,
                      bytes32 r,
                      bytes32 s
                  ) external;
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
                   * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
                   *
                   * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
                   * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
                   */
                  function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
                   */
                  // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
                  function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
              }
              

              File 2 of 2: L1CrossDomainMessenger
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity 0.8.15;
              // Contracts
              import { CrossDomainMessenger } from "src/universal/CrossDomainMessenger.sol";
              // Libraries
              import { Predeploys } from "src/libraries/Predeploys.sol";
              // Interfaces
              import { ISemver } from "interfaces/universal/ISemver.sol";
              import { ISuperchainConfig } from "interfaces/L1/ISuperchainConfig.sol";
              import { IOptimismPortal2 as IOptimismPortal } from "interfaces/L1/IOptimismPortal2.sol";
              /// @custom:proxied true
              /// @title L1CrossDomainMessenger
              /// @notice The L1CrossDomainMessenger is a message passing interface between L1 and L2 responsible
              ///         for sending and receiving data on the L1 side. Users are encouraged to use this
              ///         interface instead of interacting with lower-level contracts directly.
              contract L1CrossDomainMessenger is CrossDomainMessenger, ISemver {
                  /// @notice Contract of the SuperchainConfig.
                  ISuperchainConfig public superchainConfig;
                  /// @notice Contract of the OptimismPortal.
                  /// @custom:network-specific
                  IOptimismPortal public portal;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer systemConfig
                  /// @notice Spacer taking up the legacy `systemConfig` slot.
                  address private spacer_253_0_20;
                  /// @notice Semantic version.
                  /// @custom:semver 2.6.0
                  string public constant version = "2.6.0";
                  /// @notice Constructs the L1CrossDomainMessenger contract.
                  constructor() {
                      _disableInitializers();
                  }
                  /// @notice Initializes the contract.
                  /// @param _superchainConfig Contract of the SuperchainConfig contract on this network.
                  /// @param _portal Contract of the OptimismPortal contract on this network.
                  function initialize(ISuperchainConfig _superchainConfig, IOptimismPortal _portal) external initializer {
                      superchainConfig = _superchainConfig;
                      portal = _portal;
                      __CrossDomainMessenger_init({ _otherMessenger: CrossDomainMessenger(Predeploys.L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) });
                  }
                  /// @notice Getter function for the OptimismPortal contract on this chain.
                  ///         Public getter is legacy and will be removed in the future. Use `portal()` instead.
                  /// @return Contract of the OptimismPortal on this chain.
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  function PORTAL() external view returns (IOptimismPortal) {
                      return portal;
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc CrossDomainMessenger
                  function _sendMessage(address _to, uint64 _gasLimit, uint256 _value, bytes memory _data) internal override {
                      portal.depositTransaction{ value: _value }({
                          _to: _to,
                          _value: _value,
                          _gasLimit: _gasLimit,
                          _isCreation: false,
                          _data: _data
                      });
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc CrossDomainMessenger
                  function _isOtherMessenger() internal view override returns (bool) {
                      return msg.sender == address(portal) && portal.l2Sender() == address(otherMessenger);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc CrossDomainMessenger
                  function _isUnsafeTarget(address _target) internal view override returns (bool) {
                      return _target == address(this) || _target == address(portal);
                  }
                  /// @inheritdoc CrossDomainMessenger
                  function paused() public view override returns (bool) {
                      return superchainConfig.paused();
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity 0.8.15;
              // Libraries
              import { Initializable } from "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
              import { Math } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";
              import { SafeCall } from "src/libraries/SafeCall.sol";
              import { Hashing } from "src/libraries/Hashing.sol";
              import { Encoding } from "src/libraries/Encoding.sol";
              import { Constants } from "src/libraries/Constants.sol";
              /// @custom:legacy
              /// @title CrossDomainMessengerLegacySpacer0
              /// @notice Contract only exists to add a spacer to the CrossDomainMessenger where the
              ///         libAddressManager variable used to exist. Must be the first contract in the inheritance
              ///         tree of the CrossDomainMessenger.
              contract CrossDomainMessengerLegacySpacer0 {
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer libAddressManager
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility.
                  address private spacer_0_0_20;
              }
              /// @custom:legacy
              /// @title CrossDomainMessengerLegacySpacer1
              /// @notice Contract only exists to add a spacer to the CrossDomainMessenger where the
              ///         PausableUpgradable and OwnableUpgradeable variables used to exist. Must be
              ///         the third contract in the inheritance tree of the CrossDomainMessenger.
              contract CrossDomainMessengerLegacySpacer1 {
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer ContextUpgradable's __gap
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility. Comes from OpenZeppelin
                  ///         ContextUpgradable.
                  uint256[50] private spacer_1_0_1600;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer OwnableUpgradeable's _owner
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility.
                  ///         Come from OpenZeppelin OwnableUpgradeable.
                  address private spacer_51_0_20;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer OwnableUpgradeable's __gap
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility. Comes from OpenZeppelin
                  ///         OwnableUpgradeable.
                  uint256[49] private spacer_52_0_1568;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer PausableUpgradable's _paused
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility. Comes from OpenZeppelin
                  ///         PausableUpgradable.
                  bool private spacer_101_0_1;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer PausableUpgradable's __gap
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility. Comes from OpenZeppelin
                  ///         PausableUpgradable.
                  uint256[49] private spacer_102_0_1568;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer ReentrancyGuardUpgradeable's `_status` field.
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility.
                  uint256 private spacer_151_0_32;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer ReentrancyGuardUpgradeable's __gap
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility.
                  uint256[49] private spacer_152_0_1568;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer blockedMessages
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility.
                  mapping(bytes32 => bool) private spacer_201_0_32;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @custom:spacer relayedMessages
                  /// @notice Spacer for backwards compatibility.
                  mapping(bytes32 => bool) private spacer_202_0_32;
              }
              /// @custom:upgradeable
              /// @title CrossDomainMessenger
              /// @notice CrossDomainMessenger is a base contract that provides the core logic for the L1 and L2
              ///         cross-chain messenger contracts. It's designed to be a universal interface that only
              ///         needs to be extended slightly to provide low-level message passing functionality on each
              ///         chain it's deployed on. Currently only designed for message passing between two paired
              ///         chains and does not support one-to-many interactions.
              ///         Any changes to this contract MUST result in a semver bump for contracts that inherit it.
              abstract contract CrossDomainMessenger is
                  CrossDomainMessengerLegacySpacer0,
                  Initializable,
                  CrossDomainMessengerLegacySpacer1
              {
                  /// @notice Current message version identifier.
                  uint16 public constant MESSAGE_VERSION = 1;
                  /// @notice Constant overhead added to the base gas for a message.
                  uint64 public constant RELAY_CONSTANT_OVERHEAD = 200_000;
                  /// @notice Numerator for dynamic overhead added to the base gas for a message.
                  uint64 public constant MIN_GAS_DYNAMIC_OVERHEAD_NUMERATOR = 64;
                  /// @notice Denominator for dynamic overhead added to the base gas for a message.
                  uint64 public constant MIN_GAS_DYNAMIC_OVERHEAD_DENOMINATOR = 63;
                  /// @notice Extra gas added to base gas for each byte of calldata in a message.
                  uint64 public constant MIN_GAS_CALLDATA_OVERHEAD = 16;
                  /// @notice Gas reserved for performing the external call in `relayMessage`.
                  uint64 public constant RELAY_CALL_OVERHEAD = 40_000;
                  /// @notice Gas reserved for finalizing the execution of `relayMessage` after the safe call.
                  uint64 public constant RELAY_RESERVED_GAS = 40_000;
                  /// @notice Gas reserved for the execution between the `hasMinGas` check and the external
                  ///         call in `relayMessage`.
                  uint64 public constant RELAY_GAS_CHECK_BUFFER = 5_000;
                  /// @notice Base gas required for any transaction in the EVM.
                  uint64 public constant TX_BASE_GAS = 21_000;
                  /// @notice Floor overhead per byte of non-zero calldata in a message. Calldata floor was
                  ///         introduced in EIP-7623.
                  uint64 public constant FLOOR_CALLDATA_OVERHEAD = 40;
                  /// @notice Overhead added to the internal message data when the full call to relayMessage is
                  ///         ABI encoded. This is a constant value that is specific to the V1 message encoding
                  ///         scheme. 260 is an upper bound, actual overhead can be as low as 228 bytes for an
                  ///         empty message.
                  uint64 public constant ENCODING_OVERHEAD = 260;
                  /// @notice Mapping of message hashes to boolean receipt values. Note that a message will only
                  ///         be present in this mapping if it has successfully been relayed on this chain, and
                  ///         can therefore not be relayed again.
                  mapping(bytes32 => bool) public successfulMessages;
                  /// @notice Address of the sender of the currently executing message on the other chain. If the
                  ///         value of this variable is the default value (0x00000000...dead) then no message is
                  ///         currently being executed. Use the xDomainMessageSender getter which will throw an
                  ///         error if this is the case.
                  address internal xDomainMsgSender;
                  /// @notice Nonce for the next message to be sent, without the message version applied. Use the
                  ///         messageNonce getter which will insert the message version into the nonce to give you
                  ///         the actual nonce to be used for the message.
                  uint240 internal msgNonce;
                  /// @notice Mapping of message hashes to a boolean if and only if the message has failed to be
                  ///         executed at least once. A message will not be present in this mapping if it
                  ///         successfully executed on the first attempt.
                  mapping(bytes32 => bool) public failedMessages;
                  /// @notice CrossDomainMessenger contract on the other chain.
                  /// @custom:network-specific
                  CrossDomainMessenger public otherMessenger;
                  /// @notice Reserve extra slots in the storage layout for future upgrades.
                  ///         A gap size of 43 was chosen here, so that the first slot used in a child contract
                  ///         would be 1 plus a multiple of 50.
                  uint256[43] private __gap;
                  /// @notice Emitted whenever a message is sent to the other chain.
                  /// @param target       Address of the recipient of the message.
                  /// @param sender       Address of the sender of the message.
                  /// @param message      Message to trigger the recipient address with.
                  /// @param messageNonce Unique nonce attached to the message.
                  /// @param gasLimit     Minimum gas limit that the message can be executed with.
                  event SentMessage(address indexed target, address sender, bytes message, uint256 messageNonce, uint256 gasLimit);
                  /// @notice Additional event data to emit, required as of Bedrock. Cannot be merged with the
                  ///         SentMessage event without breaking the ABI of this contract, this is good enough.
                  /// @param sender Address of the sender of the message.
                  /// @param value  ETH value sent along with the message to the recipient.
                  event SentMessageExtension1(address indexed sender, uint256 value);
                  /// @notice Emitted whenever a message is successfully relayed on this chain.
                  /// @param msgHash Hash of the message that was relayed.
                  event RelayedMessage(bytes32 indexed msgHash);
                  /// @notice Emitted whenever a message fails to be relayed on this chain.
                  /// @param msgHash Hash of the message that failed to be relayed.
                  event FailedRelayedMessage(bytes32 indexed msgHash);
                  /// @notice Sends a message to some target address on the other chain. Note that if the call
                  ///         always reverts, then the message will be unrelayable, and any ETH sent will be
                  ///         permanently locked. The same will occur if the target on the other chain is
                  ///         considered unsafe (see the _isUnsafeTarget() function).
                  /// @param _target      Target contract or wallet address.
                  /// @param _message     Message to trigger the target address with.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum gas limit that the message can be executed with.
                  function sendMessage(address _target, bytes calldata _message, uint32 _minGasLimit) external payable {
                      // Triggers a message to the other messenger. Note that the amount of gas provided to the
                      // message is the amount of gas requested by the user PLUS the base gas value. We want to
                      // guarantee the property that the call to the target contract will always have at least
                      // the minimum gas limit specified by the user.
                      _sendMessage({
                          _to: address(otherMessenger),
                          _gasLimit: baseGas(_message, _minGasLimit),
                          _value: msg.value,
                          _data: abi.encodeWithSelector(
                              this.relayMessage.selector, messageNonce(), msg.sender, _target, msg.value, _minGasLimit, _message
                          )
                      });
                      emit SentMessage(_target, msg.sender, _message, messageNonce(), _minGasLimit);
                      emit SentMessageExtension1(msg.sender, msg.value);
                      unchecked {
                          ++msgNonce;
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Relays a message that was sent by the other CrossDomainMessenger contract. Can only
                  ///         be executed via cross-chain call from the other messenger OR if the message was
                  ///         already received once and is currently being replayed.
                  /// @param _nonce       Nonce of the message being relayed.
                  /// @param _sender      Address of the user who sent the message.
                  /// @param _target      Address that the message is targeted at.
                  /// @param _value       ETH value to send with the message.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum amount of gas that the message can be executed with.
                  /// @param _message     Message to send to the target.
                  function relayMessage(
                      uint256 _nonce,
                      address _sender,
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _value,
                      uint256 _minGasLimit,
                      bytes calldata _message
                  )
                      external
                      payable
                  {
                      // On L1 this function will check the Portal for its paused status.
                      // On L2 this function should be a no-op, because paused will always return false.
                      require(paused() == false, "CrossDomainMessenger: paused");
                      (, uint16 version) = Encoding.decodeVersionedNonce(_nonce);
                      require(version < 2, "CrossDomainMessenger: only version 0 or 1 messages are supported at this time");
                      // If the message is version 0, then it's a migrated legacy withdrawal. We therefore need
                      // to check that the legacy version of the message has not already been relayed.
                      if (version == 0) {
                          bytes32 oldHash = Hashing.hashCrossDomainMessageV0(_target, _sender, _message, _nonce);
                          require(successfulMessages[oldHash] == false, "CrossDomainMessenger: legacy withdrawal already relayed");
                      }
                      // We use the v1 message hash as the unique identifier for the message because it commits
                      // to the value and minimum gas limit of the message.
                      bytes32 versionedHash =
                          Hashing.hashCrossDomainMessageV1(_nonce, _sender, _target, _value, _minGasLimit, _message);
                      if (_isOtherMessenger()) {
                          // These properties should always hold when the message is first submitted (as
                          // opposed to being replayed).
                          assert(msg.value == _value);
                          assert(!failedMessages[versionedHash]);
                      } else {
                          require(msg.value == 0, "CrossDomainMessenger: value must be zero unless message is from a system address");
                          require(failedMessages[versionedHash], "CrossDomainMessenger: message cannot be replayed");
                      }
                      require(
                          _isUnsafeTarget(_target) == false, "CrossDomainMessenger: cannot send message to blocked system address"
                      );
                      require(successfulMessages[versionedHash] == false, "CrossDomainMessenger: message has already been relayed");
                      // If there is not enough gas left to perform the external call and finish the execution,
                      // return early and assign the message to the failedMessages mapping.
                      // We are asserting that we have enough gas to:
                      // 1. Call the target contract (_minGasLimit + RELAY_CALL_OVERHEAD + RELAY_GAS_CHECK_BUFFER)
                      //   1.a. The RELAY_CALL_OVERHEAD is included in `hasMinGas`.
                      // 2. Finish the execution after the external call (RELAY_RESERVED_GAS).
                      //
                      // If `xDomainMsgSender` is not the default L2 sender, this function
                      // is being re-entered. This marks the message as failed to allow it to be replayed.
                      if (
                          !SafeCall.hasMinGas(_minGasLimit, RELAY_RESERVED_GAS + RELAY_GAS_CHECK_BUFFER)
                              || xDomainMsgSender != Constants.DEFAULT_L2_SENDER
                      ) {
                          failedMessages[versionedHash] = true;
                          emit FailedRelayedMessage(versionedHash);
                          // Revert in this case if the transaction was triggered by the estimation address. This
                          // should only be possible during gas estimation or we have bigger problems. Reverting
                          // here will make the behavior of gas estimation change such that the gas limit
                          // computed will be the amount required to relay the message, even if that amount is
                          // greater than the minimum gas limit specified by the user.
                          if (tx.origin == Constants.ESTIMATION_ADDRESS) {
                              revert("CrossDomainMessenger: failed to relay message");
                          }
                          return;
                      }
                      xDomainMsgSender = _sender;
                      bool success = SafeCall.call(_target, gasleft() - RELAY_RESERVED_GAS, _value, _message);
                      xDomainMsgSender = Constants.DEFAULT_L2_SENDER;
                      if (success) {
                          // This check is identical to one above, but it ensures that the same message cannot be relayed
                          // twice, and adds a layer of protection against rentrancy.
                          assert(successfulMessages[versionedHash] == false);
                          successfulMessages[versionedHash] = true;
                          emit RelayedMessage(versionedHash);
                      } else {
                          failedMessages[versionedHash] = true;
                          emit FailedRelayedMessage(versionedHash);
                          // Revert in this case if the transaction was triggered by the estimation address. This
                          // should only be possible during gas estimation or we have bigger problems. Reverting
                          // here will make the behavior of gas estimation change such that the gas limit
                          // computed will be the amount required to relay the message, even if that amount is
                          // greater than the minimum gas limit specified by the user.
                          if (tx.origin == Constants.ESTIMATION_ADDRESS) {
                              revert("CrossDomainMessenger: failed to relay message");
                          }
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Retrieves the address of the contract or wallet that initiated the currently
                  ///         executing message on the other chain. Will throw an error if there is no message
                  ///         currently being executed. Allows the recipient of a call to see who triggered it.
                  /// @return Address of the sender of the currently executing message on the other chain.
                  function xDomainMessageSender() external view returns (address) {
                      require(
                          xDomainMsgSender != Constants.DEFAULT_L2_SENDER, "CrossDomainMessenger: xDomainMessageSender is not set"
                      );
                      return xDomainMsgSender;
                  }
                  /// @notice Retrieves the address of the paired CrossDomainMessenger contract on the other chain
                  ///         Public getter is legacy and will be removed in the future. Use `otherMessenger()` instead.
                  /// @return CrossDomainMessenger contract on the other chain.
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  function OTHER_MESSENGER() public view returns (CrossDomainMessenger) {
                      return otherMessenger;
                  }
                  /// @notice Retrieves the next message nonce. Message version will be added to the upper two
                  ///         bytes of the message nonce. Message version allows us to treat messages as having
                  ///         different structures.
                  /// @return Nonce of the next message to be sent, with added message version.
                  function messageNonce() public view returns (uint256) {
                      return Encoding.encodeVersionedNonce(msgNonce, MESSAGE_VERSION);
                  }
                  /// @notice Computes the amount of gas required to guarantee that a given message will be
                  ///         received on the other chain without running out of gas. Guaranteeing that a message
                  ///         will not run out of gas is important because this ensures that a message can always
                  ///         be replayed on the other chain if it fails to execute completely.
                  /// @param _message     Message to compute the amount of required gas for.
                  /// @param _minGasLimit Minimum desired gas limit when message goes to target.
                  /// @return Amount of gas required to guarantee message receipt.
                  function baseGas(bytes memory _message, uint32 _minGasLimit) public pure returns (uint64) {
                      // Base gas should really be computed on the fully encoded message but that would break the
                      // expected API, so we instead just add the encoding overhead to the message length inside
                      // of this function.
                      // We need a minimum amount of execution gas to ensure that the message will be received on
                      // the other side without running out of gas (stored within the failedMessages mapping).
                      // If we get beyond the hasMinGas check, then we *must* supply more than minGasLimit to
                      // the external call.
                      uint64 executionGas = uint64(
                          // Constant costs for relayMessage
                          RELAY_CONSTANT_OVERHEAD
                          // Covers dynamic parts of the CALL opcode
                          + RELAY_CALL_OVERHEAD
                          // Ensures execution of relayMessage completes after call
                          + RELAY_RESERVED_GAS
                          // Buffer between hasMinGas check and the CALL
                          + RELAY_GAS_CHECK_BUFFER
                          // Minimum gas limit, multiplied by 64/63 to account for EIP-150.
                          + ((_minGasLimit * MIN_GAS_DYNAMIC_OVERHEAD_NUMERATOR) / MIN_GAS_DYNAMIC_OVERHEAD_DENOMINATOR)
                      );
                      // Total message size is the result of properly ABI encoding the call to relayMessage.
                      // Since we only get the message data and not the rest of the calldata, we use the
                      // ENCODING_OVERHEAD constant to conservatively account for the remaining bytes.
                      uint64 totalMessageSize = uint64(_message.length + ENCODING_OVERHEAD);
                      // Finally, replicate the transaction cost formula as defined after EIP-7623. This is
                      // mostly relevant in the L1 -> L2 case because we need to be able to cover the intrinsic
                      // cost of the message but it doesn't hurt in the L2 -> L1 case. After EIP-7623, the cost
                      // of a transaction is floored by its calldata size. We don't need to account for the
                      // contract creation case because this is always a call to relayMessage.
                      return TX_BASE_GAS
                          + uint64(
                              Math.max(
                                  executionGas + (totalMessageSize * MIN_GAS_CALLDATA_OVERHEAD),
                                  (totalMessageSize * FLOOR_CALLDATA_OVERHEAD)
                              )
                          );
                  }
                  /// @notice Initializer.
                  /// @param _otherMessenger CrossDomainMessenger contract on the other chain.
                  function __CrossDomainMessenger_init(CrossDomainMessenger _otherMessenger) internal onlyInitializing {
                      // We only want to set the xDomainMsgSender to the default value if it hasn't been initialized yet,
                      // meaning that this is a fresh contract deployment.
                      // This prevents resetting the xDomainMsgSender to the default value during an upgrade, which would enable
                      // a reentrant withdrawal to sandwhich the upgrade replay a withdrawal twice.
                      if (xDomainMsgSender == address(0)) {
                          xDomainMsgSender = Constants.DEFAULT_L2_SENDER;
                      }
                      otherMessenger = _otherMessenger;
                  }
                  /// @notice Sends a low-level message to the other messenger. Needs to be implemented by child
                  ///         contracts because the logic for this depends on the network where the messenger is
                  ///         being deployed.
                  /// @param _to       Recipient of the message on the other chain.
                  /// @param _gasLimit Minimum gas limit the message can be executed with.
                  /// @param _value    Amount of ETH to send with the message.
                  /// @param _data     Message data.
                  function _sendMessage(address _to, uint64 _gasLimit, uint256 _value, bytes memory _data) internal virtual;
                  /// @notice Checks whether the message is coming from the other messenger. Implemented by child
                  ///         contracts because the logic for this depends on the network where the messenger is
                  ///         being deployed.
                  /// @return Whether the message is coming from the other messenger.
                  function _isOtherMessenger() internal view virtual returns (bool);
                  /// @notice Checks whether a given call target is a system address that could cause the
                  ///         messenger to peform an unsafe action. This is NOT a mechanism for blocking user
                  ///         addresses. This is ONLY used to prevent the execution of messages to specific
                  ///         system addresses that could cause security issues, e.g., having the
                  ///         CrossDomainMessenger send messages to itself.
                  /// @param _target Address of the contract to check.
                  /// @return Whether or not the address is an unsafe system address.
                  function _isUnsafeTarget(address _target) internal view virtual returns (bool);
                  /// @notice This function should return true if the contract is paused.
                  ///         On L1 this function will check the SuperchainConfig for its paused status.
                  ///         On L2 this function should be a no-op.
                  /// @return Whether or not the contract is paused.
                  function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
                      return false;
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @title Predeploys
              /// @notice Contains constant addresses for protocol contracts that are pre-deployed to the L2 system.
              //          This excludes the preinstalls (non-protocol contracts).
              library Predeploys {
                  /// @notice Number of predeploy-namespace addresses reserved for protocol usage.
                  uint256 internal constant PREDEPLOY_COUNT = 2048;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the LegacyMessagePasser predeploy. Deprecate. Use the updated
                  ///         L2ToL1MessagePasser contract instead.
                  address internal constant LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000000;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the L1MessageSender predeploy. Deprecated. Use L2CrossDomainMessenger
                  ///         or access tx.origin (or msg.sender) in a L1 to L2 transaction instead.
                  ///         Not embedded into new OP-Stack chains.
                  address internal constant L1_MESSAGE_SENDER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000001;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the DeployerWhitelist predeploy. No longer active.
                  address internal constant DEPLOYER_WHITELIST = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000002;
                  /// @notice Address of the canonical WETH contract.
                  address internal constant WETH = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2CrossDomainMessenger predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000007;
                  /// @notice Address of the GasPriceOracle predeploy. Includes fee information
                  ///         and helpers for computing the L1 portion of the transaction fee.
                  address internal constant GAS_PRICE_ORACLE = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2StandardBridge predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000010;
                  //// @notice Address of the SequencerFeeWallet predeploy.
                  address internal constant SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000011;
                  /// @notice Address of the OptimismMintableERC20Factory predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000012;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the L1BlockNumber predeploy. Deprecated. Use the L1Block predeploy
                  ///         instead, which exposes more information about the L1 state.
                  address internal constant L1_BLOCK_NUMBER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000013;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2ERC721Bridge predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_ERC721_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000014;
                  /// @notice Address of the L1Block predeploy.
                  address internal constant L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000015;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2ToL1MessagePasser predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000016;
                  /// @notice Address of the OptimismMintableERC721Factory predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000017;
                  /// @notice Address of the ProxyAdmin predeploy.
                  address internal constant PROXY_ADMIN = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000018;
                  /// @notice Address of the BaseFeeVault predeploy.
                  address internal constant BASE_FEE_VAULT = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000019;
                  /// @notice Address of the L1FeeVault predeploy.
                  address internal constant L1_FEE_VAULT = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000001A;
                  /// @notice Address of the OperatorFeeVault predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT = 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000001b;
                  /// @notice Address of the SchemaRegistry predeploy.
                  address internal constant SCHEMA_REGISTRY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000020;
                  /// @notice Address of the EAS predeploy.
                  address internal constant EAS = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000021;
                  /// @notice Address of the GovernanceToken predeploy.
                  address internal constant GOVERNANCE_TOKEN = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000042;
                  /// @custom:legacy
                  /// @notice Address of the LegacyERC20ETH predeploy. Deprecated. Balances are migrated to the
                  ///         state trie as of the Bedrock upgrade. Contract has been locked and write functions
                  ///         can no longer be accessed.
                  address internal constant LEGACY_ERC20_ETH = 0xDeadDeAddeAddEAddeadDEaDDEAdDeaDDeAD0000;
                  /// @notice Address of the CrossL2Inbox predeploy.
                  address internal constant CROSS_L2_INBOX = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000022;
                  /// @notice Address of the L2ToL2CrossDomainMessenger predeploy.
                  address internal constant L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000023;
                  /// @notice Address of the SuperchainWETH predeploy.
                  address internal constant SUPERCHAIN_WETH = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000024;
                  /// @notice Address of the ETHLiquidity predeploy.
                  address internal constant ETH_LIQUIDITY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000025;
                  /// @notice Address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20Factory predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_FACTORY = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000026;
                  /// @notice Address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20Beacon predeploy.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_BEACON = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000027;
                  // TODO: Precalculate the address of the implementation contract
                  /// @notice Arbitrary address of the OptimismSuperchainERC20 implementation contract.
                  address internal constant OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20 = 0xB9415c6cA93bdC545D4c5177512FCC22EFa38F28;
                  /// @notice Address of the SuperchainTokenBridge predeploy.
                  address internal constant SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE = 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000028;
                  /// @notice Returns the name of the predeploy at the given address.
                  function getName(address _addr) internal pure returns (string memory out_) {
                      require(isPredeployNamespace(_addr), "Predeploys: address must be a predeploy");
                      if (_addr == LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER) return "LegacyMessagePasser";
                      if (_addr == L1_MESSAGE_SENDER) return "L1MessageSender";
                      if (_addr == DEPLOYER_WHITELIST) return "DeployerWhitelist";
                      if (_addr == WETH) return "WETH";
                      if (_addr == L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) return "L2CrossDomainMessenger";
                      if (_addr == GAS_PRICE_ORACLE) return "GasPriceOracle";
                      if (_addr == L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE) return "L2StandardBridge";
                      if (_addr == SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET) return "SequencerFeeVault";
                      if (_addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY) return "OptimismMintableERC20Factory";
                      if (_addr == L1_BLOCK_NUMBER) return "L1BlockNumber";
                      if (_addr == L2_ERC721_BRIDGE) return "L2ERC721Bridge";
                      if (_addr == L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES) return "L1Block";
                      if (_addr == L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER) return "L2ToL1MessagePasser";
                      if (_addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY) return "OptimismMintableERC721Factory";
                      if (_addr == PROXY_ADMIN) return "ProxyAdmin";
                      if (_addr == BASE_FEE_VAULT) return "BaseFeeVault";
                      if (_addr == L1_FEE_VAULT) return "L1FeeVault";
                      if (_addr == OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT) return "OperatorFeeVault";
                      if (_addr == SCHEMA_REGISTRY) return "SchemaRegistry";
                      if (_addr == EAS) return "EAS";
                      if (_addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN) return "GovernanceToken";
                      if (_addr == LEGACY_ERC20_ETH) return "LegacyERC20ETH";
                      if (_addr == CROSS_L2_INBOX) return "CrossL2Inbox";
                      if (_addr == L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) return "L2ToL2CrossDomainMessenger";
                      if (_addr == SUPERCHAIN_WETH) return "SuperchainWETH";
                      if (_addr == ETH_LIQUIDITY) return "ETHLiquidity";
                      if (_addr == OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_FACTORY) return "OptimismSuperchainERC20Factory";
                      if (_addr == OPTIMISM_SUPERCHAIN_ERC20_BEACON) return "OptimismSuperchainERC20Beacon";
                      if (_addr == SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE) return "SuperchainTokenBridge";
                      revert("Predeploys: unnamed predeploy");
                  }
                  /// @notice Returns true if the predeploy is not proxied.
                  function notProxied(address _addr) internal pure returns (bool) {
                      return _addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN || _addr == WETH;
                  }
                  /// @notice Returns true if the address is a defined predeploy that is embedded into new OP-Stack chains.
                  function isSupportedPredeploy(address _addr, bool _useInterop) internal pure returns (bool) {
                      return _addr == LEGACY_MESSAGE_PASSER || _addr == DEPLOYER_WHITELIST || _addr == WETH
                          || _addr == L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER || _addr == GAS_PRICE_ORACLE || _addr == L2_STANDARD_BRIDGE
                          || _addr == SEQUENCER_FEE_WALLET || _addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY || _addr == L1_BLOCK_NUMBER
                          || _addr == L2_ERC721_BRIDGE || _addr == L1_BLOCK_ATTRIBUTES || _addr == L2_TO_L1_MESSAGE_PASSER
                          || _addr == OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC721_FACTORY || _addr == PROXY_ADMIN || _addr == BASE_FEE_VAULT
                          || _addr == L1_FEE_VAULT || _addr == OPERATOR_FEE_VAULT || _addr == SCHEMA_REGISTRY || _addr == EAS
                          || _addr == GOVERNANCE_TOKEN || (_useInterop && _addr == CROSS_L2_INBOX)
                          || (_useInterop && _addr == L2_TO_L2_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER) || (_useInterop && _addr == SUPERCHAIN_WETH)
                          || (_useInterop && _addr == ETH_LIQUIDITY) || (_useInterop && _addr == SUPERCHAIN_TOKEN_BRIDGE);
                  }
                  function isPredeployNamespace(address _addr) internal pure returns (bool) {
                      return uint160(_addr) >> 11 == uint160(0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000000) >> 11;
                  }
                  /// @notice Function to compute the expected address of the predeploy implementation
                  ///         in the genesis state.
                  function predeployToCodeNamespace(address _addr) internal pure returns (address) {
                      require(
                          isPredeployNamespace(_addr), "Predeploys: can only derive code-namespace address for predeploy addresses"
                      );
                      return address(
                          uint160(uint256(uint160(_addr)) & 0xffff | uint256(uint160(0xc0D3C0d3C0d3C0D3c0d3C0d3c0D3C0d3c0d30000)))
                      );
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @title ISemver
              /// @notice ISemver is a simple contract for ensuring that contracts are
              ///         versioned using semantic versioning.
              interface ISemver {
                  /// @notice Getter for the semantic version of the contract. This is not
                  ///         meant to be used onchain but instead meant to be used by offchain
                  ///         tooling.
                  /// @return Semver contract version as a string.
                  function version() external view returns (string memory);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              interface ISuperchainConfig {
                  enum UpdateType {
                      GUARDIAN
                  }
                  event ConfigUpdate(UpdateType indexed updateType, bytes data);
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  event Paused(string identifier);
                  event Unpaused();
                  function GUARDIAN_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function PAUSED_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function guardian() external view returns (address guardian_);
                  function initialize(address _guardian, bool _paused) external;
                  function pause(string memory _identifier) external;
                  function paused() external view returns (bool paused_);
                  function unpause() external;
                  function version() external view returns (string memory);
                  function __constructor__() external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import { Types } from "src/libraries/Types.sol";
              import { GameType, Timestamp } from "src/dispute/lib/LibUDT.sol";
              import { IDisputeGame } from "interfaces/dispute/IDisputeGame.sol";
              import { IDisputeGameFactory } from "interfaces/dispute/IDisputeGameFactory.sol";
              import { ISystemConfig } from "interfaces/L1/ISystemConfig.sol";
              import { ISuperchainConfig } from "interfaces/L1/ISuperchainConfig.sol";
              interface IOptimismPortal2 {
                  error AlreadyFinalized();
                  error BadTarget();
                  error Blacklisted();
                  error CallPaused();
                  error ContentLengthMismatch();
                  error EmptyItem();
                  error GasEstimation();
                  error InvalidDataRemainder();
                  error InvalidDisputeGame();
                  error InvalidGameType();
                  error InvalidHeader();
                  error InvalidMerkleProof();
                  error InvalidProof();
                  error LargeCalldata();
                  error NonReentrant();
                  error OutOfGas();
                  error ProposalNotValidated();
                  error SmallGasLimit();
                  error Unauthorized();
                  error UnexpectedList();
                  error UnexpectedString();
                  error Unproven();
                  error LegacyGame();
                  event DisputeGameBlacklisted(IDisputeGame indexed disputeGame);
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  event RespectedGameTypeSet(GameType indexed newGameType, Timestamp indexed updatedAt);
                  event TransactionDeposited(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed version, bytes opaqueData);
                  event WithdrawalFinalized(bytes32 indexed withdrawalHash, bool success);
                  event WithdrawalProven(bytes32 indexed withdrawalHash, address indexed from, address indexed to);
                  event WithdrawalProvenExtension1(bytes32 indexed withdrawalHash, address indexed proofSubmitter);
                  receive() external payable;
                  function blacklistDisputeGame(IDisputeGame _disputeGame) external;
                  function checkWithdrawal(bytes32 _withdrawalHash, address _proofSubmitter) external view;
                  function depositTransaction(
                      address _to,
                      uint256 _value,
                      uint64 _gasLimit,
                      bool _isCreation,
                      bytes memory _data
                  )
                      external
                      payable;
                  function disputeGameBlacklist(IDisputeGame) external view returns (bool);
                  function disputeGameFactory() external view returns (IDisputeGameFactory);
                  function disputeGameFinalityDelaySeconds() external view returns (uint256);
                  function donateETH() external payable;
                  function finalizeWithdrawalTransaction(Types.WithdrawalTransaction memory _tx) external;
                  function finalizeWithdrawalTransactionExternalProof(
                      Types.WithdrawalTransaction memory _tx,
                      address _proofSubmitter
                  )
                      external;
                  function finalizedWithdrawals(bytes32) external view returns (bool);
                  function guardian() external view returns (address);
                  function initialize(
                      IDisputeGameFactory _disputeGameFactory,
                      ISystemConfig _systemConfig,
                      ISuperchainConfig _superchainConfig,
                      GameType _initialRespectedGameType
                  )
                      external;
                  function l2Sender() external view returns (address);
                  function minimumGasLimit(uint64 _byteCount) external pure returns (uint64);
                  function numProofSubmitters(bytes32 _withdrawalHash) external view returns (uint256);
                  function params() external view returns (uint128 prevBaseFee, uint64 prevBoughtGas, uint64 prevBlockNum); // nosemgrep
                  function paused() external view returns (bool);
                  function proofMaturityDelaySeconds() external view returns (uint256);
                  function proofSubmitters(bytes32, uint256) external view returns (address);
                  function proveWithdrawalTransaction(
                      Types.WithdrawalTransaction memory _tx,
                      uint256 _disputeGameIndex,
                      Types.OutputRootProof memory _outputRootProof,
                      bytes[] memory _withdrawalProof
                  )
                      external;
                  function provenWithdrawals(
                      bytes32,
                      address
                  )
                      external
                      view
                      returns (IDisputeGame disputeGameProxy, uint64 timestamp); // nosemgrep
                  function respectedGameType() external view returns (GameType);
                  function respectedGameTypeUpdatedAt() external view returns (uint64);
                  function setRespectedGameType(GameType _gameType) external;
                  function superchainConfig() external view returns (ISuperchainConfig);
                  function systemConfig() external view returns (ISystemConfig);
                  function version() external pure returns (string memory);
                  function __constructor__(uint256 _proofMaturityDelaySeconds, uint256 _disputeGameFinalityDelaySeconds) external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.2;
              import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";
              /**
               * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
               * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
               * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
               * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
               *
               * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
               * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
               * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
               *
               * For example:
               *
               * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
               * ```
               * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
               *     function initialize() initializer public {
               *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
               *     }
               * }
               * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
               *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
               *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
               *     }
               * }
               * ```
               *
               * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
               * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
               *
               * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
               * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
               *
               * [CAUTION]
               * ====
               * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
               *
               * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
               * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
               * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
               *
               * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
               * ```
               * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
               * constructor() {
               *     _disableInitializers();
               * }
               * ```
               * ====
               */
              abstract contract Initializable {
                  /**
                   * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
                   * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
                   */
                  uint8 private _initialized;
                  /**
                   * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
                   */
                  bool private _initializing;
                  /**
                   * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
                   */
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  /**
                   * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
                   * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts. Equivalent to `reinitializer(1)`.
                   */
                  modifier initializer() {
                      bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
                      require(
                          (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
                          "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
                      );
                      _initialized = 1;
                      if (isTopLevelCall) {
                          _initializing = true;
                      }
                      _;
                      if (isTopLevelCall) {
                          _initializing = false;
                          emit Initialized(1);
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
                   * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
                   * used to initialize parent contracts.
                   *
                   * `initializer` is equivalent to `reinitializer(1)`, so a reinitializer may be used after the original
                   * initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that are added through upgrades and that require
                   * initialization.
                   *
                   * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
                   * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
                   */
                  modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
                      require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
                      _initialized = version;
                      _initializing = true;
                      _;
                      _initializing = false;
                      emit Initialized(version);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
                   * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
                   */
                  modifier onlyInitializing() {
                      require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
                      _;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
                   * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
                   * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
                   * through proxies.
                   */
                  function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
                      require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
                      if (_initialized < type(uint8).max) {
                          _initialized = type(uint8).max;
                          emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /**
               * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
               */
              library Math {
                  enum Rounding {
                      Down, // Toward negative infinity
                      Up, // Toward infinity
                      Zero // Toward zero
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
                   */
                  function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                      return a >= b ? a : b;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
                   */
                  function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                      return a < b ? a : b;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
                   * zero.
                   */
                  function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                      // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
                      return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
                   *
                   * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
                   * of rounding down.
                   */
                  function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                      // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
                      return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
                   * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
                   * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
                   */
                  function mulDiv(
                      uint256 x,
                      uint256 y,
                      uint256 denominator
                  ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
                      unchecked {
                          // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
                          // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
                          // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
                          uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
                          uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
                          assembly {
                              let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                              prod0 := mul(x, y)
                              prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
                          }
                          // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
                          if (prod1 == 0) {
                              return prod0 / denominator;
                          }
                          // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
                          require(denominator > prod1);
                          ///////////////////////////////////////////////
                          // 512 by 256 division.
                          ///////////////////////////////////////////////
                          // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
                          uint256 remainder;
                          assembly {
                              // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                              remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)
                              // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                              prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                              prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
                          }
                          // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
                          // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.
                          // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
                          uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
                          assembly {
                              // Divide denominator by twos.
                              denominator := div(denominator, twos)
                              // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                              prod0 := div(prod0, twos)
                              // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                              twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
                          }
                          // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
                          prod0 |= prod1 * twos;
                          // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
                          // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
                          // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
                          uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;
                          // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
                          // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
                          inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
                          inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
                          inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
                          inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
                          inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
                          inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256
                          // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
                          // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
                          // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
                          // is no longer required.
                          result = prod0 * inverse;
                          return result;
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
                   */
                  function mulDiv(
                      uint256 x,
                      uint256 y,
                      uint256 denominator,
                      Rounding rounding
                  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                      uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
                      if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
                          result += 1;
                      }
                      return result;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns the square root of a number. It the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
                   *
                   * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
                   */
                  function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                      if (a == 0) {
                          return 0;
                      }
                      // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
                      // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
                      // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`.
                      // We also know that `k`, the position of the most significant bit, is such that `msb(a) = 2**k`.
                      // This gives `2**k < a <= 2**(k+1)` → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2 ** (k/2+1)`.
                      // Using an algorithm similar to the msb conmputation, we are able to compute `result = 2**(k/2)` which is a
                      // good first aproximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
                      uint256 result = 1;
                      uint256 x = a;
                      if (x >> 128 > 0) {
                          x >>= 128;
                          result <<= 64;
                      }
                      if (x >> 64 > 0) {
                          x >>= 64;
                          result <<= 32;
                      }
                      if (x >> 32 > 0) {
                          x >>= 32;
                          result <<= 16;
                      }
                      if (x >> 16 > 0) {
                          x >>= 16;
                          result <<= 8;
                      }
                      if (x >> 8 > 0) {
                          x >>= 8;
                          result <<= 4;
                      }
                      if (x >> 4 > 0) {
                          x >>= 4;
                          result <<= 2;
                      }
                      if (x >> 2 > 0) {
                          result <<= 1;
                      }
                      // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
                      // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
                      // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
                      // into the expected uint128 result.
                      unchecked {
                          result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                          result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                          result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                          result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                          result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                          result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                          result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
                          return min(result, a / result);
                      }
                  }
                  /**
                   * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
                   */
                  function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                      uint256 result = sqrt(a);
                      if (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a) {
                          result += 1;
                      }
                      return result;
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @title SafeCall
              /// @notice Perform low level safe calls
              library SafeCall {
                  /// @notice Performs a low level call without copying any returndata.
                  /// @dev Passes no calldata to the call context.
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _gas      Amount of gas to pass to the call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  function send(address _target, uint256 _gas, uint256 _value) internal returns (bool success_) {
                      assembly {
                          success_ :=
                              call(
                                  _gas, // gas
                                  _target, // recipient
                                  _value, // ether value
                                  0, // inloc
                                  0, // inlen
                                  0, // outloc
                                  0 // outlen
                              )
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call with all gas without copying any returndata
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  function send(address _target, uint256 _value) internal returns (bool success_) {
                      success_ = send(_target, gasleft(), _value);
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call without copying any returndata
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _gas      Amount of gas to pass to the call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  /// @param _calldata Calldata to pass to the call
                  function call(
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _gas,
                      uint256 _value,
                      bytes memory _calldata
                  )
                      internal
                      returns (bool success_)
                  {
                      assembly {
                          success_ :=
                              call(
                                  _gas, // gas
                                  _target, // recipient
                                  _value, // ether value
                                  add(_calldata, 32), // inloc
                                  mload(_calldata), // inlen
                                  0, // outloc
                                  0 // outlen
                              )
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call without copying any returndata
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  /// @param _calldata Calldata to pass to the call
                  function call(address _target, uint256 _value, bytes memory _calldata) internal returns (bool success_) {
                      success_ = call({ _target: _target, _gas: gasleft(), _value: _value, _calldata: _calldata });
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call without copying any returndata
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _calldata Calldata to pass to the call
                  function call(address _target, bytes memory _calldata) internal returns (bool success_) {
                      success_ = call({ _target: _target, _gas: gasleft(), _value: 0, _calldata: _calldata });
                  }
                  /// @notice Helper function to determine if there is sufficient gas remaining within the context
                  ///         to guarantee that the minimum gas requirement for a call will be met as well as
                  ///         optionally reserving a specified amount of gas for after the call has concluded.
                  /// @param _minGas      The minimum amount of gas that may be passed to the target context.
                  /// @param _reservedGas Optional amount of gas to reserve for the caller after the execution
                  ///                     of the target context.
                  /// @return `true` if there is enough gas remaining to safely supply `_minGas` to the target
                  ///         context as well as reserve `_reservedGas` for the caller after the execution of
                  ///         the target context.
                  /// @dev !!!!! FOOTGUN ALERT !!!!!
                  ///      1.) The 40_000 base buffer is to account for the worst case of the dynamic cost of the
                  ///          `CALL` opcode's `address_access_cost`, `positive_value_cost`, and
                  ///          `value_to_empty_account_cost` factors with an added buffer of 5,700 gas. It is
                  ///          still possible to self-rekt by initiating a withdrawal with a minimum gas limit
                  ///          that does not account for the `memory_expansion_cost` & `code_execution_cost`
                  ///          factors of the dynamic cost of the `CALL` opcode.
                  ///      2.) This function should *directly* precede the external call if possible. There is an
                  ///          added buffer to account for gas consumed between this check and the call, but it
                  ///          is only 5,700 gas.
                  ///      3.) Because EIP-150 ensures that a maximum of 63/64ths of the remaining gas in the call
                  ///          frame may be passed to a subcontext, we need to ensure that the gas will not be
                  ///          truncated.
                  ///      4.) Use wisely. This function is not a silver bullet.
                  function hasMinGas(uint256 _minGas, uint256 _reservedGas) internal view returns (bool) {
                      bool _hasMinGas;
                      assembly {
                          // Equation: gas × 63 ≥ minGas × 64 + 63(40_000 + reservedGas)
                          _hasMinGas := iszero(lt(mul(gas(), 63), add(mul(_minGas, 64), mul(add(40000, _reservedGas), 63))))
                      }
                      return _hasMinGas;
                  }
                  /// @notice Perform a low level call without copying any returndata. This function
                  ///         will revert if the call cannot be performed with the specified minimum
                  ///         gas.
                  /// @param _target   Address to call
                  /// @param _minGas   The minimum amount of gas that may be passed to the call
                  /// @param _value    Amount of value to pass to the call
                  /// @param _calldata Calldata to pass to the call
                  function callWithMinGas(
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _minGas,
                      uint256 _value,
                      bytes memory _calldata
                  )
                      internal
                      returns (bool)
                  {
                      bool _success;
                      bool _hasMinGas = hasMinGas(_minGas, 0);
                      assembly {
                          // Assertion: gasleft() >= (_minGas * 64) / 63 + 40_000
                          if iszero(_hasMinGas) {
                              // Store the "Error(string)" selector in scratch space.
                              mstore(0, 0x08c379a0)
                              // Store the pointer to the string length in scratch space.
                              mstore(32, 32)
                              // Store the string.
                              //
                              // SAFETY:
                              // - We pad the beginning of the string with two zero bytes as well as the
                              // length (24) to ensure that we override the free memory pointer at offset
                              // 0x40. This is necessary because the free memory pointer is likely to
                              // be greater than 1 byte when this function is called, but it is incredibly
                              // unlikely that it will be greater than 3 bytes. As for the data within
                              // 0x60, it is ensured that it is 0 due to 0x60 being the zero offset.
                              // - It's fine to clobber the free memory pointer, we're reverting.
                              mstore(88, 0x0000185361666543616c6c3a204e6f7420656e6f75676820676173)
                              // Revert with 'Error("SafeCall: Not enough gas")'
                              revert(28, 100)
                          }
                          // The call will be supplied at least ((_minGas * 64) / 63) gas due to the
                          // above assertion. This ensures that, in all circumstances (except for when the
                          // `_minGas` does not account for the `memory_expansion_cost` and `code_execution_cost`
                          // factors of the dynamic cost of the `CALL` opcode), the call will receive at least
                          // the minimum amount of gas specified.
                          _success :=
                              call(
                                  gas(), // gas
                                  _target, // recipient
                                  _value, // ether value
                                  add(_calldata, 32), // inloc
                                  mload(_calldata), // inlen
                                  0x00, // outloc
                                  0x00 // outlen
                              )
                      }
                      return _success;
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              // Libraries
              import { Types } from "src/libraries/Types.sol";
              import { Encoding } from "src/libraries/Encoding.sol";
              /// @title Hashing
              /// @notice Hashing handles Optimism's various different hashing schemes.
              library Hashing {
                  /// @notice Computes the hash of the RLP encoded L2 transaction that would be generated when a
                  ///         given deposit is sent to the L2 system. Useful for searching for a deposit in the L2
                  ///         system.
                  /// @param _tx User deposit transaction to hash.
                  /// @return Hash of the RLP encoded L2 deposit transaction.
                  function hashDepositTransaction(Types.UserDepositTransaction memory _tx) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      return keccak256(Encoding.encodeDepositTransaction(_tx));
                  }
                  /// @notice Computes the deposit transaction's "source hash", a value that guarantees the hash
                  ///         of the L2 transaction that corresponds to a deposit is unique and is
                  ///         deterministically generated from L1 transaction data.
                  /// @param _l1BlockHash Hash of the L1 block where the deposit was included.
                  /// @param _logIndex    The index of the log that created the deposit transaction.
                  /// @return Hash of the deposit transaction's "source hash".
                  function hashDepositSource(bytes32 _l1BlockHash, uint256 _logIndex) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      bytes32 depositId = keccak256(abi.encode(_l1BlockHash, _logIndex));
                      return keccak256(abi.encode(bytes32(0), depositId));
                  }
                  /// @notice Hashes the cross domain message based on the version that is encoded into the
                  ///         message nonce.
                  /// @param _nonce    Message nonce with version encoded into the first two bytes.
                  /// @param _sender   Address of the sender of the message.
                  /// @param _target   Address of the target of the message.
                  /// @param _value    ETH value to send to the target.
                  /// @param _gasLimit Gas limit to use for the message.
                  /// @param _data     Data to send with the message.
                  /// @return Hashed cross domain message.
                  function hashCrossDomainMessage(
                      uint256 _nonce,
                      address _sender,
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _value,
                      uint256 _gasLimit,
                      bytes memory _data
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes32)
                  {
                      (, uint16 version) = Encoding.decodeVersionedNonce(_nonce);
                      if (version == 0) {
                          return hashCrossDomainMessageV0(_target, _sender, _data, _nonce);
                      } else if (version == 1) {
                          return hashCrossDomainMessageV1(_nonce, _sender, _target, _value, _gasLimit, _data);
                      } else {
                          revert("Hashing: unknown cross domain message version");
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Hashes a cross domain message based on the V0 (legacy) encoding.
                  /// @param _target Address of the target of the message.
                  /// @param _sender Address of the sender of the message.
                  /// @param _data   Data to send with the message.
                  /// @param _nonce  Message nonce.
                  /// @return Hashed cross domain message.
                  function hashCrossDomainMessageV0(
                      address _target,
                      address _sender,
                      bytes memory _data,
                      uint256 _nonce
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes32)
                  {
                      return keccak256(Encoding.encodeCrossDomainMessageV0(_target, _sender, _data, _nonce));
                  }
                  /// @notice Hashes a cross domain message based on the V1 (current) encoding.
                  /// @param _nonce    Message nonce.
                  /// @param _sender   Address of the sender of the message.
                  /// @param _target   Address of the target of the message.
                  /// @param _value    ETH value to send to the target.
                  /// @param _gasLimit Gas limit to use for the message.
                  /// @param _data     Data to send with the message.
                  /// @return Hashed cross domain message.
                  function hashCrossDomainMessageV1(
                      uint256 _nonce,
                      address _sender,
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _value,
                      uint256 _gasLimit,
                      bytes memory _data
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes32)
                  {
                      return keccak256(Encoding.encodeCrossDomainMessageV1(_nonce, _sender, _target, _value, _gasLimit, _data));
                  }
                  /// @notice Derives the withdrawal hash according to the encoding in the L2 Withdrawer contract
                  /// @param _tx Withdrawal transaction to hash.
                  /// @return Hashed withdrawal transaction.
                  function hashWithdrawal(Types.WithdrawalTransaction memory _tx) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      return keccak256(abi.encode(_tx.nonce, _tx.sender, _tx.target, _tx.value, _tx.gasLimit, _tx.data));
                  }
                  /// @notice Hashes the various elements of an output root proof into an output root hash which
                  ///         can be used to check if the proof is valid.
                  /// @param _outputRootProof Output root proof which should hash to an output root.
                  /// @return Hashed output root proof.
                  function hashOutputRootProof(Types.OutputRootProof memory _outputRootProof) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
                      return keccak256(
                          abi.encode(
                              _outputRootProof.version,
                              _outputRootProof.stateRoot,
                              _outputRootProof.messagePasserStorageRoot,
                              _outputRootProof.latestBlockhash
                          )
                      );
                  }
                  /// @notice Generates a unique hash for cross l2 messages. This hash is used to identify
                  ///         the message and ensure it is not relayed more than once.
                  /// @param _destination Chain ID of the destination chain.
                  /// @param _source Chain ID of the source chain.
                  /// @param _nonce Unique nonce associated with the message to prevent replay attacks.
                  /// @param _sender Address of the user who originally sent the message.
                  /// @param _target Address of the contract or wallet that the message is targeting on the destination chain.
                  /// @param _message The message payload to be relayed to the target on the destination chain.
                  /// @return Hash of the encoded message parameters, used to uniquely identify the message.
                  function hashL2toL2CrossDomainMessage(
                      uint256 _destination,
                      uint256 _source,
                      uint256 _nonce,
                      address _sender,
                      address _target,
                      bytes memory _message
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes32)
                  {
                      return keccak256(abi.encode(_destination, _source, _nonce, _sender, _target, _message));
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              // Libraries
              import { Types } from "src/libraries/Types.sol";
              import { Hashing } from "src/libraries/Hashing.sol";
              import { RLPWriter } from "src/libraries/rlp/RLPWriter.sol";
              /// @title Encoding
              /// @notice Encoding handles Optimism's various different encoding schemes.
              library Encoding {
                  /// @notice RLP encodes the L2 transaction that would be generated when a given deposit is sent
                  ///         to the L2 system. Useful for searching for a deposit in the L2 system. The
                  ///         transaction is prefixed with 0x7e to identify its EIP-2718 type.
                  /// @param _tx User deposit transaction to encode.
                  /// @return RLP encoded L2 deposit transaction.
                  function encodeDepositTransaction(Types.UserDepositTransaction memory _tx) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                      bytes32 source = Hashing.hashDepositSource(_tx.l1BlockHash, _tx.logIndex);
                      bytes[] memory raw = new bytes[](8);
                      raw[0] = RLPWriter.writeBytes(abi.encodePacked(source));
                      raw[1] = RLPWriter.writeAddress(_tx.from);
                      raw[2] = _tx.isCreation ? RLPWriter.writeBytes("") : RLPWriter.writeAddress(_tx.to);
                      raw[3] = RLPWriter.writeUint(_tx.mint);
                      raw[4] = RLPWriter.writeUint(_tx.value);
                      raw[5] = RLPWriter.writeUint(uint256(_tx.gasLimit));
                      raw[6] = RLPWriter.writeBool(false);
                      raw[7] = RLPWriter.writeBytes(_tx.data);
                      return abi.encodePacked(uint8(0x7e), RLPWriter.writeList(raw));
                  }
                  /// @notice Encodes the cross domain message based on the version that is encoded into the
                  ///         message nonce.
                  /// @param _nonce    Message nonce with version encoded into the first two bytes.
                  /// @param _sender   Address of the sender of the message.
                  /// @param _target   Address of the target of the message.
                  /// @param _value    ETH value to send to the target.
                  /// @param _gasLimit Gas limit to use for the message.
                  /// @param _data     Data to send with the message.
                  /// @return Encoded cross domain message.
                  function encodeCrossDomainMessage(
                      uint256 _nonce,
                      address _sender,
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _value,
                      uint256 _gasLimit,
                      bytes memory _data
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes memory)
                  {
                      (, uint16 version) = decodeVersionedNonce(_nonce);
                      if (version == 0) {
                          return encodeCrossDomainMessageV0(_target, _sender, _data, _nonce);
                      } else if (version == 1) {
                          return encodeCrossDomainMessageV1(_nonce, _sender, _target, _value, _gasLimit, _data);
                      } else {
                          revert("Encoding: unknown cross domain message version");
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Encodes a cross domain message based on the V0 (legacy) encoding.
                  /// @param _target Address of the target of the message.
                  /// @param _sender Address of the sender of the message.
                  /// @param _data   Data to send with the message.
                  /// @param _nonce  Message nonce.
                  /// @return Encoded cross domain message.
                  function encodeCrossDomainMessageV0(
                      address _target,
                      address _sender,
                      bytes memory _data,
                      uint256 _nonce
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes memory)
                  {
                      // nosemgrep: sol-style-use-abi-encodecall
                      return abi.encodeWithSignature("relayMessage(address,address,bytes,uint256)", _target, _sender, _data, _nonce);
                  }
                  /// @notice Encodes a cross domain message based on the V1 (current) encoding.
                  /// @param _nonce    Message nonce.
                  /// @param _sender   Address of the sender of the message.
                  /// @param _target   Address of the target of the message.
                  /// @param _value    ETH value to send to the target.
                  /// @param _gasLimit Gas limit to use for the message.
                  /// @param _data     Data to send with the message.
                  /// @return Encoded cross domain message.
                  function encodeCrossDomainMessageV1(
                      uint256 _nonce,
                      address _sender,
                      address _target,
                      uint256 _value,
                      uint256 _gasLimit,
                      bytes memory _data
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes memory)
                  {
                      // nosemgrep: sol-style-use-abi-encodecall
                      return abi.encodeWithSignature(
                          "relayMessage(uint256,address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)",
                          _nonce,
                          _sender,
                          _target,
                          _value,
                          _gasLimit,
                          _data
                      );
                  }
                  /// @notice Adds a version number into the first two bytes of a message nonce.
                  /// @param _nonce   Message nonce to encode into.
                  /// @param _version Version number to encode into the message nonce.
                  /// @return Message nonce with version encoded into the first two bytes.
                  function encodeVersionedNonce(uint240 _nonce, uint16 _version) internal pure returns (uint256) {
                      uint256 nonce;
                      assembly {
                          nonce := or(shl(240, _version), _nonce)
                      }
                      return nonce;
                  }
                  /// @notice Pulls the version out of a version-encoded nonce.
                  /// @param _nonce Message nonce with version encoded into the first two bytes.
                  /// @return Nonce without encoded version.
                  /// @return Version of the message.
                  function decodeVersionedNonce(uint256 _nonce) internal pure returns (uint240, uint16) {
                      uint240 nonce;
                      uint16 version;
                      assembly {
                          nonce := and(_nonce, 0x0000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
                          version := shr(240, _nonce)
                      }
                      return (nonce, version);
                  }
                  /// @notice Returns an appropriately encoded call to L1Block.setL1BlockValuesEcotone
                  /// @param _baseFeeScalar       L1 base fee Scalar
                  /// @param _blobBaseFeeScalar   L1 blob base fee Scalar
                  /// @param _sequenceNumber      Number of L2 blocks since epoch start.
                  /// @param _timestamp           L1 timestamp.
                  /// @param _number              L1 blocknumber.
                  /// @param _baseFee             L1 base fee.
                  /// @param _blobBaseFee         L1 blob base fee.
                  /// @param _hash                L1 blockhash.
                  /// @param _batcherHash         Versioned hash to authenticate batcher by.
                  function encodeSetL1BlockValuesEcotone(
                      uint32 _baseFeeScalar,
                      uint32 _blobBaseFeeScalar,
                      uint64 _sequenceNumber,
                      uint64 _timestamp,
                      uint64 _number,
                      uint256 _baseFee,
                      uint256 _blobBaseFee,
                      bytes32 _hash,
                      bytes32 _batcherHash
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes memory)
                  {
                      bytes4 functionSignature = bytes4(keccak256("setL1BlockValuesEcotone()"));
                      return abi.encodePacked(
                          functionSignature,
                          _baseFeeScalar,
                          _blobBaseFeeScalar,
                          _sequenceNumber,
                          _timestamp,
                          _number,
                          _baseFee,
                          _blobBaseFee,
                          _hash,
                          _batcherHash
                      );
                  }
                  /// @notice Returns an appropriately encoded call to L1Block.setL1BlockValuesIsthmus
                  /// @param _baseFeeScalar       L1 base fee Scalar
                  /// @param _blobBaseFeeScalar   L1 blob base fee Scalar
                  /// @param _sequenceNumber      Number of L2 blocks since epoch start.
                  /// @param _timestamp           L1 timestamp.
                  /// @param _number              L1 blocknumber.
                  /// @param _baseFee             L1 base fee.
                  /// @param _blobBaseFee         L1 blob base fee.
                  /// @param _hash                L1 blockhash.
                  /// @param _batcherHash         Versioned hash to authenticate batcher by.
                  /// @param _operatorFeeScalar   Operator fee scalar.
                  /// @param _operatorFeeConstant Operator fee constant.
                  function encodeSetL1BlockValuesIsthmus(
                      uint32 _baseFeeScalar,
                      uint32 _blobBaseFeeScalar,
                      uint64 _sequenceNumber,
                      uint64 _timestamp,
                      uint64 _number,
                      uint256 _baseFee,
                      uint256 _blobBaseFee,
                      bytes32 _hash,
                      bytes32 _batcherHash,
                      uint32 _operatorFeeScalar,
                      uint64 _operatorFeeConstant
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes memory)
                  {
                      bytes4 functionSignature = bytes4(keccak256("setL1BlockValuesIsthmus()"));
                      return abi.encodePacked(
                          functionSignature,
                          _baseFeeScalar,
                          _blobBaseFeeScalar,
                          _sequenceNumber,
                          _timestamp,
                          _number,
                          _baseFee,
                          _blobBaseFee,
                          _hash,
                          _batcherHash,
                          _operatorFeeScalar,
                          _operatorFeeConstant
                      );
                  }
                  /// @notice Returns an appropriately encoded call to L1Block.setL1BlockValuesInterop
                  /// @param _baseFeeScalar       L1 base fee Scalar
                  /// @param _blobBaseFeeScalar   L1 blob base fee Scalar
                  /// @param _sequenceNumber      Number of L2 blocks since epoch start.
                  /// @param _timestamp           L1 timestamp.
                  /// @param _number              L1 blocknumber.
                  /// @param _baseFee             L1 base fee.
                  /// @param _blobBaseFee         L1 blob base fee.
                  /// @param _hash                L1 blockhash.
                  /// @param _batcherHash         Versioned hash to authenticate batcher by.
                  function encodeSetL1BlockValuesInterop(
                      uint32 _baseFeeScalar,
                      uint32 _blobBaseFeeScalar,
                      uint64 _sequenceNumber,
                      uint64 _timestamp,
                      uint64 _number,
                      uint256 _baseFee,
                      uint256 _blobBaseFee,
                      bytes32 _hash,
                      bytes32 _batcherHash
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (bytes memory)
                  {
                      bytes4 functionSignature = bytes4(keccak256("setL1BlockValuesInterop()"));
                      return abi.encodePacked(
                          functionSignature,
                          _baseFeeScalar,
                          _blobBaseFeeScalar,
                          _sequenceNumber,
                          _timestamp,
                          _number,
                          _baseFee,
                          _blobBaseFee,
                          _hash,
                          _batcherHash
                      );
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              // Interfaces
              import { IResourceMetering } from "interfaces/L1/IResourceMetering.sol";
              /// @title Constants
              /// @notice Constants is a library for storing constants. Simple! Don't put everything in here, just
              ///         the stuff used in multiple contracts. Constants that only apply to a single contract
              ///         should be defined in that contract instead.
              library Constants {
                  /// @notice Special address to be used as the tx origin for gas estimation calls in the
                  ///         OptimismPortal and CrossDomainMessenger calls. You only need to use this address if
                  ///         the minimum gas limit specified by the user is not actually enough to execute the
                  ///         given message and you're attempting to estimate the actual necessary gas limit. We
                  ///         use address(1) because it's the ecrecover precompile and therefore guaranteed to
                  ///         never have any code on any EVM chain.
                  address internal constant ESTIMATION_ADDRESS = address(1);
                  /// @notice Value used for the L2 sender storage slot in both the OptimismPortal and the
                  ///         CrossDomainMessenger contracts before an actual sender is set. This value is
                  ///         non-zero to reduce the gas cost of message passing transactions.
                  address internal constant DEFAULT_L2_SENDER = 0x000000000000000000000000000000000000dEaD;
                  /// @notice The storage slot that holds the address of a proxy implementation.
                  /// @dev `bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.implementation')) - 1)`
                  bytes32 internal constant PROXY_IMPLEMENTATION_ADDRESS =
                      0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
                  /// @notice The storage slot that holds the address of the owner.
                  /// @dev `bytes32(uint256(keccak256('eip1967.proxy.admin')) - 1)`
                  bytes32 internal constant PROXY_OWNER_ADDRESS = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;
                  /// @notice The address that represents ether when dealing with ERC20 token addresses.
                  address internal constant ETHER = 0xEeeeeEeeeEeEeeEeEeEeeEEEeeeeEeeeeeeeEEeE;
                  /// @notice The address that represents the system caller responsible for L1 attributes
                  ///         transactions.
                  address internal constant DEPOSITOR_ACCOUNT = 0xDeaDDEaDDeAdDeAdDEAdDEaddeAddEAdDEAd0001;
                  /// @notice Returns the default values for the ResourceConfig. These are the recommended values
                  ///         for a production network.
                  function DEFAULT_RESOURCE_CONFIG() internal pure returns (IResourceMetering.ResourceConfig memory) {
                      IResourceMetering.ResourceConfig memory config = IResourceMetering.ResourceConfig({
                          maxResourceLimit: 20_000_000,
                          elasticityMultiplier: 10,
                          baseFeeMaxChangeDenominator: 8,
                          minimumBaseFee: 1 gwei,
                          systemTxMaxGas: 1_000_000,
                          maximumBaseFee: type(uint128).max
                      });
                      return config;
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @title Types
              /// @notice Contains various types used throughout the Optimism contract system.
              library Types {
                  /// @notice OutputProposal represents a commitment to the L2 state. The timestamp is the L1
                  ///         timestamp that the output root is posted. This timestamp is used to verify that the
                  ///         finalization period has passed since the output root was submitted.
                  /// @custom:field outputRoot    Hash of the L2 output.
                  /// @custom:field timestamp     Timestamp of the L1 block that the output root was submitted in.
                  /// @custom:field l2BlockNumber L2 block number that the output corresponds to.
                  struct OutputProposal {
                      bytes32 outputRoot;
                      uint128 timestamp;
                      uint128 l2BlockNumber;
                  }
                  /// @notice Struct representing the elements that are hashed together to generate an output root
                  ///         which itself represents a snapshot of the L2 state.
                  /// @custom:field version                  Version of the output root.
                  /// @custom:field stateRoot                Root of the state trie at the block of this output.
                  /// @custom:field messagePasserStorageRoot Root of the message passer storage trie.
                  /// @custom:field latestBlockhash          Hash of the block this output was generated from.
                  struct OutputRootProof {
                      bytes32 version;
                      bytes32 stateRoot;
                      bytes32 messagePasserStorageRoot;
                      bytes32 latestBlockhash;
                  }
                  /// @notice Struct representing a deposit transaction (L1 => L2 transaction) created by an end
                  ///         user (as opposed to a system deposit transaction generated by the system).
                  /// @custom:field from        Address of the sender of the transaction.
                  /// @custom:field to          Address of the recipient of the transaction.
                  /// @custom:field isCreation  True if the transaction is a contract creation.
                  /// @custom:field value       Value to send to the recipient.
                  /// @custom:field mint        Amount of ETH to mint.
                  /// @custom:field gasLimit    Gas limit of the transaction.
                  /// @custom:field data        Data of the transaction.
                  /// @custom:field l1BlockHash Hash of the block the transaction was submitted in.
                  /// @custom:field logIndex    Index of the log in the block the transaction was submitted in.
                  struct UserDepositTransaction {
                      address from;
                      address to;
                      bool isCreation;
                      uint256 value;
                      uint256 mint;
                      uint64 gasLimit;
                      bytes data;
                      bytes32 l1BlockHash;
                      uint256 logIndex;
                  }
                  /// @notice Struct representing a withdrawal transaction.
                  /// @custom:field nonce    Nonce of the withdrawal transaction
                  /// @custom:field sender   Address of the sender of the transaction.
                  /// @custom:field target   Address of the recipient of the transaction.
                  /// @custom:field value    Value to send to the recipient.
                  /// @custom:field gasLimit Gas limit of the transaction.
                  /// @custom:field data     Data of the transaction.
                  struct WithdrawalTransaction {
                      uint256 nonce;
                      address sender;
                      address target;
                      uint256 value;
                      uint256 gasLimit;
                      bytes data;
                  }
                  /// @notice Enum representing where the FeeVault withdraws funds to.
                  /// @custom:value L1 FeeVault withdraws funds to L1.
                  /// @custom:value L2 FeeVault withdraws funds to L2.
                  enum WithdrawalNetwork {
                      L1,
                      L2
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.15;
              // Libraries
              import { Position } from "src/dispute/lib/LibPosition.sol";
              using LibClaim for Claim global;
              using LibHash for Hash global;
              using LibDuration for Duration global;
              using LibClock for Clock global;
              using LibGameId for GameId global;
              using LibTimestamp for Timestamp global;
              using LibVMStatus for VMStatus global;
              using LibGameType for GameType global;
              /// @notice A `Clock` represents a packed `Duration` and `Timestamp`
              /// @dev The packed layout of this type is as follows:
              /// ┌────────────┬────────────────┐
              /// │    Bits    │     Value      │
              /// ├────────────┼────────────────┤
              /// │ [0, 64)    │ Duration       │
              /// │ [64, 128)  │ Timestamp      │
              /// └────────────┴────────────────┘
              type Clock is uint128;
              /// @title LibClock
              /// @notice This library contains helper functions for working with the `Clock` type.
              library LibClock {
                  /// @notice Packs a `Duration` and `Timestamp` into a `Clock` type.
                  /// @param _duration The `Duration` to pack into the `Clock` type.
                  /// @param _timestamp The `Timestamp` to pack into the `Clock` type.
                  /// @return clock_ The `Clock` containing the `_duration` and `_timestamp`.
                  function wrap(Duration _duration, Timestamp _timestamp) internal pure returns (Clock clock_) {
                      assembly {
                          clock_ := or(shl(0x40, _duration), _timestamp)
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Pull the `Duration` out of a `Clock` type.
                  /// @param _clock The `Clock` type to pull the `Duration` out of.
                  /// @return duration_ The `Duration` pulled out of `_clock`.
                  function duration(Clock _clock) internal pure returns (Duration duration_) {
                      // Shift the high-order 64 bits into the low-order 64 bits, leaving only the `duration`.
                      assembly {
                          duration_ := shr(0x40, _clock)
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Pull the `Timestamp` out of a `Clock` type.
                  /// @param _clock The `Clock` type to pull the `Timestamp` out of.
                  /// @return timestamp_ The `Timestamp` pulled out of `_clock`.
                  function timestamp(Clock _clock) internal pure returns (Timestamp timestamp_) {
                      // Clean the high-order 192 bits by shifting the clock left and then right again, leaving
                      // only the `timestamp`.
                      assembly {
                          timestamp_ := shr(0xC0, shl(0xC0, _clock))
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Get the value of a `Clock` type in the form of the underlying uint128.
                  /// @param _clock The `Clock` type to get the value of.
                  /// @return clock_ The value of the `Clock` type as a uint128 type.
                  function raw(Clock _clock) internal pure returns (uint128 clock_) {
                      assembly {
                          clock_ := _clock
                      }
                  }
              }
              /// @notice A `GameId` represents a packed 4 byte game ID, a 8 byte timestamp, and a 20 byte address.
              /// @dev The packed layout of this type is as follows:
              /// ┌───────────┬───────────┐
              /// │   Bits    │   Value   │
              /// ├───────────┼───────────┤
              /// │ [0, 32)   │ Game Type │
              /// │ [32, 96)  │ Timestamp │
              /// │ [96, 256) │ Address   │
              /// └───────────┴───────────┘
              type GameId is bytes32;
              /// @title LibGameId
              /// @notice Utility functions for packing and unpacking GameIds.
              library LibGameId {
                  /// @notice Packs values into a 32 byte GameId type.
                  /// @param _gameType The game type.
                  /// @param _timestamp The timestamp of the game's creation.
                  /// @param _gameProxy The game proxy address.
                  /// @return gameId_ The packed GameId.
                  function pack(
                      GameType _gameType,
                      Timestamp _timestamp,
                      address _gameProxy
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (GameId gameId_)
                  {
                      assembly {
                          gameId_ := or(or(shl(224, _gameType), shl(160, _timestamp)), _gameProxy)
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Unpacks values from a 32 byte GameId type.
                  /// @param _gameId The packed GameId.
                  /// @return gameType_ The game type.
                  /// @return timestamp_ The timestamp of the game's creation.
                  /// @return gameProxy_ The game proxy address.
                  function unpack(GameId _gameId)
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (GameType gameType_, Timestamp timestamp_, address gameProxy_)
                  {
                      assembly {
                          gameType_ := shr(224, _gameId)
                          timestamp_ := and(shr(160, _gameId), 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
                          gameProxy_ := and(_gameId, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
                      }
                  }
              }
              /// @notice A claim represents an MPT root representing the state of the fault proof program.
              type Claim is bytes32;
              /// @title LibClaim
              /// @notice This library contains helper functions for working with the `Claim` type.
              library LibClaim {
                  /// @notice Get the value of a `Claim` type in the form of the underlying bytes32.
                  /// @param _claim The `Claim` type to get the value of.
                  /// @return claim_ The value of the `Claim` type as a bytes32 type.
                  function raw(Claim _claim) internal pure returns (bytes32 claim_) {
                      assembly {
                          claim_ := _claim
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Hashes a claim and a position together.
                  /// @param _claim A Claim type.
                  /// @param _position The position of `claim`.
                  /// @param _challengeIndex The index of the claim being moved against.
                  /// @return claimHash_ A hash of abi.encodePacked(claim, position|challengeIndex);
                  function hashClaimPos(
                      Claim _claim,
                      Position _position,
                      uint256 _challengeIndex
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (Hash claimHash_)
                  {
                      assembly {
                          mstore(0x00, _claim)
                          mstore(0x20, or(shl(128, _position), and(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, _challengeIndex)))
                          claimHash_ := keccak256(0x00, 0x40)
                      }
                  }
              }
              /// @notice A dedicated duration type.
              /// @dev Unit: seconds
              type Duration is uint64;
              /// @title LibDuration
              /// @notice This library contains helper functions for working with the `Duration` type.
              library LibDuration {
                  /// @notice Get the value of a `Duration` type in the form of the underlying uint64.
                  /// @param _duration The `Duration` type to get the value of.
                  /// @return duration_ The value of the `Duration` type as a uint64 type.
                  function raw(Duration _duration) internal pure returns (uint64 duration_) {
                      assembly {
                          duration_ := _duration
                      }
                  }
              }
              /// @notice A custom type for a generic hash.
              type Hash is bytes32;
              /// @title LibHash
              /// @notice This library contains helper functions for working with the `Hash` type.
              library LibHash {
                  /// @notice Get the value of a `Hash` type in the form of the underlying bytes32.
                  /// @param _hash The `Hash` type to get the value of.
                  /// @return hash_ The value of the `Hash` type as a bytes32 type.
                  function raw(Hash _hash) internal pure returns (bytes32 hash_) {
                      assembly {
                          hash_ := _hash
                      }
                  }
              }
              /// @notice A dedicated timestamp type.
              type Timestamp is uint64;
              /// @title LibTimestamp
              /// @notice This library contains helper functions for working with the `Timestamp` type.
              library LibTimestamp {
                  /// @notice Get the value of a `Timestamp` type in the form of the underlying uint64.
                  /// @param _timestamp The `Timestamp` type to get the value of.
                  /// @return timestamp_ The value of the `Timestamp` type as a uint64 type.
                  function raw(Timestamp _timestamp) internal pure returns (uint64 timestamp_) {
                      assembly {
                          timestamp_ := _timestamp
                      }
                  }
              }
              /// @notice A `VMStatus` represents the status of a VM execution.
              type VMStatus is uint8;
              /// @title LibVMStatus
              /// @notice This library contains helper functions for working with the `VMStatus` type.
              library LibVMStatus {
                  /// @notice Get the value of a `VMStatus` type in the form of the underlying uint8.
                  /// @param _vmstatus The `VMStatus` type to get the value of.
                  /// @return vmstatus_ The value of the `VMStatus` type as a uint8 type.
                  function raw(VMStatus _vmstatus) internal pure returns (uint8 vmstatus_) {
                      assembly {
                          vmstatus_ := _vmstatus
                      }
                  }
              }
              /// @notice A `GameType` represents the type of game being played.
              type GameType is uint32;
              /// @title LibGameType
              /// @notice This library contains helper functions for working with the `GameType` type.
              library LibGameType {
                  /// @notice Get the value of a `GameType` type in the form of the underlying uint32.
                  /// @param _gametype The `GameType` type to get the value of.
                  /// @return gametype_ The value of the `GameType` type as a uint32 type.
                  function raw(GameType _gametype) internal pure returns (uint32 gametype_) {
                      assembly {
                          gametype_ := _gametype
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import { IInitializable } from "interfaces/dispute/IInitializable.sol";
              import { Timestamp, GameStatus, GameType, Claim, Hash } from "src/dispute/lib/Types.sol";
              interface IDisputeGame is IInitializable {
                  event Resolved(GameStatus indexed status);
                  function createdAt() external view returns (Timestamp);
                  function resolvedAt() external view returns (Timestamp);
                  function status() external view returns (GameStatus);
                  function gameType() external view returns (GameType gameType_);
                  function gameCreator() external pure returns (address creator_);
                  function rootClaim() external pure returns (Claim rootClaim_);
                  function l1Head() external pure returns (Hash l1Head_);
                  function l2BlockNumber() external pure returns (uint256 l2BlockNumber_);
                  function extraData() external pure returns (bytes memory extraData_);
                  function resolve() external returns (GameStatus status_);
                  function gameData() external view returns (GameType gameType_, Claim rootClaim_, bytes memory extraData_);
                  function wasRespectedGameTypeWhenCreated() external view returns (bool);
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import { IDisputeGame } from "interfaces/dispute/IDisputeGame.sol";
              import { GameId, Timestamp, Claim, Hash, GameType } from "src/dispute/lib/Types.sol";
              interface IDisputeGameFactory {
                  struct GameSearchResult {
                      uint256 index;
                      GameId metadata;
                      Timestamp timestamp;
                      Claim rootClaim;
                      bytes extraData;
                  }
                  error GameAlreadyExists(Hash uuid);
                  error IncorrectBondAmount();
                  error NoImplementation(GameType gameType);
                  event DisputeGameCreated(address indexed disputeProxy, GameType indexed gameType, Claim indexed rootClaim);
                  event ImplementationSet(address indexed impl, GameType indexed gameType);
                  event InitBondUpdated(GameType indexed gameType, uint256 indexed newBond);
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
                  function create(
                      GameType _gameType,
                      Claim _rootClaim,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      external
                      payable
                      returns (IDisputeGame proxy_);
                  function findLatestGames(
                      GameType _gameType,
                      uint256 _start,
                      uint256 _n
                  )
                      external
                      view
                      returns (GameSearchResult[] memory games_);
                  function gameAtIndex(uint256 _index)
                      external
                      view
                      returns (GameType gameType_, Timestamp timestamp_, IDisputeGame proxy_);
                  function gameCount() external view returns (uint256 gameCount_);
                  function gameImpls(GameType) external view returns (IDisputeGame);
                  function games(
                      GameType _gameType,
                      Claim _rootClaim,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      external
                      view
                      returns (IDisputeGame proxy_, Timestamp timestamp_);
                  function getGameUUID(
                      GameType _gameType,
                      Claim _rootClaim,
                      bytes memory _extraData
                  )
                      external
                      pure
                      returns (Hash uuid_);
                  function initBonds(GameType) external view returns (uint256);
                  function initialize(address _owner) external;
                  function owner() external view returns (address);
                  function renounceOwnership() external;
                  function setImplementation(GameType _gameType, IDisputeGame _impl) external;
                  function setInitBond(GameType _gameType, uint256 _initBond) external;
                  function transferOwnership(address newOwner) external; // nosemgrep
                  function version() external view returns (string memory);
                  function __constructor__() external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              import { IResourceMetering } from "interfaces/L1/IResourceMetering.sol";
              interface ISystemConfig {
                  enum UpdateType {
                      BATCHER,
                      FEE_SCALARS,
                      GAS_LIMIT,
                      UNSAFE_BLOCK_SIGNER,
                      EIP_1559_PARAMS,
                      OPERATOR_FEE_PARAMS
                  }
                  struct Addresses {
                      address l1CrossDomainMessenger;
                      address l1ERC721Bridge;
                      address l1StandardBridge;
                      address disputeGameFactory;
                      address optimismPortal;
                      address optimismMintableERC20Factory;
                  }
                  event ConfigUpdate(uint256 indexed version, UpdateType indexed updateType, bytes data);
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
                  function BATCH_INBOX_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function DISPUTE_GAME_FACTORY_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function L1_CROSS_DOMAIN_MESSENGER_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function L1_ERC_721_BRIDGE_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function L1_STANDARD_BRIDGE_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function OPTIMISM_MINTABLE_ERC20_FACTORY_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function OPTIMISM_PORTAL_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function START_BLOCK_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function UNSAFE_BLOCK_SIGNER_SLOT() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function VERSION() external view returns (uint256);
                  function basefeeScalar() external view returns (uint32);
                  function batchInbox() external view returns (address addr_);
                  function batcherHash() external view returns (bytes32);
                  function blobbasefeeScalar() external view returns (uint32);
                  function disputeGameFactory() external view returns (address addr_);
                  function gasLimit() external view returns (uint64);
                  function eip1559Denominator() external view returns (uint32);
                  function eip1559Elasticity() external view returns (uint32);
                  function getAddresses() external view returns (Addresses memory);
                  function initialize(
                      address _owner,
                      uint32 _basefeeScalar,
                      uint32 _blobbasefeeScalar,
                      bytes32 _batcherHash,
                      uint64 _gasLimit,
                      address _unsafeBlockSigner,
                      IResourceMetering.ResourceConfig memory _config,
                      address _batchInbox,
                      Addresses memory _addresses
                  )
                      external;
                  function l1CrossDomainMessenger() external view returns (address addr_);
                  function l1ERC721Bridge() external view returns (address addr_);
                  function l1StandardBridge() external view returns (address addr_);
                  function maximumGasLimit() external pure returns (uint64);
                  function minimumGasLimit() external view returns (uint64);
                  function operatorFeeConstant() external view returns (uint64);
                  function operatorFeeScalar() external view returns (uint32);
                  function optimismMintableERC20Factory() external view returns (address addr_);
                  function optimismPortal() external view returns (address addr_);
                  function overhead() external view returns (uint256);
                  function owner() external view returns (address);
                  function renounceOwnership() external;
                  function resourceConfig() external view returns (IResourceMetering.ResourceConfig memory);
                  function scalar() external view returns (uint256);
                  function setBatcherHash(bytes32 _batcherHash) external;
                  function setGasConfig(uint256 _overhead, uint256 _scalar) external;
                  function setGasConfigEcotone(uint32 _basefeeScalar, uint32 _blobbasefeeScalar) external;
                  function setGasLimit(uint64 _gasLimit) external;
                  function setOperatorFeeScalars(uint32 _operatorFeeScalar, uint64 _operatorFeeConstant) external;
                  function setUnsafeBlockSigner(address _unsafeBlockSigner) external;
                  function setEIP1559Params(uint32 _denominator, uint32 _elasticity) external;
                  function startBlock() external view returns (uint256 startBlock_);
                  function transferOwnership(address newOwner) external; // nosemgrep
                  function unsafeBlockSigner() external view returns (address addr_);
                  function version() external pure returns (string memory);
                  function __constructor__() external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Address.sol)
              pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
              /**
               * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
               */
              library AddressUpgradeable {
                  /**
                   * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
                   * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
                   *
                   * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
                   * types of addresses:
                   *
                   *  - an externally-owned account
                   *  - a contract in construction
                   *  - an address where a contract will be created
                   *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
                   * ====
                   *
                   * [IMPORTANT]
                   * ====
                   * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
                   *
                   * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
                   * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
                   * constructor.
                   * ====
                   */
                  function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
                      // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
                      // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
                      // of the constructor execution.
                      return account.code.length > 0;
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
                   * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
                   *
                   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
                   * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
                   * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
                   * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
                   *
                   * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
                   *
                   * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
                   * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
                   * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
                   * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
                   */
                  function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
                      require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
                      (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
                      require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
                   * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
                   * function instead.
                   *
                   * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
                   * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
                   *
                   * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
                   * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - `target` must be a contract.
                   * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
                   * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
                   *
                   * Requirements:
                   *
                   * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
                   * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
                   * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.1._
                   */
                  function functionCallWithValue(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      uint256 value,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
                   * but performing a static call.
                   *
                   * _Available since v3.3._
                   */
                  function functionStaticCall(
                      address target,
                      bytes memory data,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
                      require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
                      (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
                      return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
                  }
                  /**
                   * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
                   * revert reason using the provided one.
                   *
                   * _Available since v4.3._
                   */
                  function verifyCallResult(
                      bool success,
                      bytes memory returndata,
                      string memory errorMessage
                  ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
                      if (success) {
                          return returndata;
                      } else {
                          // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                          if (returndata.length > 0) {
                              // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                              /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                              assembly {
                                  let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                                  revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                              }
                          } else {
                              revert(errorMessage);
                          }
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              /// @custom:attribution https://github.com/bakaoh/solidity-rlp-encode
              /// @title RLPWriter
              /// @author RLPWriter is a library for encoding Solidity types to RLP bytes. Adapted from Bakaoh's
              ///         RLPEncode library (https://github.com/bakaoh/solidity-rlp-encode) with minor
              ///         modifications to improve legibility.
              library RLPWriter {
                  /// @notice RLP encodes a byte string.
                  /// @param _in The byte string to encode.
                  /// @return out_ The RLP encoded string in bytes.
                  function writeBytes(bytes memory _in) internal pure returns (bytes memory out_) {
                      if (_in.length == 1 && uint8(_in[0]) < 128) {
                          out_ = _in;
                      } else {
                          out_ = abi.encodePacked(_writeLength(_in.length, 128), _in);
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice RLP encodes a list of RLP encoded byte byte strings.
                  /// @param _in The list of RLP encoded byte strings.
                  /// @return list_ The RLP encoded list of items in bytes.
                  function writeList(bytes[] memory _in) internal pure returns (bytes memory list_) {
                      list_ = _flatten(_in);
                      list_ = abi.encodePacked(_writeLength(list_.length, 192), list_);
                  }
                  /// @notice RLP encodes a string.
                  /// @param _in The string to encode.
                  /// @return out_ The RLP encoded string in bytes.
                  function writeString(string memory _in) internal pure returns (bytes memory out_) {
                      out_ = writeBytes(bytes(_in));
                  }
                  /// @notice RLP encodes an address.
                  /// @param _in The address to encode.
                  /// @return out_ The RLP encoded address in bytes.
                  function writeAddress(address _in) internal pure returns (bytes memory out_) {
                      out_ = writeBytes(abi.encodePacked(_in));
                  }
                  /// @notice RLP encodes a uint.
                  /// @param _in The uint256 to encode.
                  /// @return out_ The RLP encoded uint256 in bytes.
                  function writeUint(uint256 _in) internal pure returns (bytes memory out_) {
                      out_ = writeBytes(_toBinary(_in));
                  }
                  /// @notice RLP encodes a bool.
                  /// @param _in The bool to encode.
                  /// @return out_ The RLP encoded bool in bytes.
                  function writeBool(bool _in) internal pure returns (bytes memory out_) {
                      out_ = new bytes(1);
                      out_[0] = (_in ? bytes1(0x01) : bytes1(0x80));
                  }
                  /// @notice Encode the first byte and then the `len` in binary form if `length` is more than 55.
                  /// @param _len    The length of the string or the payload.
                  /// @param _offset 128 if item is string, 192 if item is list.
                  /// @return out_ RLP encoded bytes.
                  function _writeLength(uint256 _len, uint256 _offset) private pure returns (bytes memory out_) {
                      if (_len < 56) {
                          out_ = new bytes(1);
                          out_[0] = bytes1(uint8(_len) + uint8(_offset));
                      } else {
                          uint256 lenLen;
                          uint256 i = 1;
                          while (_len / i != 0) {
                              lenLen++;
                              i *= 256;
                          }
                          out_ = new bytes(lenLen + 1);
                          out_[0] = bytes1(uint8(lenLen) + uint8(_offset) + 55);
                          for (i = 1; i <= lenLen; i++) {
                              out_[i] = bytes1(uint8((_len / (256 ** (lenLen - i))) % 256));
                          }
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Encode integer in big endian binary form with no leading zeroes.
                  /// @param _x The integer to encode.
                  /// @return out_ RLP encoded bytes.
                  function _toBinary(uint256 _x) private pure returns (bytes memory out_) {
                      bytes memory b = abi.encodePacked(_x);
                      uint256 i = 0;
                      for (; i < 32; i++) {
                          if (b[i] != 0) {
                              break;
                          }
                      }
                      out_ = new bytes(32 - i);
                      for (uint256 j = 0; j < out_.length; j++) {
                          out_[j] = b[i++];
                      }
                  }
                  /// @custom:attribution https://github.com/Arachnid/solidity-stringutils
                  /// @notice Copies a piece of memory to another location.
                  /// @param _dest Destination location.
                  /// @param _src  Source location.
                  /// @param _len  Length of memory to copy.
                  function _memcpy(uint256 _dest, uint256 _src, uint256 _len) private pure {
                      uint256 dest = _dest;
                      uint256 src = _src;
                      uint256 len = _len;
                      for (; len >= 32; len -= 32) {
                          assembly {
                              mstore(dest, mload(src))
                          }
                          dest += 32;
                          src += 32;
                      }
                      uint256 mask;
                      unchecked {
                          mask = 256 ** (32 - len) - 1;
                      }
                      assembly {
                          let srcpart := and(mload(src), not(mask))
                          let destpart := and(mload(dest), mask)
                          mstore(dest, or(destpart, srcpart))
                      }
                  }
                  /// @custom:attribution https://github.com/sammayo/solidity-rlp-encoder
                  /// @notice Flattens a list of byte strings into one byte string.
                  /// @param _list List of byte strings to flatten.
                  /// @return out_ The flattened byte string.
                  function _flatten(bytes[] memory _list) private pure returns (bytes memory out_) {
                      if (_list.length == 0) {
                          return new bytes(0);
                      }
                      uint256 len;
                      uint256 i = 0;
                      for (; i < _list.length; i++) {
                          len += _list[i].length;
                      }
                      out_ = new bytes(len);
                      uint256 flattenedPtr;
                      assembly {
                          flattenedPtr := add(out_, 0x20)
                      }
                      for (i = 0; i < _list.length; i++) {
                          bytes memory item = _list[i];
                          uint256 listPtr;
                          assembly {
                              listPtr := add(item, 0x20)
                          }
                          _memcpy(flattenedPtr, listPtr, item.length);
                          flattenedPtr += _list[i].length;
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              interface IResourceMetering {
                  struct ResourceParams {
                      uint128 prevBaseFee;
                      uint64 prevBoughtGas;
                      uint64 prevBlockNum;
                  }
                  struct ResourceConfig {
                      uint32 maxResourceLimit;
                      uint8 elasticityMultiplier;
                      uint8 baseFeeMaxChangeDenominator;
                      uint32 minimumBaseFee;
                      uint32 systemTxMaxGas;
                      uint128 maximumBaseFee;
                  }
                  error OutOfGas();
                  event Initialized(uint8 version);
                  function params() external view returns (uint128 prevBaseFee, uint64 prevBoughtGas, uint64 prevBlockNum); // nosemgrep
                  function __constructor__() external;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.15;
              using LibPosition for Position global;
              /// @notice A `Position` represents a position of a claim within the game tree.
              /// @dev This is represented as a "generalized index" where the high-order bit
              /// is the level in the tree and the remaining bits is a unique bit pattern, allowing
              /// a unique identifier for each node in the tree. Mathematically, it is calculated
              /// as 2^{depth} + indexAtDepth.
              type Position is uint128;
              /// @title LibPosition
              /// @notice This library contains helper functions for working with the `Position` type.
              library LibPosition {
                  /// @notice the `MAX_POSITION_BITLEN` is the number of bits that the `Position` type, and the implementation of
                  ///         its behavior within this library, can safely support.
                  uint8 internal constant MAX_POSITION_BITLEN = 126;
                  /// @notice Computes a generalized index (2^{depth} + indexAtDepth).
                  /// @param _depth The depth of the position.
                  /// @param _indexAtDepth The index at the depth of the position.
                  /// @return position_ The computed generalized index.
                  function wrap(uint8 _depth, uint128 _indexAtDepth) internal pure returns (Position position_) {
                      assembly {
                          // gindex = 2^{_depth} + _indexAtDepth
                          position_ := add(shl(_depth, 1), _indexAtDepth)
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Pulls the `depth` out of a `Position` type.
                  /// @param _position The generalized index to get the `depth` of.
                  /// @return depth_ The `depth` of the `position` gindex.
                  /// @custom:attribution Solady <https://github.com/Vectorized/Solady>
                  function depth(Position _position) internal pure returns (uint8 depth_) {
                      // Return the most significant bit offset, which signifies the depth of the gindex.
                      assembly {
                          depth_ := or(depth_, shl(6, lt(0xffffffffffffffff, shr(depth_, _position))))
                          depth_ := or(depth_, shl(5, lt(0xffffffff, shr(depth_, _position))))
                          // For the remaining 32 bits, use a De Bruijn lookup.
                          _position := shr(depth_, _position)
                          _position := or(_position, shr(1, _position))
                          _position := or(_position, shr(2, _position))
                          _position := or(_position, shr(4, _position))
                          _position := or(_position, shr(8, _position))
                          _position := or(_position, shr(16, _position))
                          depth_ :=
                              or(
                                  depth_,
                                  byte(
                                      shr(251, mul(_position, shl(224, 0x07c4acdd))),
                                      0x0009010a0d15021d0b0e10121619031e080c141c0f111807131b17061a05041f
                                  )
                              )
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Pulls the `indexAtDepth` out of a `Position` type.
                  ///         The `indexAtDepth` is the left/right index of a position at a specific depth within
                  ///         the binary tree, starting from index 0. For example, at gindex 2, the `depth` = 1
                  ///         and the `indexAtDepth` = 0.
                  /// @param _position The generalized index to get the `indexAtDepth` of.
                  /// @return indexAtDepth_ The `indexAtDepth` of the `position` gindex.
                  function indexAtDepth(Position _position) internal pure returns (uint128 indexAtDepth_) {
                      // Return bits p_{msb-1}...p_{0}. This effectively pulls the 2^{depth} out of the gindex,
                      // leaving only the `indexAtDepth`.
                      uint256 msb = depth(_position);
                      assembly {
                          indexAtDepth_ := sub(_position, shl(msb, 1))
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Get the left child of `_position`.
                  /// @param _position The position to get the left position of.
                  /// @return left_ The position to the left of `position`.
                  function left(Position _position) internal pure returns (Position left_) {
                      assembly {
                          left_ := shl(1, _position)
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Get the right child of `_position`
                  /// @param _position The position to get the right position of.
                  /// @return right_ The position to the right of `position`.
                  function right(Position _position) internal pure returns (Position right_) {
                      assembly {
                          right_ := or(1, shl(1, _position))
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Get the parent position of `_position`.
                  /// @param _position The position to get the parent position of.
                  /// @return parent_ The parent position of `position`.
                  function parent(Position _position) internal pure returns (Position parent_) {
                      assembly {
                          parent_ := shr(1, _position)
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Get the deepest, right most gindex relative to the `position`. This is equivalent to
                  ///         calling `right` on a position until the maximum depth is reached.
                  /// @param _position The position to get the relative deepest, right most gindex of.
                  /// @param _maxDepth The maximum depth of the game.
                  /// @return rightIndex_ The deepest, right most gindex relative to the `position`.
                  function rightIndex(Position _position, uint256 _maxDepth) internal pure returns (Position rightIndex_) {
                      uint256 msb = depth(_position);
                      assembly {
                          let remaining := sub(_maxDepth, msb)
                          rightIndex_ := or(shl(remaining, _position), sub(shl(remaining, 1), 1))
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Get the deepest, right most trace index relative to the `position`. This is
                  ///         equivalent to calling `right` on a position until the maximum depth is reached and
                  ///         then finding its index at depth.
                  /// @param _position The position to get the relative trace index of.
                  /// @param _maxDepth The maximum depth of the game.
                  /// @return traceIndex_ The trace index relative to the `position`.
                  function traceIndex(Position _position, uint256 _maxDepth) internal pure returns (uint256 traceIndex_) {
                      uint256 msb = depth(_position);
                      assembly {
                          let remaining := sub(_maxDepth, msb)
                          traceIndex_ := sub(or(shl(remaining, _position), sub(shl(remaining, 1), 1)), shl(_maxDepth, 1))
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Gets the position of the highest ancestor of `_position` that commits to the same
                  ///         trace index.
                  /// @param _position The position to get the highest ancestor of.
                  /// @return ancestor_ The highest ancestor of `position` that commits to the same trace index.
                  function traceAncestor(Position _position) internal pure returns (Position ancestor_) {
                      // Create a field with only the lowest unset bit of `_position` set.
                      Position lsb;
                      assembly {
                          lsb := and(not(_position), add(_position, 1))
                      }
                      // Find the index of the lowest unset bit within the field.
                      uint256 msb = depth(lsb);
                      // The highest ancestor that commits to the same trace index is the original position
                      // shifted right by the index of the lowest unset bit.
                      assembly {
                          let a := shr(msb, _position)
                          // Bound the ancestor to the minimum gindex, 1.
                          ancestor_ := or(a, iszero(a))
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Gets the position of the highest ancestor of `_position` that commits to the same
                  ///         trace index, while still being below `_upperBoundExclusive`.
                  /// @param _position The position to get the highest ancestor of.
                  /// @param _upperBoundExclusive The exclusive upper depth bound, used to inform where to stop in order
                  ///                             to not escape a sub-tree.
                  /// @return ancestor_ The highest ancestor of `position` that commits to the same trace index.
                  function traceAncestorBounded(
                      Position _position,
                      uint256 _upperBoundExclusive
                  )
                      internal
                      pure
                      returns (Position ancestor_)
                  {
                      // This function only works for positions that are below the upper bound.
                      if (_position.depth() <= _upperBoundExclusive) {
                          assembly {
                              // Revert with `ClaimAboveSplit()`
                              mstore(0x00, 0xb34b5c22)
                              revert(0x1C, 0x04)
                          }
                      }
                      // Grab the global trace ancestor.
                      ancestor_ = traceAncestor(_position);
                      // If the ancestor is above or at the upper bound, shift it to be below the upper bound.
                      // This should be a special case that only covers positions that commit to the final leaf
                      // in a sub-tree.
                      if (ancestor_.depth() <= _upperBoundExclusive) {
                          ancestor_ = ancestor_.rightIndex(_upperBoundExclusive + 1);
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Get the move position of `_position`, which is the left child of:
                  ///         1. `_position` if `_isAttack` is true.
                  ///         2. `_position | 1` if `_isAttack` is false.
                  /// @param _position The position to get the relative attack/defense position of.
                  /// @param _isAttack Whether or not the move is an attack move.
                  /// @return move_ The move position relative to `position`.
                  function move(Position _position, bool _isAttack) internal pure returns (Position move_) {
                      assembly {
                          move_ := shl(1, or(iszero(_isAttack), _position))
                      }
                  }
                  /// @notice Get the value of a `Position` type in the form of the underlying uint128.
                  /// @param _position The position to get the value of.
                  /// @return raw_ The value of the `position` as a uint128 type.
                  function raw(Position _position) internal pure returns (uint128 raw_) {
                      assembly {
                          raw_ := _position
                      }
                  }
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
              interface IInitializable {
                  function initialize() external payable;
              }
              // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
              pragma solidity ^0.8.15;
              // Libraries
              import {
                  Position,
                  Hash,
                  GameType,
                  VMStatus,
                  Timestamp,
                  Duration,
                  Clock,
                  GameId,
                  Claim,
                  LibGameId,
                  LibClock
              } from "src/dispute/lib/LibUDT.sol";
              /// @notice The current status of the dispute game.
              enum GameStatus {
                  // The game is currently in progress, and has not been resolved.
                  IN_PROGRESS,
                  // The game has concluded, and the `rootClaim` was challenged successfully.
                  CHALLENGER_WINS,
                  // The game has concluded, and the `rootClaim` could not be contested.
                  DEFENDER_WINS
              }
              /// @notice The game's bond distribution type. Games are expected to start in the `UNDECIDED`
              ///         state, and then choose either `NORMAL` or `REFUND`.
              enum BondDistributionMode {
                  // Bond distribution strategy has not been chosen.
                  UNDECIDED,
                  // Bonds should be distributed as normal.
                  NORMAL,
                  // Bonds should be refunded to claimants.
                  REFUND
              }
              /// @notice Represents an L2 output root and the L2 block number at which it was generated.
              /// @custom:field root The output root.
              /// @custom:field l2BlockNumber The L2 block number at which the output root was generated.
              struct OutputRoot {
                  Hash root;
                  uint256 l2BlockNumber;
              }
              /// @title GameTypes
              /// @notice A library that defines the IDs of games that can be played.
              library GameTypes {
                  /// @dev A dispute game type the uses the cannon vm.
                  GameType internal constant CANNON = GameType.wrap(0);
                  /// @dev A permissioned dispute game type that uses the cannon vm.
                  GameType internal constant PERMISSIONED_CANNON = GameType.wrap(1);
                  /// @notice A dispute game type that uses the asterisc vm.
                  GameType internal constant ASTERISC = GameType.wrap(2);
                  /// @notice A dispute game type that uses the asterisc vm with Kona.
                  GameType internal constant ASTERISC_KONA = GameType.wrap(3);
                  /// @notice A dispute game type that uses OP Succinct
                  GameType internal constant OP_SUCCINCT = GameType.wrap(6);
                  /// @notice A dispute game type with short game duration for testing withdrawals.
                  ///         Not intended for production use.
                  GameType internal constant FAST = GameType.wrap(254);
                  /// @notice A dispute game type that uses an alphabet vm.
                  ///         Not intended for production use.
                  GameType internal constant ALPHABET = GameType.wrap(255);
                  /// @notice A dispute game type that uses RISC Zero's Kailua
                  GameType internal constant KAILUA = GameType.wrap(1337);
              }
              /// @title VMStatuses
              /// @notice Named type aliases for the various valid VM status bytes.
              library VMStatuses {
                  /// @notice The VM has executed successfully and the outcome is valid.
                  VMStatus internal constant VALID = VMStatus.wrap(0);
                  /// @notice The VM has executed successfully and the outcome is invalid.
                  VMStatus internal constant INVALID = VMStatus.wrap(1);
                  /// @notice The VM has paniced.
                  VMStatus internal constant PANIC = VMStatus.wrap(2);
                  /// @notice The VM execution is still in progress.
                  VMStatus internal constant UNFINISHED = VMStatus.wrap(3);
              }
              /// @title LocalPreimageKey
              /// @notice Named type aliases for local `PreimageOracle` key identifiers.
              library LocalPreimageKey {
                  /// @notice The identifier for the L1 head hash.
                  uint256 internal constant L1_HEAD_HASH = 0x01;
                  /// @notice The identifier for the starting output root.
                  uint256 internal constant STARTING_OUTPUT_ROOT = 0x02;
                  /// @notice The identifier for the disputed output root.
                  uint256 internal constant DISPUTED_OUTPUT_ROOT = 0x03;
                  /// @notice The identifier for the disputed L2 block number.
                  uint256 internal constant DISPUTED_L2_BLOCK_NUMBER = 0x04;
                  /// @notice The identifier for the chain ID.
                  uint256 internal constant CHAIN_ID = 0x05;
              }